Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
S. Khoshtinat, V Carvelli, C. Marano
Summary: This study focuses on the application of highly hygroscopic polymers as humidity responsive self-actuators, with a specific focus on moisture diffusion in cellulose acetate. The research found a linear relationship between moisture concentration and relative humidity, and confirmed the reliability of finite element simulations for non-Fickian diffusion through experiments.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Manjun Li, Binghan Xue, Hongyuan Fang, Shu Zhang, Fuming Wang
Summary: Polyurethane grouting is widely used in projects. This study conducted variable angle shear tests and digital image correlation technology to investigate the failure process and shear properties of polyurethane-bentonite composite specimens. Finite element simulation was also performed. The results showed that the greater the shear angle, the higher the shear strength of the specimens. The normal component had a positive effect on the shear strength. The linear relationship between normal stress and tangential stress provided information on the cohesion and internal friction angle of the specimens. The finite element simulation results were consistent with the experimental results, contributing to the understanding of the shear properties at the interface between polyurethane and bentonite.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Konstantinos G. Lyras, Jack Lee
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of various CFD solvers for modeling arterial flow in stenosed arteries. The accuracy of solver predictions varied depending on the complexity of artery geometries, with disagreements growing in more complex scenarios. The choice of CFD solver may impact clinical recommendations for diseased arteries, highlighting the importance of considering application-specific factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Jiri Svoboda, David Masin, Jan Najser, Radek Vasicek, Irena Hanusova, Lucie Hausmannova
Summary: This paper mainly introduces the use of clay materials such as bentonites as a buffer and backfill for high-level radioactive waste disposal. The design is based on mathematical models that are validated using laboratory data. The laboratory research aims to determine the hydromechanical properties and stress path behavior of BCV bentonite. The results show that the behavior is influenced by stress path and water introduction method, and that micro- and macrostructures have a significant impact on material properties and mathematical models. A hypoplastic model is implemented and validated to predict the behavior of bentonite in nuclear waste repositories.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jianjun Li, Tianyu Chen, Tingting Chen, Zhong Yun, Xiaodong Xia
Summary: A finite element model was established to investigate the deformation of bimodal structured copper during scratch test, showing that bimodal nanostructures can achieve a lower coefficient of friction by adjusting the grain size and volume fraction of the hard and soft domains.
The study found that the heterogeneity of bimodal nanostructures can effectively restrain strain localization, leading to reduced coefficient of friction and a better balance of high strength and low COF.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jagan Selvaraj, Luiz F. Kawashita, Mehdi Yasaee, Gordon Kalwak, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: A novel cohesive element formulation is proposed for modelling composite delamination, offering increased stability and requiring fewer elements. This new formulation combines nodal rotations and multiple integration points to improve the accuracy of delamination propagation simulation.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Troy Shilt, Patrick J. O'Hara, Jack J. McNamara
Summary: The article explores the alleviation of spurious oscillations introduced by traditional finite element methods in advection dominated problems through a generalized finite element formulation. This method is demonstrated to effectively capture boundary layer development and provide smooth numerical solutions with improved error levels compared to traditional formulations. Insights into the improvements offered by the generalized finite element method are further illuminated through a consistent decomposition of the variational multiscale method for comparison with classical stabilized methods.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Irene P. Zhang, Gilad N. Cohen, Antonio L. Damato
Summary: This study aims to develop a flexible finite element method to solve the Diffusion-Leakage (D-L) model and validate previous solutions. A two-dimensional finite element solution to the D-L model is developed and implemented using the FEniCS software library. The local dose in the mid- and axial planes of the source is calculated and validated against previously proposed numerical schemes, DART1D and DART2D.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Huaidong Yang, Itzhak Green
Summary: This study develops a comprehensive adhesion model using finite element analysis for a deformable hemisphere under fretting conditions. The model combines normal adhesion based on JKR model and tangential resistance based on shear strength and surface free energy, implemented through interfacial bilinear springs. The research shows that while spring breakage may be gradual or avalanching, the tangential resistance effect is robust and not affected by meshing or spring settings, with significant plastic deformation and energy losses observed.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Tongming Qu, Shaoheng Guan, Y. T. Feng, Gang Ma, Wei Zhou, Jidong Zhao
Summary: This study aims to develop a deep active learning strategy to improve the data-driven constitutive modelling of granular materials. The results confirm the importance of active learning in this field and suggest its potential application in other data-centric applications in various science and engineering fields.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Sandra Baltic, Julien Magnien, Stefan Kolitsch, Hans-Peter Gaenser, Thomas Antretter, Rene Hammer
Summary: The research successfully simulated two different failure modes in structures with precracks using ductile fracture locus models and local damage/element deletion approach, with detailed explanations of the failure process.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Zhiwei Gao, Dechun Lu, Yue Hou, Xin Li
Summary: Sand liquefaction under static and dynamic loading can lead to the failure of crucial infrastructure, such as embankments, slopes, and bridges. It can also cause submarine landslides and tsunamis. The internal soil structure's fabric anisotropy, including particle orientation, force network, and void space, plays a significant role in sand liquefaction. We propose a constitutive model that considers the effect of anisotropy on sand liquefaction and validate it with extensive test results on Toyoura sand. The model also investigates the response of sand ground under earthquake loading, demonstrating that sand with horizontal bedding plane has the highest resistance to liquefaction.
JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Joshua Priest, Hassan Ghadbeigi, Sabino Avar-Soberanis, Stefanos Gerardis
Summary: A comprehensive benchmarking study was conducted to evaluate the influence of mesh formulation and chip separation methods on the finite element modeling of large diameter drilling operations. The study found that the updated-Lagrangian with dynamic re-meshing method provided the most accurate predictions, while the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method under-predicted drilling thrust force and torque. The method with element deletion was not recommended due to numerical instabilities and computational costs.
CIRP JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
O. Barrera
Summary: This paper presents a unified mathematical and computational framework for mechanics-coupled anomalous transport phenomena in porous media, discussing the impact of variable permeability on anomalous diffusion and the influence of a fractional pore pressure diffusion equation on diffusion transient phenomena. The research demonstrates the possibility of solving 3D consolidation problems of large scale structures by implementing the fractional pore pressure diffusion equation in a finite element framework with discretised fractional derivatives.
COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bo Yu, Gan-zhan Ling, Zhi-hong Fan, Zheng Chen, LuFeng Yang
Summary: An efficient finite element model for 2D time-dependent chloride diffusion was proposed in this study, utilizing lumped concentration matrix and Pade series expansion technology to enhance computational accuracy and efficiency, while overcoming stability issues encountered in traditional models.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pulin K. Mondal, Paul D. Furbacher, Ziteng Cui, Magdalena M. Krol, Brent E. Sleep
JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
N. Giroud, Y. Tomonaga, P. Wersin, S. Briggs, F. King, T. Vogt, N. Diomidis
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Negar Daemi, Magdalena M. Krol
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ian L. Molnar, Kevin G. Mumford, Magdalena M. Krol
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peter G. Keech, Mehran Behazin, W. Jeffrey Binns, Scott Briggs
Summary: In 2012, the Nuclear Waste Management Organization developed a comprehensive proof test plan to evaluate the feasibility and safety of their copper-coated used fuel container for a proposed deep geological repository. Research focuses on evaluating various copper corrosion mechanisms and aims to refine a maximum copper corrosion allowance of <1.27 mm over a one million year emplacement.
MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Scott Briggs, Christina Lilja, Fraser King
Summary: A probabilistic pitting model is developed for predicting perforation corrosion probabilities in water-saturated bentonite under aerobic conditions. The model indicates that environments under passive conditions may lead to pitting in the first few years, primarily influenced by oxygen availability.
MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gurpreet Kaur, Magdalena Krol, Satinder Kaur Brar
Summary: Geothermal heating as a renewable energy technology is gaining popularity, especially in countries like Canada. However, there is limited understanding of its impact on the subsurface environment, necessitating further research to explore potential environmental effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yaoting Zhang, Jeremy Oestreicher, W. Jeffrey Binns, Scott Briggs, Chang Seok Kim, Laurent K. Beland
Summary: A coarse-grained mesoscale model of sodium montmorillonite was developed in this study, featuring optimized two-body potentials for particle interactions to successfully simulate its elastic properties and pore network. The simulated elastic properties obtained using this mesoscale model agree with experimental values.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sifat Azad Papry, Tarek L. Rashwan, Pulin K. Mondal, Mehran Behazin, Peter G. Keech, Magdalena M. Krol
Summary: This study investigates the sorption behavior of bisulfide (HS-) onto bentonite, and finds that HS- sorption occurs faster and has a higher equilibrium sorption capacity at higher temperatures. The study also suggests that the irreversible sorption of HS- onto bentonite may be due to the chemical reactions between HS- and the iron present in bentonite, forming iron monosulfide (FeS). These findings provide critical information to better understand the sorption mechanism of HS- on bentonite and reduce HS- transport in deep geological repositories.
APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gurpreet Kaur, Joanna Lecka, Magdalena Krol, Satinder Kaur Brar
Summary: This study examined the feasibility of using geothermal heating to enhance the bioremediation of BTEX pollutants. Bacterial strains with high degradation ability were isolated from soil at different depths and identified as novel BTEX-degrading strains, except for Bacillus subtilis. Results showed that higher temperatures can stimulate biodegradation, suggesting that geothermal heating could be a potential stimulant for in-situ bioremediation.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Scott Briggs, Bryan W. Karney, Brent E. Sleep
JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Scott Briggs, Jennifer McKelvie, Peter Keech, Brent Sleep, Magdalena Krol
CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Toshimi Nakajima, Mao Kuragano, Makoto Yamada, Ryo Sugimoto
Summary: This study compared the contribution of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to river nutrient budgets at nearshore and embayment scales, and found that SGD-derived nutrients become more important at larger spatial scales.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Liu, Lei Zhang, Chongyang Zhang, Ziguang Chen, Jingguang Li
Summary: NO2 emissions from wall-mounted gas stoves used for household heating have become a significant source of indoor pollution in Chinese urban areas. The high indoor concentration of NO2 poses potential health risks to residents. It is urgently necessary to establish relevant regulations and implement emission reduction technologies to reduce NO2 emissions from wall-mounted gas stoves.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Letter
Environmental Sciences
Hans Peter H. Arp, Raoul Wolf, Sarah E. Hale, Sivani Baskaran, Juliane Gluege, Martin Scheringer, Xenia Trier, Ian T. Cousins, Harrie Timmer, Roberta Hofman-Caris, Anna Lennquist, Andre D. Bannink, Gerard J. Stroomberg, Rosa M. A. Sjerps, Rosa Montes, Rosario Rodil, Jose Benito Quintana, Daniel Zahn, Herve Gallard, Tobias Mohr, Ivo Schliebner, Michael Neumann
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Philomina Onyedikachi Peter, Binessi Edouard Ifon, Francois Nkinahamira, Kayode Hassan Lasisi, Jiangwei Li, Anyi Hu, Chang-Ping Yu
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in sediments from Yundang Lagoon, China. The results show four distinct fluorescent components, with protein-like substances being the most prevalent. Additionally, the total fluorescence intensity and LREE concentrations exhibit a synchronized increase from Outer to Inner to Songbai Lake core sediments. The findings demonstrate a strong correlation between DOM content and pollution levels.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Surya Gupta, Pasquale Borrelli, Panos Panagos, Christine Alewell
Summary: The objective of this study is to incorporate soil hydraulic properties into the erodibility factor (K) of USLE-type models. By modifying and improving the existing equations for soil texture and permeability, the study successfully included information on saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) into the calculation of K factor. Using the Random Forest machine learning algorithm, two independent K factor maps with different spatial resolutions were generated. The results show that the decrease in K factor values has a positive impact on the modeling of soil erosion rates.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jesmin Akter, Wendy J. M. Smith, Yawen Liu, Ilho Kim, Stuart L. Simpson, Phong Thai, Asja Korajkic, Warish Ahmed
Summary: The choice of workflow in wastewater surveillance has a significant impact on SARS-CoV-2 concentrations, while having minimal effects on HF183 and no effect on HAdV 40/41 concentrations. Certain components in the workflow can be interchangeable, but factors such as buffer type, chloroform, and homogenization speed can affect the recovery of viruses and bacteria.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Luo, Xueting Yang, Diwei Wang, Hongmei Xu, Hongai Zhang, Shasha Huang, Qiyuan Wang, Ningning Zhang, Junji Cao, Zhenxing Shen
Summary: Atmospheric PM2.5, which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), is associated with cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality. The study found that both the mass concentration of PM2.5 and the DTT activity were higher during the heating season than during the nonheating season. Combustion sources were the primary contributors to DTT activity during the heating season, while secondary formation dominated during the nonheating season. The study also revealed that biomass burning had the highest inherent oxidation potential among all sources investigated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Erin L. Murphy, Leah R. Gerber, Chelsea M. Rochman, Beth Polidoro
Summary: Plastic pollution has devastating consequences for marine organisms. This study uses a trait-based framework to develop a vulnerability index for marine mammals, seabirds, and sea turtles in Hawai'i. The index ranks 63 study species based on their vulnerability to macroplastic pollution, providing valuable information for species monitoring and management priorities.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kenji Maurice, Amelia Bourceret, Sami Youssef, Stephane Boivin, Liam Laurent-Webb, Coraline Damasio, Hassan Boukcim, Marc-Andre Selosse, Marc Ducousso
Summary: Growing pressure from climate change and agricultural land use is destabilizing soil microbial community interactions. Little is known about microbial community resistance and adaptation to disturbances, hindering our understanding of recovery latency and implications for ecosystem functioning. This study found that anthropic disturbance and natural disturbance have different effects on the topology and stability of soil microbial networks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunhao Li, Yali Feng, Haoran Li, Yisong Yao, Chenglong Xu, Jinrong Ju, Ruiyu Ma, Haoyu Wang, Shiwei Jiang
Summary: Deep-sea mining poses a serious threat to marine ecosystems and human health by disturbing sediment and transmitting metal ions through the food chain. This study developed a new regenerative adsorption material, OMN@SA, which effectively removes metal ions. The adsorption mechanism and performance of the material for metal ion fixation were investigated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Antonio Medici, Margherita Lavorgna, Marina Isidori, Chiara Russo, Elena Orlo, Giovanni Luongo, Giovanni Di Fabio, Armando Zarrelli
Summary: Valsartan, a widely used antihypertensive drug, has been detected in high concentrations in surface waters due to its unchanged excretion and incomplete degradation in wastewater treatment plants. This study investigated the degradation of valsartan and identified 14 degradation byproducts. The acute and chronic toxicity of these byproducts were evaluated in key organisms in the freshwater trophic chain.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiang Lin, Lianbao Chi, Qing Yuan, Busu Li, Mingbao Feng
Summary: This study investigated the photodegradation behavior and product formation of two representative pharmaceuticals in simulated estuary water. The study found that the formed transformation products of these pharmaceuticals have potential toxicity on marine organisms, including oxidative stress and damage to cellular components.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hua Fang, Dongdong Jiang, Ye He, Siyi Wu, Yuehong Li, Ziqi Zhang, Haoting Chen, Zixin Zheng, Yan Sun, Wenxiang Wang
Summary: This study revealed that exposure to lower levels of air pollutants led to decreased pregnancy rates, with PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO emerging as the four most prominent pollutants. Individuals aged 35 and above exhibited heightened susceptibility to pollutants.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ali Shaan Manzoor Ghumman, Rashid Shamsuddin, Amin Abbasi, Mohaira Ahmad, Yoshiaki Yoshida, Abdul Sami, Hamad Almohamadi
Summary: In this study, inverse vulcanized polysulfides (IVP) were synthesized by reacting molten sulfur with 4-vinyl benzyl chloride, and then functionalized using N-methyl D-glucamine (NMDG). The functionalized IVP showed a high mercury adsorption capacity and a machine learning model was developed to predict the amount of mercury removed. Furthermore, the functionalized IVP can be regenerated and reused, providing a sustainable and cost-effective adsorbent.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rita Bonfiglio, Renata Sisto, Stefano Casciardi, Valeria Palumbo, Maria Paola Scioli, Erica Giacobbi, Francesca Servadei, Gerry Melino, Alessandro Mauriello, Manuel Scimeca
Summary: This study investigated the presence of aluminum in human colon cancer samples and its potential association with biological processes involved in cancer progression. Aluminum was found in tumor areas of 24% of patients and was associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell death. Additional analyses revealed higher tumor mutational burden and mutations in genes related to EMT and apoptosis in aluminum-positive colon cancers. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of aluminum toxicity may improve strategies for the management of colon cancer patients.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)