Journal
SENSORS
Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s17020205
Keywords
long period grating (LPG); volatile organic compounds (VOCs); phase matching turning point (PMTP); mesoporous film; layer-by-layer (LbL); p-sulphanato calix[8]arene (CA[8]); p-sulphanato calix[4]arene (CA[4])
Funding
- UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/H02252X/1, EP/L010437/1, EP/N025725/1]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/H02252X/1, EP/L010437/1, EP/N025725/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/L010437/1, EP/N025725/1, EP/H02252X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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A long period grating (LPG) modified with a mesoporous film infused with a calixarene as a functional compound was employed for the detection of individual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their mixtures. The mesoporous film consisted of an inorganic part, SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), along with an organic moiety of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) polycation PAH, which was finally infused with the functional compound, p-sulphanato calix[4] arene (CA[4]) or p-sulphanato calix[8] arene (CA[8]). The LPG sensor was designed to operate at the phase matching turning point to provide the highest sensitivity. The sensing mechanism is based on the measurement of the refractive index (RI) change induced by a complex of the VOCs with calixarene. The LPG, modified with a coating of 5 cycles of (SiO2 NPs/PAH) and infused with CA[4] or CA[8], was exposed to chloroform, benzene, toluene and acetone vapours. The British Standards test of the VOCs emissions from material (BS EN ISO 16000-9:2006) was used to test the LPG sensor performance.
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