Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vincent T. Marchesi
Summary: The cognitive deficits in aging brains that resemble the early stages of Alzheimer's-type dementia are not caused by toxic protein deposits. Instead, they are caused by somatic mutations that disrupt synaptic signaling. These mutant proteins, which impact neuronal action potentials, could serve as biomarkers for functional defects and open up new possibilities for diagnosis and treatment.
Article
Biology
Monica Sanchez-Contreras, Mariya T. Sweetwyne, Kristine A. Tsantilas, Jeremy A. Whitson, Matthew D. Campbell, Brenden F. Kohrn, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Michael J. Hipp, Jeanne Fredrickson, Megan M. Nguyen, James B. Hurley, David J. Marcinek, Peter S. Rabinovitch, Scott R. Kennedy
Summary: This study utilized Duplex Sequencing to detect mtDNA somatic mutations in eight tissues of aged mice. The results showed significant increases in somatic mtDNA mutations with age across all tissues, primarily due to replication errors and/or cytidine deamination. Surprisingly, mutations associated with oxidative damage did not increase with age and rarely formed clones in any tissue.
Article
Oncology
Marina V. Nemtsova, Alexey I. Kalinkin, Ekaterina B. Kuznetsova, Irina V. Bure, Ekaterina A. Alekseeva, Igor I. Bykov, Tatiana V. Khorobrykh, Dmitry S. Mikhaylenko, Alexander S. Tanas, Vladimir V. Strelnikov
Summary: Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in gene expression patterns, and their deregulations can affect oncogenesis and metastasis in gastric cancer. Mutations in epigenetic regulation genes, particularly in KMT2D, KMT2C, ARID1A, and CHD7, were found to be associated with reduced overall survival of patients, especially in those with metastases and signet ring cell tumors. This suggests that mutations in epigenetic regulation genes may serve as valuable clinical markers for prognosis in gastric cancer patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Alessandro Allegra, Santino Caserta, Giuseppe Mirabile, Sebastiano Gangemi
Summary: Abnormal DNA methylation patterns are a trait of cancer cells, and age-related epigenetic changes may partly explain the increased risk of cancer in the elderly. Understanding these changes is crucial for preventing and treating age-related disorders, as epigenetic mechanisms are reversible.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kamila Naxerova
Summary: Cells acquire mutations continuously and pass them on to their offspring, shedding light on their developmental history and dynamics in adult tissue.
Article
Oncology
Min-Ae Song, Kellie M. Mori, Joseph P. Mcelroy, Jo L. Freudenheim, Daniel Y. Weng, Sarah A. Reisinger, Theodore M. Brasky, Mark D. Wewers, Peter G. Shields
Summary: Smoking and electronic cigarette vaping are associated with accelerated lung epigenetic aging, indicating potential adverse effects on biological aging. Further research is needed to understand the unique effects of electronic cigarettes on pulmonary health.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Md Mesbah Uddin, Ying Zhou, Alexander G. Bick, Bala Bharathi Burugula, Siddhartha Jaiswal, Pinkal Desai, Michael C. Honigberg, Shelly-Ann Love, Ana Barac, Kathleen M. Hayden, JoAnn E. Manson, Eric A. Whitsel, Charles Kooperberg, Pradeep Natarajan, Alexander P. Reiner, Jacob O. Kitzman
Summary: This study developed a cost-effective smMIPS sequencing assay to detect CHIP and validated it using multi-timepoint samples from the Women's Health Initiative cohort. The results showed that most clonal mutations in CHIP expand over time, while some remain static or decrease in size. Mutations that reached the conventional threshold for CHIP tend to continue growing.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Irene Franco, Gwladys Revechon, Maria Eriksson
Summary: The causal effects of somatic mutations in the aging process are still not clear due to technological and methodological weaknesses. Studying somatic mutagenesis in different experimental systems can help understand its functional role.
Editorial Material
Biology
Auden Cote-L'Heureux, Yogesh N. K. Maithania, Melissa Franco, Konstantin Khrapko
Summary: A large-scale study on mitochondrial DNA mutations has identified a subset that does not accumulate with age.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neil A. Robertson, Eric Latorre-Crespo, Maria Terradas-Terradas, Jorge Lemos-Portela, Alison C. Purcell, Benjamin J. Livesey, Robert F. Hillary, Lee Murphy, Angie Fawkes, Louise MacGillivray, Mhairi Copland, Riccardo E. Marioni, Joseph A. Marsh, Sarah E. Harris, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Linus J. Schumacher, Kristina Kirschner, Tamir Chandra
Summary: An analysis of blood samples reveals insights on the dynamics of clonal hematopoiesis and proposes a model for individualized clone monitoring. This model could help in understanding the relationship between clonal hematopoiesis and increased risk for malignancy, heart disease, and ischemic stroke.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kuan-lin Huang, Adam D. Scott, Daniel Cui Zhou, Liang-Bo Wang, Amila Weerasinghe, Abdulkadir Elmas, Ruiyang Liu, Yige Wu, Michael C. Wendl, Matthew A. Wyczalkowski, Jessika Baral, Sohini Sengupta, Chin-Wen Lai, Kelly Ruggles, Samuel H. Payne, Benjamin Raphael, David Fenyo, Ken Chen, Gordon Mills, Li Ding
Summary: Advances in mass-spectrometry have led to the generation of large-scale proteomics datasets containing tens of thousands of phosphorylation sites. Using a bioinformatics tool called HotPho, researchers identified 474 hybrid clusters of phosphosites and cancer mutations on protein structures, highlighting nearly 3,000 likely functional mutations and over 1,000 cancer phosphosites for potential clinical relevance.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yoo-Jin Ha, Seungseok Kang, Jisoo Kim, Junhan Kim, Se-Young Jo, Sangwoo Kim
Summary: This study benchmarks 11 approaches for detecting mosaic single-nucleotide variant and insertion-deletion mutations.
Article
Psychiatry
M. I. Krivonosov, E. V. Kondakova, N. A. Bulanov, S. A. Polevaya, C. Franceschi, M. V. Ivanchenko, M. V. Vedunova
Summary: This study identifies cognitive indices related to age using cognitive tests and constructs a machine learning-based Cognitive Clock that predicts age. The study also finds correlations between cognitive performance and aging status of individuals.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Haifeng Guo, Chi-Hsiou D. Hung, Alexandros Kontonikas
Summary: The stock market only significantly increases over the pre-FOMC announcement window during periods of high investor sentiment and low economic policy uncertainty. Buy-initiated trades associated with high sentiment are positively related to pre-FOMC returns. These findings suggest a behavioral interpretation of the pre-FOMC announcement drift.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Man Nie, Likun Du, Weicheng Ren, Julia Joung, Xiaofei Ye, Xi Shi, Sibel Ciftci, Dongbing Liu, Kui Wu, Feng Zhang, Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom
Summary: The study investigated DLBCL cell line RC-K8 through whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing, identifying dependencies on CREBBP and MDM2. The dependency on CREBBP is linked to a balanced translocation involving EP300, and the synthetic lethal interaction between CREBBP and EP300 was validated. The results suggest potential therapeutic options for DLBCL cases with mutations in CREBBP or EP300.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)