Journal
TOXIN REVIEWS
Volume 37, Issue 2, Pages 154-160Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1386684
Keywords
Trace metal; trace elements; common carp; food safety and risk assessment
Categories
Funding
- Environmental Health Research Center in the Golestan University of Medical Sciences [PG/35/2813]
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Short- and long-term exposure to heavy metals can be dangerous for human health. One of the main routes of exposure to heavy metals is intake of seafood such as fish. In this study, lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) concentration in the water and muscle of C. Carpio fish was measured and non-carcinogenic risk of these heavy metals was estimated. The mean (range) concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd were 7.92 +/- 7.99 (1.22-39.43mg/kg), 120.90 +/- 106.25 (1.15-477mg/kg), 5.84 +/- 5.22 (ND-21.86mg/kg), and 0.027 +/- 0.043 (ND-0.14). Except Cd, the concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Pb were significantly more than Food and Agricultural Organization United Nations (FAOUN) maximum guidelines (p<.05). Mean concentrations of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu in the water were 0.076 +/- 0.1, ND, 0.0036 +/- 0.001, and 0.002 +/- 0.002mg/l. The rank order of heavy metals was Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd in the water and muscle tissue of C. carpio fish. Lowest and highest target hazard quotient (THQ) for adults was related to Cd (0.005) and Pb (0.252) and for children, Cd (0.003) and Pb (0.168), respectively. The rank order of THQ for adults and children are Pb>Zn>Cu>Cd. Since THQ and hazard index (HI) for both adults and children were significantly lower than 1 (p<.05), there was no significant non-carcinogenic risk from the C. Carpio fish consumption.
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