Article
Oncology
Maneet Kaur, Corinne E. Joshu, Kala Visvanathan, Avonne E. Connor
Summary: Breast cancer incidence rates have been increasing across race/ethnicity and subgroups in the United States, with the highest average annual percent increases observed among non-Hispanic Black women. Non-Hispanic Black women and Hispanic women also showed significant increases in some subgroups.
Article
Oncology
Elizabeth Pan, Justin Shaya, Lisa Madlensky, J. Michael Randall, Frederick E. Millard, Brent Rose, J. Kellogg Parsons, Sarah M. Nielsen, Kathryn E. Hatchell, Edward D. Esplin, Robert L. Nussbaum, Nicole Weise, James Murphy, Maria Elena Martinez, Rana R. Mckay
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the rate of pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline alterations in Hispanic men with prostate cancer. The results showed that the rate of pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline alterations was similar between Hispanic and non-Hispanic white men, while the rate of variants of uncertain significance was significantly higher in Hispanic men.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cara L. Frankenfeld, Jahn K. Hakes, Timothy F. Leslie
Summary: This study used a large nationally representative population to evaluate the impact of racial and ethnic segregation on mortality rates, finding differences in associations based on race, ethnicity, and gender. Future research is needed to identify the specific structural mechanisms underlying these differences for more effective public health interventions.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Justin M. Feldman, Mary T. Bassett
Summary: Racial and ethnic inequities in COVID-19 mortality exist in the US, with significant disparities based on race, ethnicity, and educational attainment. If all groups had experienced the same mortality rates as college-educated non-Hispanic White individuals, there would have been a 48% reduction in COVID-19 deaths among adults aged 25 years or older.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pedro Giro, Jonathan w. Cunningham, Laura Rasmussen-torvik, Suzette j. Bielinski, Nicholas b. Larson, Laura a. Colangelo, David r. Jacobs Jr, Myron Gross, Alex p. Reiner, Donald m. Lloyd-jones, Xiuqing Guo, Kent Taylor, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Wendy s. Post, Alain Bertoni, Christie Ballantyne, Amil Shah, Brian Claggett, Eric Boerwinkle, Bing Yu, Scott d. Solomon, Sanjiv j. Shah, Ravi b. Patel
Summary: ICAM-1 genetic variants are associated with circulating ICAM-1 levels and incident heart failure.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Katherine VanHise, Jessica L. Chan, Sahar Wertheimer, Roy G. Handelsman, Ekaterina Clark, Rae Buttle, Erica T. Wang, Ricardo Azziz, Margareta D. Pisarska
Summary: This study compares women with PCOS in Alabama and California and finds geographical differences in hormonal and metabolic parameters. Women with PCOS in Alabama are more likely to have hirsutism and metabolic dysfunction, while women with PCOS in California are more likely to have hyperandrogenemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chirag M. Vyas, Charles F. Reynolds, Macarius Donneyong, David Mischoulon, Grace Chang, Nancy R. Cook, JoAnn E. Manson, Olivia I. Okereke
Summary: This study found associations between geographic region and the severity and symptom burden of late-life depression (LLD). Minority groups had higher LLD severity and symptom burden compared to non-Hispanic whites in certain regions. Racial/ethnic disparities in symptom burden varied by region, but there were no significant differences in depression care.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel H. Katz, Usman A. Tahir, Alexander G. Bick, Akhil Pampana, Debby Ngo, Mark D. Benson, Zhi Yu, Jeremy M. Robbins, Zsu-Zsu Chen, Daniel E. Cruz, Shuliang Deng, Laurie Farrell, Sumita Sinha, Alec A. Schmaier, Dongxiao Shen, Yan Gao, Michael E. Hall, Adolfo Correa, Russell P. Tracy, Peter Durda, Kent D. Taylor, Yongmei Liu, W. Craig Johnson, Xiuqing Guo, Jie Yao, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Ani W. Manichaikul, Deepti Jain, Claude Bouchard, Mark A. Sarzynski, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome I. Rotter, Thomas J. Wang, James G. Wilson, Pradeep Natarajan, Robert E. Gerszten
Summary: This study used whole genome sequencing to analyze the plasma proteome in individuals with greater African ancestry, identifying novel genetic determinants of cardiovascular diseases and uncovering new biological mechanisms specific to African ancestry.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linda Kachuri, Thomas J. Hoffmann, Yu Jiang, Sonja I. Berndt, John P. Shelley, Kerry R. Schaffer, Mitchell J. Machiela, Neal D. Freedman, Wen-Yi Huang, Shengchao A. Li, Ryder Easterlin, Phyllis J. Goodman, Cathee Till, Ian Thompson, Hans Lilja, Stephen K. Van Den Eeden, Stephen J. Chanock, Christopher A. Haiman, David V. Conti, Robert J. Klein, Jonathan D. Mosley, Rebecca E. Graff, John S. Witte
Summary: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer remains controversial due to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. However, accounting for genetic determinants of PSA variation may improve screening accuracy.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sahai Donaldson, Alicia N. Thomas, Richard F. Gillum, Alem Mehari
Summary: From 1999 to 2018, the greatest disparity in influenza and pneumonia mortality rates between non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) was observed in central metropolitan areas of Health & Human Services (HHS) regions 2 and 9 in the United States.
Article
Psychiatry
Jordan DeVylder, Deidre Anglin, Michelle R. Munson, Atsushi Nishida, Hans Oh, Jonathan Marsh, Zui Narita, Natalie Bareis, Lisa Fedina
Summary: Psychotic disorders are unevenly distributed by race in the United States. Hispanic and Black respondents reported higher rates of psychotic experiences, with hallucinations more commonly reported by the Hispanic respondents. These racial disparities in psychotic experiences are explained by socioenvironmental risk factors such as income, education, urban/rural living, discrimination, and trauma exposure.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benedikt Hoeh, Christoph Wuernschimmel, Rocco Simone Flammia, Benedikt Horlemann, Gabriele Sorce, Francesco Chierigo, Zhe Tian, Fred Saad, Markus Graefen, Michele Gallucci, Alberto Briganti, Carlo Terrone, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Derya Tilki, Luis A. Kluth, Philipp Mandel, Felix K. H. Chun, Pierre Karakiewicz
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of chemotherapy in de novo metastatic prostate cancer patients according to race/ethnicity in the North American population. The results showed that Caucasian and Asian patients had the greatest overall survival benefit from chemotherapy, while no overall survival benefit was observed in African-American and Hispanic/Latino patients. Further studies are needed to address these race/ethnicity specific disparities.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Baylee F. Bakkila, Daniel Kerekes, Marcella Nunez-Smith, Kevin G. Billingsley, Nita Ahuja, Karen Wang, Carol Oladele, Caroline H. Johnson, Sajid A. Khan
Summary: This study found significant racial disparities in the surgical care of gastrointestinal tract cancers, with black patients being less likely than white patients to receive standard care in terms of negative surgical margins, adequate lymphadenectomies, and use of adjuvant therapies.
Article
Oncology
Farhad Islami, Jordan Baeker Bispo, Hyunjung Lee, Daniel Wiese, K. Robin Yabroff, Priti Bandi, Kirsten Sloan, Alpa V. Patel, Elvan C. Daniels, Arif H. Kamal, Carmen E. Guerra, William L. Dahut, Ahmedin Jemal
Summary: The American Cancer Society has published a report on cancer disparities in the United States, highlighting the significant variations in cancer occurrence and outcomes based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and geographic location. Black and American Indian/Alaska Native individuals face higher cancer mortality rates, and education level and residential area also contribute to these disparities. The report emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health and implementing equitable policies and interventions to reduce cancer disparities.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Farhad Islami, Carmen E. Guerra, Adair Minihan, K. Robin Yabroff, Stacey A. Fedewa, Kirsten Sloan, Tracy L. Wiedt, Blake Thomson, Rebecca L. Siegel, Nigar Nargis, Robert A. Winn, Lisa Lacasse, Laura Makaroff, Elvan C. Daniels, Alpa Patel, William G. Cance, Ahmedin Jemal
Summary: This report provides comprehensive data on disparities in cancer occurrence, risk factors, and access to preventive measures and screening in the US. Policy recommendations are made to reduce these inequalities, emphasizing the need for broad implementation of evidence-based interventions to address social inequities and systemic racism.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ilir Agalliu, Wei-Kaung Jerry Lin, Janice S. Zhang, Judith S. Jacobson, Thomas E. Rohan, Ben Adusei, Nana Yaa F. Snyper, Caroline Andrews, Elkhansa Sidahmed, James E. Mensah, Richard Biritwum, Andrew A. Adjei, Victoria Okyne, Joana Ainuson-Quampah, Pedro Fernandez, Hayley Irusen, Emeka Odiaka, Oluyemisi Folake Folasire, Makinde Gabriel Ifeoluwa, Oseremen Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Maxwell Madueke Nwegbu, Audrey Pentz, Wenlong Carl Chen, Maureen Joffe, Alfred Neugut, Thierno Amadou Diallo, Mohamed Jalloh, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Akindele Olupelumi Adebiyi, Ann W. Hsing
Summary: African men are disproportionately affected by prostate cancer, with a high prevalence of overall and central obesity being associated with intermediate-risk PCa. Large cohort studies are needed to further clarify the role of obesity and PCa in diverse African populations.
CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Catherine R. Marinac, Dong Hoon Lee, Graham A. Colditz, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Bernard Rosner, Mark Bustoros, Irene M. Ghobrial, Brenda M. Birmann
Summary: Aspirin use may reduce the risk of multiple myeloma-specific mortality and have a positive impact on overall survival. This study provides valuable information for the use of aspirin as a therapeutic option in multiple myeloma patients.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Audrey H. Calderwood, Mandeep S. Sawhney, Nirav C. Thosani, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Sachin Wani, Marcia Canto, Douglas S. Fishman, Talia Golan, Manuel Hidalgo, Richard S. Kwon, Douglas L. Riegert-Johnson, Dushyant Sahani, Elena M. Stoffel, Charles M. Vollmer, Mohammad A. Al-Haddad, Stuart K. Amateau, James L. Buxbaum, Christopher J. DiMaio, Larissa L. Fujii-Lau, Laith H. Jamil, Terry L. Jue, Joanna K. Law, Jeffrey K. Lee, Mariam Naveed, Swati Pawa, Andrew C. Storm, Bashar J. Qumseya
Summary: This guideline aims to provide best practice recommendations to standardize patient care, improve patient outcomes, and reduce variability in practice. Clinical decision-making should be based on a clinician's judgment and various factors. This document is not a legal standard or support for medical complaints or litigation.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mandeep S. Sawhney, Audrey H. Calderwood, Nirav C. Thosani, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Sachin Wani, Marcia Canto, Douglas S. Fishman, Talia Golan, Manuel Hidalgo, Richard S. Kwon, Douglas L. Riegert-Johnson, Dushyant Sahani, Elena M. Stoffel, Charles M. Vollmer, Bashar J. Qumseya
Summary: The purpose of these guidelines is to provide best practice recommendations to standardize patient care, improve patient outcomes, and reduce variability in practice. However, they are not a substitute for a clinician's judgment, and clinical decisions should be based on multiple factors.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Chris Labaki, Andrew Lachlan Schmidt, Ziad Bakouny, Muhieddine Labban, Talal El Zarif, Steven Lee Chang, Bradley Alexander McGregor, Adam S. Kibel, Timothy Rebbeck, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Toni K. Choueiri
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shivanshu Awasthi, Brandon A. Mahal, Jong Y. Park, Jordan H. Creed, Vonetta L. Williams, Asmaa Elkenawi, Sylvester O. Meadows, Julio M. Pow-Sang, Grace Lu-Yao, Wm. Kevin Kelly, Damaris-Lois Y. Lang, Janice Zgibor, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Kosj Yamoah
Summary: Evidence suggests that Black men with low-risk prostate cancer may have a higher risk of Gleason score reclassification compared to White men, particularly in extreme reclassification. Additionally, the time to treatment can non-linearly impact Gleason reclassification in Black men.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Crosby, Sangeeta Bhatia, Kevin M. Brindle, Lisa M. Coussens, Caroline Dive, Mark Emberton, Sadik Esener, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Sanjiv S. Gambhir, Peter Kuhn, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Shankar Balasubramanian
Summary: Early detection of cancer is crucial for improving survival rates, but unfortunately, a significant number of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Overcoming various challenges is essential to achieve early detection for all cancers, including understanding high-risk individuals, elucidating the biology and trajectory of precancer and early cancer, and developing sensitive and specific detection technologies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Naseem Cassim, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Deborah K. Glencross, Jaya A. George
Summary: The study used laboratory data to describe PSA testing trends for PHC services in a single province, finding a significant increase in the number of men tested from 2006 to 2016, with the majority of tests being conducted for men in the 50-59 age category and Black Africans. PSA levels increased with age, and the proportion of men with PSA >= 4 mu g/L increased with age, with significant differences in the probability of having PSA >= 4 mu g/L among different racial groups.
Article
Oncology
Nathan Oehrlein, Samantha A. Streicher, Huai-Ching Kuo, Avinash Chaurasia, Jacob McFadden, Darryl Nousome, Yongmei Chen, Sean P. Stroup, John Musser, Timothy Brand, Christopher Porter, Inger L. Rosner, Gregory T. Chesnut, Kayla C. Onofaro, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Anthony D'Amico, Grace Lu-Yao, Jennifer Cullen
Summary: This study found that African American patients had a shorter survival time after prostate cancer treatment, but no significant difference was observed between African American and Caucasian American patients in the time from biochemical recurrence to metastasis and metastasis to overall death in an equal access healthcare setting.
Article
Oncology
Kevin H. Kensler, Shakuntala Baichoo, Shailja Pathania, Timothy R. Rebbeck
Summary: Carriers of germline BRCA2 pathogenic sequence variants have an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer, and may benefit from precision oncology treatments. This study found distinct genomic alterations between BRCA2-deficient (BRCA2(d)) and BRCA2-intact (BRCA2(i)) prostate tumors, which are associated with etiological and prognostic differences.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Louise K. Makau-Barasa, Achille Manirakiza, Andre L. Carvalho, Timothy R. Rebbeck
Summary: Prostate cancer mortality is predicted to increase in Sub-Saharan Africa due to the lack of screening and late-stage diagnosis. This study examined the availability and use of screening, diagnostic, and treatment guidelines for prostate cancer in SSA countries. The findings suggest that PSA and DRE exams are available for early detection, but there are concerns about overdiagnosis and overtreatment. National policies should consider multiple factors to ensure access to relevant and safe care.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kevin H. Kensler, Shivanshu Awasthi, Mohamed Alshalalfa, Bruce J. Trock, Stephen J. Freedland, Michael R. Freeman, Sungyong You, Brandon A. Mahal, Robert B. Den, Adam P. Dicker, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Eric A. Klein, Priti Lal, Yang Liu, Elai Davicioni, Walter Rayford, Kosj Yamoah, Timothy R. Rebbeck
Summary: This study investigates the impact of self-identified race on prostate cancer subtypes and genomic aggressiveness. The results show that specific subtypes are more common among Black men, while other subtypes are more common among White men.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Abraham van Wyk, Timothy Rebbeck, Brian Robinson, Olufemi Ogunbiyi, Olabode Oluwole, Lynnette Kyokunda, Cherif Dial, Afua Abrahams, Frederick Hobenu, Sun Woo Kim, Massimo Loda, Priti Lal
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Pathology
Abraham van Wyk, Timothy Rebbeck, Brian Robinson, Olufemi Ogunbiyi, Olabode Oluwole, Lynnette Kyokunda, Cherif Dial, Afua Abrahams, Frederick Hobenu, Sun Woo Kim, Massimo Loda, Priti Lal
Article
Oncology
Anna Plym, Miklos Diossy, Zoltan Szallasi, Oliver Sartor, Jonathan Silberstein, Isaac J. Powell, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Kathryn L. Penney, Lorelei A. Mucci, Mark M. Pomerantz, Adam S. Kibel
Summary: This study found that altered DNA damage response (DDR) is an important mechanism for the development of aggressive prostate cancer in both African American and European American men. Lethal cases were more likely to carry pathogenic sequence variants in DDR genes, and three DDR pathways were significantly associated with lethal disease.
JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM
(2022)
