Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 25, Issue 10, Pages 833-850Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2017.04.005
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Funding
- Dutch Cancer Society [UU 2012-5667]
- Dr. FP Fischer Foundation (Utrecht, The Netherlands)
- Stichting Vrienden UMC Utrecht
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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems are RNA-guided sequence-specific prokaryotic antiviral immune systems. In prokaryotes, small RNA molecules guide Cas effector endonucleases to invading foreign genetic elements in a sequence-dependent manner, resulting in DNA cleavage by the endonuclease upon target binding. A rewired CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used for targeted and precise genome editing in eukaryotic cells. CRISPR/Cas has also been harnessed to target human pathogenic viruses as a potential new antiviral strategy. Here, we review recent CRISPR/Cas9-based approaches to combat specific human viruses in humans and discuss challenges that need to be overcome before CRISPR/Cas9 may be used in the clinic as an antiviral strategy.
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