Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 7, Issue 41, Pages 23098-23109Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06813
Keywords
magnetic; nanoparticles; gelatin; scaffold; biomaterials; gradient; tissue engineering
Funding
- EC-FP7 project MAGISTER [NMP3-LA-2008-214685]
- NIH [EB002520]
- AFOSR
- HLD at HZDR, a member of the European Magnetic Field Laboratory (EMFL)
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A versatile approach for the design and fabrication of multilayer magnetic scaffolds with tunable magnetic gradients is described. Multilayer magnetic gelatin membrane scaffolds with intrinsic magnetic gradients were designed to encapsulate magnetized bioagents under an externally applied magnetic field for use in magnetic-field-assisted tissue engineering. The temperature of the individual membranes increased up to 43.7 degrees C under an applied oscillating magnetic field for 70 s by magnetic hyperthermia, enabling the possibility of inducing a thermal gradient inside the final 3D multilayer magnetic scaffolds. On the basis of finite element method simulations, magnetic gelatin membranes with different concentrations of magnetic nanoparticles were assembled into 3D multilayered scaffolds. A magnetic-gradient-controlled distribution of magnetically labeled stem cells was demonstrated in vitro. This magnetic biomaterial-magnetic cell strategy can be expanded to a number of different magnetic biomaterials for various tissue engineering applications.
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