Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wen Li, Qian Xu, Yajun Yin, Jianxin Zhou, Hai Nan
Summary: Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has a significant influence on pore closure and microstructure evolution in Ti6Al4V alloy castings. Experimental and numerical simulation methods were used to analyze the evolution of pore volume, stress distribution, and strain in the alloy during HIP. The results show that creep is the main mechanism for pore closure during HIP, and grain boundary diffusion is the main mechanism for micropore closure. Additionally, the spheroidization of a lamellae around the pore during HIP is mainly attributed to continuous dynamic recrystallization and lamellae kinking.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haifei Lu, Zhao Wang, Jie Cai, Xiang Xu, Kaiyu Luo, Liujun Wu, Jinzhong Lu
Summary: The study revealed that laser shock peening treatment can effectively enhance the hot corrosion resistance of SLMed Ti6Al4V titanium alloy by generating high-density dislocations and nano-twins to enhance the grain boundary effect.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. B. Gao, D. D. Ben, H. J. Yang, L. X. Meng, H. B. Ji, D. L. Lian, J. Chen, J. L. Yi, L. Wang, P. Li, Z. F. Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the rapid hardening and softening of SLM-Ti6Al4V alloy through electropulsing treatment, which affects the microhardness by evolving microstructures. Electropulsing treatment reduces the thermodynamic barrier for α->β solid-state phase transformation, further refining the microstructure of the SLM-Ti6Al4V alloy.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xingchen Yan, Shujun Yue, Jinguo Ge, Chaoyue Chen, Rocco Lupoi, Shuo Yin
Summary: Ti6Al4V triply periodic minimal surface and trabecular lattices were manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM) and investigated after hot isostatic pressing (HIPing) treatment.The HIPing treatment had limited influence on pore elimination when the pore diameters were larger than 30μm. The microstructural anisotropy was effectively eliminated after HIPing and the energy absorption capacity significantly improved due to the transformation induced plasticity effect of alpha + beta laths formation. The fracture mechanism was altered from the brittle-dominated quasi-cleavage mode to ductility-dominated mode.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. L. Lu, Z. J. Zhang, R. Liu, Z. Qu, B. Wang, X. H. Zhou, J. Eckert, Z. F. Zhang
Summary: The prior beta grain evolution and phase transformation of selective laser melted (SLM) Ti6Al4V alloy after subtransus and supertransus solution heat treatments were investigated. A method based on the special angle grain boundaries was proposed for describing the prior beta mesostructure. Subtransus treatments retained the prior beta grains and altered the martensitic microstructure into a mixture of alpha and alpha'/beta phases. Supertransus treatments resulted in the growth of prior beta grains and transformation of martensitic alpha' phases into beta phases, followed by a transformation back into alpha' martensites during quenching, leading to a new martensitic microstructure. The microhardness was mainly influenced by the amount of alpha' martensite.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qian Xu, Wen Li, Yajun Yin, Jianxin Zhou, Hai Nan
Summary: This study investigated the healing behavior, microstructure evolution, and tensile properties of a cast Ti6Al4V alloy with millimeter-scale shrinkage cavities during hot isostatic pressing (HIP). X-ray computed tomography (CT) was used to track the closure process of pores during HIP. The results showed that HIP has the potential to close the shrinkage cavities and the main closure mechanism is plastic deformation. The microstructure analysis revealed the rotation of crystalline lattice and the breakdown of alpha lamellae during HIP. The study also found that HIP treatment improved metallurgical bonding and enhanced the tensile properties.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zong Xuewen, Zhang Jian, Lu Bingheng, Li Weidong
Summary: The effects of different forming surfaces and loads on the friction and wear properties of Ti6Al4V alloy prepared by SLM were investigated. The results showed that XOZ surface had better friction and wear performance than XOY surface, except for better wear resistance of XOY surface under low load conditions.
RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiujun Hu, Chang Chen, Min Liu, Cheng Chang, Xingchen Yan, Yilong Dai
Summary: Selective laser melting (SLM) technology has great potential for developing magnesium alloys in structural and biomedical applications. The study found that T4 heat treatment changed the microstructure of AZ91D alloy and decreased its tensile strength and hardness, but greatly improved its corrosion resistance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. Karimi, M. Antonov, L. Kollo, K. G. Prashanth
Summary: This study aimed to enhance the surface quality and mechanical properties of a Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM) by applying laser remelting. The research found that increasing the number of remelting steps can improve fatigue strength, strength, and wear resistance of the parts significantly.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
J. Karimi, C. Suryanarayana, I Okulov, K. G. Prashanth
Summary: This study investigated the effect of remelting on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V materials fabricated using selective laser melting. The results showed that the number of remeltings significantly influenced the homogenization of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the materials, with an increase in hardness and ultimate tensile strength but a decrease in ductility observed with a higher number of melting steps.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jay Airao, Chandrakant K. Nirala
Summary: A comparative analysis of the microstructure's effect on tool wear during micro-turning of conventionally manufactured and selective laser melting (SLM) or laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fabricated Ti6Al4V revealed that LPBF Ti6Al4V experiences more tool wear primarily due to its higher hardness and instability of the beta phase at a higher temperature.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wei Han, Jin Min, Guoqing Dai, Yanhua Guo, Lili Chang, Yaoqi Wang, Ertuan Zhao, Zhonggang Sun, Hui Chang
Summary: Y2O3 particles act as nucleation sites in the additive manufacturing (AM) process of titanium alloy, refining and homogenizing its microstructure, and improving its properties. Excessive addition of Y2O3 can increase the probability of material fracture, so the amount of Y2O3 addition must be strictly controlled.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xina Huang, Shoubin Ding, Wen Yue
Summary: The effect of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated using electron beam melting (EBM) was systematically investigated in this study. The results show that cryogenic treatment can refine the microstructure and enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy, especially with a soaking time of 48 hours.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abdulaziz Kurdi, A. K. Basak
Summary: The mechanical properties and deformation behaviour of SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy are influenced by the microstructure and loading direction, resulting in anisotropy. The alloy exhibits higher yield and ultimate compressive strength compared to mill-annealed alloy.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. Tahri, Th. Chauveau, A. Hocini, G. Dirras, B. Bacroix
Summary: The study compares the efficiency of three different Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) post-treatments in reducing defect density in Ti-6Al-4V alloy parts fabricated through Electron Beam Melting. The HIP treatments include standard HIP, High-Temperature HIP, and two-step HIP. Although all three treatments seal internal porosity and increase material density, they show significant variations in morphology, porosity, and hardness. The decrease in density is mainly attributed to the evolution of chemical composition and crystalline structure.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Rita Ferreira, Angela Cunha, Oscar Carvalho, Bruno Trindade, Luis Sobral, Sandra Carvalho, Filipe Silva
Summary: A CuCoBe-diamond composite was used to reinforce a laser textured 410 stainless steel piston ring by hot-pressing. Different hot-pressing parameters were used to optimize the sintering process of the CuCoBe particles. The tribological results revealed that larger texture dimensions led to enhanced tribological performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Guimaraes, A. Guedes, C. M. Fernandes, D. Figueiredo, F. Bartolomeu, G. Miranda, F. S. Silva
Summary: A novel approach using laser powder bed fusion technology was proposed to additively manufacture 316L stainless steel on a WC-Co substrate, obtaining complex multi-material cutting tools. Results showed a good bonding between materials with a dense and well-defined interface capable of withstanding cutting forces. The hardness of the stainless steel was found to be directly correlated with the energy density used during laser powder bed fusion. This method proved effective in producing multi-material WC-Co/316L stainless steel cutting tools with good metallurgical bonding and mechanical strength, without the need for an interfacial material.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
F. Bartolomeu, O. Carvalho, M. Gasik, F. S. Silva
Summary: A home-made 3D Multi-Material Laser Powder Bed Fusion (3DMMLPBF) technology was used to manufacture novel multi-material Ti6Al4V-CoCrMo parts. This system allows for the construction of 3D Multi-Material transitions between distinct materials, point-by-point and layer-by-layer. The functional transition between Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo was analyzed and found to have a solid metallurgical bonding and 3D mechanical interlocking.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Optics
A. Marques, B. Guimaraes, F. Bartolomeu, G. Miranda, S. Silva, O. Carvalho
Summary: The combination of Inconel 718 (IN718) alloy and low-density Aluminium (Al) was proposed to achieve improved thermal conductivity and lower weight in the aerospace industry. A multi-material IN718-Al solution was designed and fabricated using laser surface texturing and hot-pressing techniques. The resulting specimens showed significantly lower density and higher thermal conductivity compared to bulk IN718, indicating their potential to enhance energy efficiency in aerospace components.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Pedro Marcelino, Joao Carlos Silva, Carla S. Moura, Joao Meneses, Rachel Cordeiro, Nuno Alves, Paula Pascoal-Faria, Frederico Castelo Ferreira
Summary: Osteochondral (OC) defects affect both articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone, and current therapies have not yet found a suitable long-term solution. Tissue engineering (TE) strategies aim to fabricate tissue substitutes that recreate natural tissue features. This study presents a novel method for designing scaffolds with a mathematically defined curvature, based on the geometry of a sphere, to obtain TE constructs mimicking native OC tissue shape.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Tiago Magalhaes, Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Orlanda Torres, Oscar Carvalho, Filipe S. Silva, Bruno Henriques, Mutlu Özcan, Julio C. M. Souza
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the layer thickness and microstructure of resin-matrix cements and flowable resin-matrix composites at dentin and enamel to composite onlay interfaces after cementation on low loading magnitude. The results showed that flowable resin-matrix composites exhibited adequate flowing even at low loading magnitude. However, there were significant variations in the layer thickness of these composites and traditional resin-matrix cements, which could be attributed to clinical sensitivity and differences in rheological properties of the materials.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Aline Goncalves, Athenais Collard, Francisca Monteiro, David Matos, Oscar Carvalho, Rui Azevedo, Filipe S. Silva, Teresa Pinho
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of Invisalign(R) clear aligner on the maxillary incisors. Five relevant publications were analyzed, including four retrospective studies and one prospective study. The results show that movements with Invisalign(R) on the upper incisors have distinct accuracy, with low accuracy for incisor intrusion and high accuracy for incisor extrusion. Axial and horizontal movements are generally effective. Overall, the efficiency of aligner in achieving desired movements in the upper incisors is low, and the use of aligner features should be considered to improve accuracy.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bruno Guimaraes, Jose Rosas, Cristina M. Fernandes, Daniel Figueiredo, Hernani Lopes, Olga C. Paiva, Filipe S. Silva, Georgina Miranda
Summary: During machining processes, accurately measuring the cutting temperature in real time remains a great challenge. This study aims to solve this problem by embedding thermocouples into the rake face of cutting tools and comparing the results with infrared thermography measurements. The embedded thermocouple method proved to be reliable, precise, accurate, and cost-effective for real-time temperature measurement, providing useful information for cutting parameter optimization and improving productivity and tool life.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING AND MATERIALS PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mario Rito Pereira, Goncalo Silva, Viriato Semiao, Jorge N. R. Martins, Vania Silverio, Paula Pascoal-Faria, Isabel Duarte, Nuno Alves, Antonio Ginjeira
Summary: This study assesses the influence of root canal preparation, irrigation needle design, and its placement depth on the irrigation flow of confluent canals. The results show that apical penetration and renewal of the irrigant are most efficiently achieved with the use of a 30G open-ended needle and a 30/.07v preparation.
AUSTRALIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tiago Santos, Melinda Ramani, Susana Devesa, Catarina Batista, Margarida Franco, Isabel Duarte, Luis Costa, Nelson Ferreira, Nuno Alves, Paula Pascoal-Faria
Summary: Research has found that using microwave radiation for firing can replace traditional methods without compromising the quality and features of the processed pieces, while also reducing the heating time.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tiago Reis, Claudia Barbosa, Margarida Franco, Catarina Batista, Nuno Alves, Pablo Castelo-Baz, Jose Martin-Cruces, Benjamin Martin-Biedma
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the preparation of artificial teeth (ATs), TrueTooth (R), versus natural teeth (NTs) using microCT. The results showed no significant differences in the time and number of pecking movements between NTs and ATs. The volume increase in root canals was higher in NTs but negative values were observed in some samples, indicating an effect of the pulp-colored medium on the 3D analysis.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Beatriz Ferreira Fernandes, Neusa Silva, Joana Faria Marques, Mariana Brito Da Cruz, Laura Tiainen, Michael Gasik, Oscar Carvalho, Filipe Samuel Silva, Joao Carames, Antonio Mata
Summary: This in vitro study evaluated the cellular response of human osteoblasts, gingival fibroblasts, and S. oralis when in contact with zirconia implant surfaces functionalized with BaTiO3, which has piezoelectric properties. The results suggest that these surfaces are not cytotoxic to peri-implant cells and may promote faster initial osteoblast differentiation. Additionally, they can inhibit the growth of S. oralis over time by acting as a bacteriostatic agent.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
F. Melo-Fonseca, O. Carvalho, M. Gasik, G. Miranda, F. S. Silva
Summary: Significant advancements in research and technology have led to remarkable findings on the physiological dynamics of the human body. The transition from two-dimensional culture systems to three-dimensional dynamic cultures has allowed for a closer mimic of the complex physiological environment. This review focuses on mechanical stimulation devices and their potential for improvement to enhance mechanobiology studies.
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
