Negative Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Prostate Predicts Absence of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer on 12-Core Template Prostate Biopsy

OBJECTIVE To determine the negative predictive value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), we evaluated the frequency of prostate cancer detection by 12-core template mapping biopsy in men whose mpMRI showed no suspicious regions. METHODS Six hundred seventy patients underwent mpMRI followed by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)guided systematic prostate biopsy from December 2012 to June 2016. Of this cohort, 100 patients had a negative mpMRI. mpMRI imaging sequences included T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast enhancement sequences. RESULTS The mean age, prostate-specific antigen, and prostate volume of the 100 men included were 64.3 years, 7.2 ng/mL, and 71 mL, respectively. Overall cancer detection was 27% (27 of 100). Prostate cancer was detected in 26.3% (10 of 38) of patients who were biopsy-naive, 12.1% (4 of 33) of patients who had a prior negative biopsy, and in 44.8% (13 of 29) of patients previously on active surveillance; Gleason grade >= 7 was detected in 3% of patients overall (3 of 100). The negative predictive value of a negative mpMRI was 73% for all prostate cancer and 97% for Gleason >= 7 prostate cancer. CONCLUSION There is an approximately 3% chance of detecting clinically significant prostate cancer with systematic TRUS-guided biopsy in patients with no suspicious findings on mpMRI. This information should help guide recommendations to patients about undergoing systematic TRUS-guided biopsy when mpMRI is negative. Published by Elsevier Inc.