Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ryo Ohashi, Tatsuo Koide, Toshiro Fukami
Summary: Transmission Raman spectroscopy (TRS) has been found to have practical prediction performance for drug content in tablets, even with variations in granulation parameters. It also shows good prediction performance for tablets manufactured at different granulation scales and thicknesses. Therefore, TRS is a versatile non-destructive quantitative analysis method that can be applied in tablet manufacturing.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Margherita Tonolini, Frans W. J. van den Berg, Peter Baek Skou, Klavs Martin Sorensen, Soren Balling Engelsen
Summary: The combination of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and chemometric techniques can be used for monitoring protein composition in industrial whey streams. Continuous monitoring using in-line NIRS allows for a comprehensive understanding of the protein fractionation process and provides valuable information for process optimization.
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Davinia Brouckaert, Freddy Vandenbroucke, Fabien Chauchard, Martial Dollinger, Yves Roggo, Laurent Pellegatti, Markus Krumme
Summary: The authors present a flexible inspection module for in-line tablet analysis integrating multipoint NIR spectroscopy and 3D MRT technology, demonstrating its capabilities through an industrial case study on Diclofenac Sodium tablets. The combination of NIR spectroscopy for Diclofenac concentration prediction and 3D MRT for mass prediction allows for accurate estimation of each individual tablet's dosage. The study showed high accuracy and precision in predicting tablet dosage, with an average standard deviation below 0.5 mg, highlighting the added value of such inspection and sorting strategies based on calculated dosage.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Amrish Patel, Chunguang Jin, Brittany Handzo, Ravi Kalyanaraman
Summary: Control of moisture content in pharmaceutical solids is a challenge in pharmaceutical development. This study presents a rapid and non-destructive method using near-infrared spectroscopy to measure moisture content in a pharmaceutical tablet product. The method utilizes a handheld NIR spectrometer for quantification, with advantages of ease of use, low cost, and high sensitivity to water absorption in the NIR spectral range.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Carolina Cruz, Ali Arafeh, Philip A. A. Martin, Claudio P. Fonte, Antonio De Simone, Felix K. K. Oppong, Will Jeatt, Thomas L. L. Rodgers
Summary: This study focuses on using near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy as analytical tools to assess the viscosity of ice cream mixes. The results suggest that NIR spectroscopy performs better than Raman spectroscopy in predicting viscosity. However, other factors should also be considered when choosing the best method.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bing Zhao, Hengchang Zang, Liang Zhong, Xiaobo Ma, Haowei Wang, Hui Zhang, Lian Li
Summary: Crystallization is an important pharmaceutical process that has a significant impact on the final product. The continuous crystallization process has gained attention from researchers due to its economic benefits, stable quality, short production cycle, and personalization. This review compares the advantages and disadvantages of infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and focused beam reflection measurement tools in the continuous crystallization process and discusses their applications in different stages of the process.
CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Hannah Carruthers, Don Clark, Fiona Clarke, Karen Faulds, Duncan Graham
Summary: This study evaluated the differences between Raman and NIR chemical mapping methods in analyzing pharmaceutical tablets, with Raman data showing the best agreement with SEM-EDX images while NIR images exhibited significant differences. The study highlighted the superiority of using Raman chemical mapping for obtaining a more accurate representation of the sample surface and understanding knowledge gaps in manufacturing processes.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Kiat Lin, Hui Yi Leong, Tau Chuan Ling, Dong-Qiang Lin, Shan-Jing Yao
Summary: Downstream processing or product recovery is crucial in bioprocess development, with continuous manufacturing making Process Analytical Technologies (PATs) essential. Spectroscopic methods, particularly Raman spectroscopy, are widely used for real-time monitoring of analytes with minimal sample processing. The innovation of enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics provides a reliable alternative for downstream process analysis.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Evan M. Hetrick, Zhenqi Shi, Zachary D. Harms, David P. Myers
Summary: A scientifically sound approach is proposed to estimate sample mass for continuous manufacturing processes using near infrared or Raman spectroscopy, in order to ensure blend measurements can indicate uniformity of final dosage forms. By comparing near infrared and Raman spectroscopy, an optimal range of probe spot diameters was identified for pharmaceutical blends.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kevin Frenkel, Christian Opel, Reinhard Walter, Peter Imming
Summary: This study explored the applications of NIR and Raman spectroscopy in the pharmaceutical industry, with Raman technology found to be superior in determining the decomposition level of sodium hydrogen carbonate. The advantages of thermogravimetric analysis were demonstrated, and the impact of water content, powder density, and particle size on spectra and chemometric models were discussed.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guolin Shi, Longfei Lin, Yuling Liu, Gongsen Chen, Yuting Luo, Yanqiu Wu, Hui Li
Summary: Tablet manufacturing process is complex and influenced by multiple factors. Multivariable modeling techniques are important for understanding and optimizing the process, as well as improving tablet quality.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Antonina Chaban, Giancarlo Lanterna, Maria Cristina Gigli, Maurizio Becucci, Raffaella Fontana, Jana Striova
Summary: Meccatura is a historical gilding technique widely used in European art. The complexity of modern materials presents challenges for the study of traditional meccatura. Scientists and conservators are exploring non-invasive analytical approaches to investigate historical and modern mecca varnish recipes, their alteration, and aging.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Amandine Dispas, Pierre-Yves Sacre, Eric Ziemons, Philippe Hubert
Summary: This review provides an overview of the recent development of emerging technologies in pharmaceutical quality control, including vibrational spectroscopy, supercritical fluid chromatography, and multi-dimensional chromatography. The selected techniques are discussed using SWOT analysis and the applications in pharmaceutical quality control are also reviewed.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Laura E. Blue, Xiaoyan Guan, Marisa K. Joubert, Scott T. Kuhns, Stephanie Moore, David J. Semin, Mats Wikstrom, Jette Wypych, Chetan T. Goudar
Summary: The biopharmaceutical industry is rapidly evolving and requires advanced analytical approaches to characterize and release products. The PQAA and QTPP frameworks facilitate reliable manufacturing of high-quality products by translating molecular understanding into process and product-design targets. Recent advancements in mass spectrometry and NMR methods have improved product characterization and characterization of higher-order structures.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Vishwanath Hebbi, Garima Thakur, Anurag S. Rathore
Summary: This study utilized a combined spectroscopic and statistical approach to monitor and control the PEGylation reaction for G-CSF using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The online NIRS probe tracked the conversion of G-CSF into different PEGylated forms in real time, while the spectra were used to build a batch evolution model and detect deviations. The system successfully identified and corrected four common deviations in the PEGylation process, demonstrating the potential for quality by design framework in biotechnology manufacturing.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea Gabriela Crisan, Sonia Iurian, Alina Porfire, Lucia Maria Rus, Catalina Bogdan, Tibor Casian, Raluca Ciceo Lucacel, Alexandru Turza, Sebastian Porav, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop a flexible 3D printed immediate release tablet using fused deposition modeling (FDM), which allows for adjusting the dose of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) by scaling the size of the dosage form. Polyvinyl alcohol-based filaments with elevated API content were prepared and their printability was evaluated. Quality by Design (QbD) approach and Design of Experiments (DoE) were employed for the tablet fabrication step. The effects of tablet design, size, and layer height settings on drug release and API content were investigated. The honeycomb configuration was found to be suitable for preparing customizable API doses in immediate release dosage forms. A predictive model was developed to optimize the printing variables.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexandru Gavan, Bianca Sylvester, Alina Porfire, Sonia Iurian, Tibor Casian, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: This study aimed to develop NIR methods for monitoring powder blending process and predicting quality attributes of paliperidone tablets. A Partial Least Squares method was successfully developed for real-time monitoring of the blending process, while NIR methods for tablet hardness and paliperidone content prediction yielded satisfactory results through validation.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Aurelia Chis, Luca Liviu Rus, Claudiu Morgovan, Anca Maria Arseniu, Adina Frum, Andreea Loredana Vonica-Tincu, Felicia Gabriela Gligor, Maria Lucia Muresan, Carmen Maximiliana Dobrea
Summary: The effectiveness of antibiotics is severely impacted by antimicrobial resistance, with multidrug-resistant pathogens being a major public health concern. The main mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics include altering drug targets, preventing drug entry into cells, efflux pumps, or drug inactivation. Understanding and predicting resistance patterns can lead to better selection of active antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant infections.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Ruxandra Tefas, Ioana Toma, Alina Sesarman, Manuela Banciu, Ancuta Jurj, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe, Lucia Rus, Rares Stiufiuc, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a major cause of illness and death worldwide, and targeted elimination of both cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-CSCs is essential for successful treatment. This study developed and optimized a liposomal drug delivery system for co-loading the anti-CSC drug salinomycin (SAL) and the conventional anticancer drug gemcitabine (GEM). The co-loaded liposomes demonstrated sustained release of both drugs and superior in vitro cytotoxic effects compared to single GEM treatment, indicating that this combination therapy may be a promising strategy for treating colorectal cancer.
JOURNAL OF LIPOSOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana-Maria Vlase, Anca Toiu, Ioan Tomua, Laurian Vlase, Dana Muntean, Tibor Casian, Ionel Fizesan, George Cosmin Nadas, Cristianatefania Novac, Mircea Tamas, Gianina Crisan
Summary: This study evaluated the phytochemical profile and in vitro biological activity of five endemic Epilobium species in Romania. The extracts showed good antioxidant activity and antimicrobial potency against certain bacteria. They also exhibited potential anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. These findings support the traditional use of these endemic plants in Romanian folk medicine.
Article
Plant Sciences
Diana Antonia Safta, Irina Ielciu, Raffaela Sustic, Daniela Hanganu, Mihaela Niculae, Mihai Cenariu, Emoke Pall, Mirela Liliana Moldovan, Marcela Achim, Catalina Bogdan, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: This study assessed the phytochemical profile, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxic potential of hydroalcoholic extracts derived from Hamamelis virginiana leaves, Krameria lappacea root, and Salix alba bark, as well as their resulting herbal mixture. The extracts showed significant antimicrobial properties, with the mixture exhibiting the highest efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. None of the tested extracts demonstrated cytotoxicity in vitro. Furthermore, the herbal mixture was formulated into a cream for the nonpharmacological treatment of seborrheic dermatitis, with an optimal formulation identified through experimental analysis.
Article
Polymer Science
Alexandra-Iulia Baraian, Bogdan-Cezar Iacob, Olga Soritau, Ioan Tomuta, Lucia Ruxandra Tefas, Lucian Barbu-Tudoran, Sergiu Susman, Ede Bodoki
Summary: This study developed a drug reservoir based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the localized and sustained release of ruxolitinib within the tumor post-resection cavity, targeting residual infiltrative cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal tissue.
Article
Polymer Science
Elena Dinte, Rares Iuliu Iovanov, Andreea Elena Bodoki, Ioana Alina Colosi, Horatiu Alexandru Colosi, Nicoleta Tosa, Oliviu Vostinaru, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop a suitable mucoadhesive vaginal gel loaded with clotrimazole (CLT-MVG) for topical treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Ten CLT-MVG formulations were prepared and evaluated in vitro. The optimized formulation containing 0.89% Carbopol 940 and 1.39% PEO 1105 showed optimal rheological and in vitro bioadhesion properties, ensuring prolonged release of CLT and exhibited better antifungal activity compared to a marketed clotrimazole preparation.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Andrea Gabriela Crisan, Alina Porfire, Sonia Iurian, Lucia Maria Rus, Raluca Lucacel Ciceo, Alexandru Turza, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: This research aims to prepare 3D-printed tablets with sustained release of diclofenac sodium, using fused deposition modeling and hot-melt extrusion techniques. The study focuses on formulation and design strategies, including the use of polyvinyl alcohol as a multifaceted polymeric matrix, to enhance the applicability of the technique in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tryfon Digkas, Alina Porfire, Jeroen Van Renterghem, Aseel Samaro, Gheorghe Borodi, Chris Vervaet, Andrea Gabriela Crisan, Sonia Iurian, Thomas De Beer, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: The present study aimed to develop 3D printed dosage forms, using custom-made filaments loaded with diclofenac sodium (DS). The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the extruded filaments were investigated, and the dissolution behavior of the printed tablets was assessed. The results showed that the 3D printed tablets had a high release rate of DS, and the composition of the tablets affected the release rate.
Article
Horticulture
Maria-Beatrice Solcan, Ionel Fizesan, Laurian Vlase, Ana-Maria Vlase, Marius Emil Rusu, Letitia Mates, Andreea-Elena Petru, Ionut-Valentin Crestin, Ioan Tomuta, Daniela-Saveta Popa
Summary: This study explores the bioactive potential of young shoots from blackcurrant, European blueberry, and mountain cranberry, revealing their high levels of antioxidants, antimicrobial agents, and anti-inflammatory components. The optimized extracts display significant biological potential in vitro, providing valuable insights for therapeutic applications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dana Hales, Dana-Maria Muntean, Maria Adriana Neag, Bela Kiss, Maria-Georgia Stefan, Lucia Ruxandra Tefas, Ioan Tomuta, Alina Sesarman, Ioana-Adela Ratiu, Alina Porfire
Summary: This study investigates the effects of a curcumin-loaded oral-drug-delivery system in an experimental model of ulcerative colitis (UC). The results show that the system has a significant preventive effect in reducing oxidative stress caused by acetic acid. Histopathological assessment also confirms the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of this system.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lucia Ruxandra Tefas, Ioana Toma, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: An ideal cancer treatment should be able to eliminate all types of malignant cells, including rapidly replicating and quiescent stem-like cancer cells. Nano-delivery systems provide a safer and more efficient platform for combination therapy. The Quality by Design (QbD) approach can help develop robust and high-quality nanocarrier formulations.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ioana Toma, Lucia Ruxandra Tefas, Catalina Bogdan, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: This study used the Quality by Design (QbD) approach to develop a loratadine liposomal gel (LOR-L-G) and characterized its properties. The results demonstrated the applicability of the QbD approach in the development of LOR-L, and the obtained gel characteristics were suitable for the treatment of skin allergies.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tibor Casian, Andra Casian, Alexandru Gavan, Ioan Tomuta
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of dissolution media, device type, and stirring rate on the drug release mechanism of a hydrophilic matrix-based extended release system. The results showed that the dissolution media type influenced the release rate mainly by limiting solubility, while the stirring rate's effects depended on the device type, dissolution media, and product type. The selection of the device type was found to be crucial in developing an appropriate dissolution test, considering the sticking properties of the hydrophilic matrices.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Qian Wu, Li Tian, Xiangyu Shan, Huiling Li, Chao Li, Juan Lu
Summary: A novel ECL sensor was developed by modifying Fe3CuO4-Ru(bpy)3+ and GO-CdS@ZnS on the electrode for the detection of permethrin. The sensor exhibited high sensitivity and a wide detection range.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tingting Gong, Lei Liao, Bingying Jiang, Ruo Yuan, Yun Xiang
Summary: In this study, a fluorescent biosensing system for high sensitivity detection of MT was established using a new Ag+-stabilized DNA triplex probe (Ag+-SDTP) combined with catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and CRISPR/Cas12a signal enhancements. The sensing method is able to selectively detect MT from other non-specific molecules and can achieve low level detection of MT in diluted human serums, demonstrating its potential for monitoring disease-specific MT biomarker at trace levels.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Estrella Sanz Rodriguez, Kyra Wood, Paul R. Haddad, Brett Paull
Summary: This study presents a simple, rapid, and reliable method for determining boron in aqueous solutions using suppressed ion chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The method achieved a low limit of detection and demonstrated excellent analytical performance.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aline Cournut, Paul Moustiez, Yannick Coffinier, Christine Enjalbal, Claudia Bich
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major cause of senile dementia and is characterized by the aggregation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques in the brain. The A beta 1-42 peptide is considered the primary cause of neurotoxicity due to its insolubility and subsequent aggregation. A beta 1-42 and A beta 1-40 have been identified as relevant biomarkers for AD diagnosis, and SurfaceAssisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SALDI-MS) was used to monitor the A beta 1-42/A beta 1-40 ratio without prior sample treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dotse Selali Chormey, Buse Tugba Zaman, Tulay Borahan Kustanto, Sezin Erarpat Bodur, Suleyman Bodur, Elif Ozturk Er, Sezgin Bakirdere
Summary: This review provides an overview of the harmful effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health and introduces the methods for analyzing EDCs. Recent research has focused on using green chemicals, such as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), for microextraction to ensure environmental safety.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yan Zhang, Renfeng Xu, Jingjing Wu, Zhenghong Zhang, Yuhuang Wang, Hongqin Yang, Sheng Zhang
Summary: This study visualized the pore-like structures in prostate cancer cell membranes after treatment with the anticancer drug paclitaxel, demonstrating its mechanism of action related to oxidative damage.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chihong Ma, Qin Zhou, Jinjin Shi, Hua Gao, Di Huang, Huimin Xue, Han Wang, Zhenzhong Zhang, Sen Yang, Junli Zhang, Kaixiang Zhang
Summary: We developed a CRISPR-empowered electrochemical biosensor, named PER-E-CRISPR, for amplification-free and sensitive detection of miR-21. The biosensor combines the advantages of CRISPR/Cas13a and primer exchange reaction (PER) for target amplification. Under optimized conditions, the PER-E-CRISPR assay exhibits a linear range from 10-13 to 10-7 M and a limit of detection of 30.2 fM. The biosensor shows excellent performance in actual plasma, indicating promising prospects for miRNA detection in molecular diagnosis.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gang Liang, Jie Zhao, Yufei Gao, Tao Xie, Jianhui Zhen, Ligang Pan, Wenwen Gong
Summary: Molecular docking (MD) analysis is widely used for studying the interaction between aptamers and small molecules. This study established steady-state aptamers of tertiary structures (SATS) using specific aptamers of tetracycline antibiotics as docking models. Molecular docking results revealed multiple binding sites in the SATS of aptamers, with significant variations in binding free energy (BFE) and docking score (DS). The study also proposed a method for MD analysis based on SATS, providing insights into binding mode and predicting binding sites.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yixuan Xu, Changchang Teng, Huiping Dang, Dalong Yin, Lifeng Yan
Summary: Stable organic radical molecules with high NIR fluorescence quantum efficiency have been synthesized and encapsulated into nanoparticles, which show great potential for both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) of tumors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu Su, Dandan Yang, Yanjie Wang, Jie Ding, Lan Ding, Daqian Song
Summary: In this study, a highly selective molecularly imprinted polymer Cu-MIPs@CS was designed and synthesized for bisphenol A (BPA). Cu-MIPs@CS showed significantly enhanced imprinting factor and selective factor towards BPA compared to MIPs@CS. It also exhibited superior discrimination ability between BPA and its structural analogue. Additionally, Cu-MIPs@CS were successfully applied as a solid phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of BPA in drinking water samples.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yi Qiao, Qiongdan Zhang, Yukun He, Tianguang Cheng, Jing Tu
Summary: Single cell heterogeneity plays an important role in many biological phenomena, and distinguishing cells with specific mutations is beneficial for clinical diagnosis and drug screening. This study introduces a gel plate platform that can distinguish cell types based on their phenotypes, with low equipment requirement. The gel platform has potential in point-of-care circumstances and single-cell stimulation responses that prioritize efficiency and simplicity.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chengke Wang, Shuyang Sun, Ping Wang, Huawei Zhao, Wenling Li
Summary: The food safety of aquatic products is a global concern. Nanotechnology-based analyses have advantages in the detection of bacteria, metal ions, and small molecule contaminants. This review summarizes the recent advances in biosensing strategies for aquatic products and highlights the application of nanomaterials, lateral flow-based biosensors, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, microfluidic chips, and molecular imprinting technologies.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Liping Zhu, Zeng Tang, Xuemei Zhang, Li Zhu, Tian Meng, Linying Yu, Ting Xiao, Shasha Lu, Xiaoli Xiong, Xiurong Yang
Summary: A sensitive off-on electrochemiluminescence DNA sensor was developed using Exo III-assisted cascade amplification system. The sensor achieved high selectivity and ultra-high sensitivity in detecting target DNA by utilizing ECL and SPR effects. This study provides a new perspective for designing highly sensitive and programmable ECL biosensors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tong Li, Mengxu Sun, Suping Xia, Ting Huang, Rong-Tian Li, Chunrong Li, Zong Dai, Jin-Xiang Chen, Jun Chen, Nuan Jia
Summary: Here, we developed a binary system based on DNA tetrahedron and fluorogenic RNA aptamers for highly specific and label-free mRNA imaging in living cells. This system achieved high specificity label-free detection of nucleic acids with a detection limit of 1.34 nM. The method has potential applications in early disease diagnosis and new drug development.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yao Zhao, Shu Zhang, Wang Yao, Yuxuan Zhu, Jing Qian, Juan Yang, Nianjun Yang
Summary: A new hierarchical nanostructured composite with high conductivity and catalytic activity is synthesized. The sensor exhibits significant catalytic effect and high sensitivity for monitoring the environmental endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA).
