Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin Schroeder, Sabine Kahl, Michael Roden
Summary: Individuals with obesity or type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with altered adipose tissue function and hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction playing key roles in the pathogenesis. Genetic testing for high-risk individuals, particularly for the rs738409(G) SNP of the PNPLA3 gene, could improve future screening strategies.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lowell Dilworth, Aldeam Facey, Felix Omoruyi
Summary: Adipose tissues, particularly brown and white adipose tissues, play key roles in communication and insulin sensitivity in the development and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Adipocytokines produced by adipose tissues, like leptin and adiponectin, vary in conditions such as metabolic dysfunction, diabetes, and inflammation. The regulation of satiety, energy metabolism, and insulin release by adipose tissues indicates their significance in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xiaoyun He, Gaoyan Kuang, Yongrong Wu, Chunlin Ou
Summary: Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by cells and can carry various cargo including RNA, DNA, proteins, and metabolites. Studies have shown that exosomal microRNAs play a crucial role in the progression of diseases such as diabetes mellitus, affecting processes like pancreatic beta-cell injury and insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in diabetes mellitus can provide valuable insights for identifying diagnostic biomarkers and drug targets.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Faraz Alizadeh, Amanda O'Halloran, Areej Alghamdi, Charlotte Chen, Maria Trissal, Avram Traum, Danielle DeCourcey
Summary: This is a novel case of a 16-month-old boy with a rare combination of prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction, microcephaly, pachygyria, agenesis of the corpus callosum, postnatal embolic stroke, new-onset diabetes mellitus with diabetic ketoacidosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, and atypical hemolytic syndrome (aHUS). The patient showed remarkable insulin resistance before aHUS diagnosis, which improved after eculizumab therapy, suggesting a potential connection between COVID-19 and complement-mediated microangiopathic thrombotic disease. Whole-exome sequencing did not reveal a clear etiology for aHUS, indicating that this could be a case of COVID-19-triggered aHUS rather than an idiopathic one unmasked by the infection.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert Modzelewski, Magdalena Maria Stefanowicz-Rutkowska, Wojciech Matuszewski, Elzbieta Maria Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, affecting approximately 15% of pregnancies worldwide. It increases the risk of complications and may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes in both the mother and infant. The increasing incidence of GDM also poses a significant economic burden.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jung Eun Yoo, Dahye Kim, Kyungdo Han, Sang Youl Rhee, Dong Wook Shin, Hyun Lee
Summary: The study found that there is an association between diabetes status and the development of tuberculosis. Individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of developing tuberculosis compared to those without diabetes, and the risk of tuberculosis increases with longer duration of diabetes.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jingqian Su, Lu Tang, Yingsheng Luo, Jingran Xu, Songying Ouyang
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the structure and function of INSR and IRS proteins, as well as the drugs used for the treatment of diabetes. It serves as a valuable reference for the advancement of novel therapeutic agents for diabetes management.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jing Zhou, Tongyu Wu, Chun Li, Zhuozhou Hu, Liang Han, Xiangxiang Li, Jingjing Liu, Wenyang Zhao, Jia Kang, Xinping Chen
Summary: This study aims to find a new potential method and mechanism for the treatment of DM. The findings suggest that alfuzosin can improve oxidative stress, glycative stress, and insulin resistance. In a HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mouse model, alfuzosin reduces fasting blood glucose and improves insulin sensitivity, and it achieves this by activating PGK1 to stimulate the AKT signaling pathway.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yinai Liu, Qianqian Chen, Yaoqi Li, Liuliu Bi, Zhiying He, Chuxiao Shao, Libo Jin, Renyi Peng, Xingxing Zhang
Summary: Diabetes is a serious disease that threatens global human health. Insulin is the most effective treatment, but it can cause hypoglycemia and insulin resistance. Recent studies have found that fibroblast growth factors can safely and effectively reduce hyperglycemia, providing a new approach for diabetes treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohammad Reza Nazem, Mojgan Asadi, Maryam Adelipour, Niloofar Jabbari, Abdolamir Allameh
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of zinc supplementation on oxidative status and glycaemic parameters in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results showed that zinc supplementation for 8 weeks significantly improved the oxidative balance and controlled the glycaemic indices in these patients.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shafaque Mehboob, Moona Mehboob, Mehjabeen, S. M. Tariq Rafi, Tariq Khan, Humaira Anser, Shaheen Perveen, Noor Jahan, Asma Wazir, Farah Owais
Summary: The study revealed a potential interaction between glibenclamide or metformin with levocetirizine, impacting the availability and effectiveness of each drug. Therefore, co-administration of these drugs should be avoided and further investigations at clinical and pre-clinical levels are recommended.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lixia Shen, Dongyu Wang, Yihong Huang, Lisha Ye, Caixia Zhu, Shaofeng Zhang, Shiqin Cai, Zilian Wang, Haitian Chen
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between lipid profiles and insulin indices as well as the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women. The results showed that triglycerides (TG) were consistently correlated with insulin indices and glucose metabolism indices. Persistently high TG levels were independent risk factors for persistent insulin resistance (IR) and second-trimester IR alone. Lowering TG levels in early and middle pregnancy could help reduce the risk of developing IR.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinmei Huang, Bingbing Zha, Manna Zhang, Yue Li, Yueyue Wu, Rui Zhang, Li Sheng, Jiong Xu, Zhiyan Yu, Cuijun Gao, Zaoping Chen, Heyuan Ding, Ling Ma, Yanquan Zhang, Shufei Zang, Tie-Ning Zhang, Jun Liu
Summary: The study found that decreased monocyte count throughout pregnancy was closely associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), macrosomia, and the chronic inflammatory state of GDM. First-trimester monocyte count performed better as a risk factor and diagnostic predictor of GDM and macrosomia compared to second and third trimester counts.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mengjiao Wang, Min Chen, Rui Guo, Yangyang Ding, Haihui Zhang, Yuanqing He
Summary: This review summarizes the role of sulforaphane in improving T2DM and its potential mechanisms, especially in insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors. It also emphasizes the effects of sulforaphane on T2DM complications and provides evidence for further research and development as a hypoglycemic drug.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li-Shan Yan, Brian Chi-Yan Cheng, Shuo-Feng Zhang, Gan Luo, Chao Zhang, Qing-Gao Wang, Xiu-Qiong Fu, Yi-Wei Wang, Yi Zhang
Summary: Diabetes mellitus and its complications are major public health threats worldwide. Traditional Tibetan Medicine has been used for centuries by Tibetans for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Tibetan Materia Medica, including various plants, possess promising effects for managing diabetes and its complications, making them potential candidates for safe and effective anti-diabetes agents.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)