Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lauren D. Feld, Monika Sarkar, Jennifer S. Au, Jennifer A. Flemming, Janet Gripshover, Ani Kardashian, Andrew J. Muir, Lauren Nephew, Susan L. Orloff, Norah Terrault, Loren Rabinowitz, Anna Volerman, Vineet Arora, Jeanne Farnan, Erica Villa
Summary: This study examines the impact of parental leave and child-rearing on career advancement in hepatology, revealing the presence of workplace bias and inadequate parental leave that may negatively affect childbearing decisions and sex equity. Gender disparities were observed in career plans, family planning, and workplace discrimination, with higher rates among black and Hispanic women. Recommendations are made to address these gender disparities and improve support for women in career advancement.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Richard J. Petts, Gayle Kaufman, Trenton D. Mize
Summary: This study explores the impact of parental leave-taking on perceptions of workers as good parents, and finds that longer leave periods are associated with being viewed as good parents for both mothers and fathers in married, different-sex partnerships. The positive effects of leave-taking on perceptions of good parenting are stronger for fathers than for mothers, especially for short amounts of leave taken.
JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
XiaoZhi Lim
Summary: A European agency is considering widespread restrictions on the use of fluorinated chemicals in various industries and consumer products.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Molly B. Kraus, Emily G. Reynolds, Jillian A. Maloney, Skye A. Buckner-Petty, Julia A. Files, Sharonne N. Hayes, Cynthia M. Stonnington, Laura A. Vallow, Natalie H. Strand
Summary: The study found that most program directors do not provide parental leave information to candidates, while the majority of medical students do need this information and feel uncomfortable asking about it. They believe that parental leave policies will have an impact on their ranking of residency programs.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jennifer Takagishi, Katiana Garagozlo
Summary: For many early career physicians, residency and fellowship are unique occupational time periods that often involve long work hours and the need to start a family. Parental leave is important for the well-being of both parents and children, with many medical and psychosocial benefits. Training programs are required to have written policies regarding leaves of absence, including parental leave, that comply with current legislation. The length of parental leave varies among residency programs. This policy statement aims to address the challenges of parental leave policies in training programs and provide recommendations to protect trainees and their families, including expanding the definition of families.
Article
Pediatrics
Kelly M. W. Dundon, Weston T. Powell, Jayme L. Wilder, Beth King, Alan Schwartz, Heather McPhillips, Jennifer A. Best
Summary: Many pediatric residents delay parenthood during residency and are dissatisfied with this decision. Reasons for delaying parenthood include busy work schedule, finances, and not wanting to extend residency. Despite the positive association between longer parental leaves and overall well-being, the length and variability of pediatric resident parental leave remains an issue.
Article
Public Administration
Kristina Goldacker, Janna Wilhelm, Susanne Wirag, Pia Dahl, Tanja Riotte, Pia S. Schober
Summary: This study investigates the impact of parental leave policies and uptake on relationship satisfaction of heterosexual couples. The results suggest that the duration of maternal leave, especially solo leave, has a consistent negative impact on the relationship satisfaction of both mothers and fathers. However, the length of paternal leave does not have a significant effect on relationship satisfaction. Additionally, the study finds that the reform, which reduced maternal leave, has a positive effect on mothers' relationship satisfaction.
JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN SOCIAL POLICY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolle F. Dyess, Blair W. Weikel, Jennifer M. Barker, Timothy P. Garrington, Thomas A. Parker
Summary: There were no uniform requirements for parental leave in graduate medical education, which led to a lack of knowledge and satisfaction among pediatric subspecialty fellows. A national survey revealed that a significant number of fellows were unaware of the written parental leave policy in their program and felt that the existing policies increased the stress of having a child. Targeted modifications to parental leave policies can improve the well-being of new parents and the overall satisfaction of fellows.
Article
Family Studies
Cristina Castellanos-Serrano, Lorenzo Escot, Jose Andres Fernandez-Cornejo
Summary: This article evaluates the introduction of nontransferable and fully paid paternity leave in Spain in 2007. It focuses on the characteristics of the parental leave system design and its impact on fathers' and mothers' use of leave and gender equality.
Article
Ophthalmology
Kisha Kalra, Thomas V. Delaney, Lora R. Dagi Glass
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of North American ophthalmologists regarding parental leave policies and culture. The results showed mixed attitudes towards "stop-the-clock policies" and differences between male and female respondents in terms of feeling comfortable with taking leave and stress about peer perception. Private practitioners and academicians also differed in leave options and financial stress.
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Katherine Kortsmit, Rui Li, Shanna Cox, Carrie K. Shapiro-Mendoza, Cria G. Perrine, Denise V. D'Angelo, Wanda D. Barfield, Holly B. Shulman, Craig F. Garfield, Lee Warner
Summary: The study shows that women with less than 3 months of leave tend to have shorter breastfeeding duration compared to women with 3 or more months of leave.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mihir Gupta, Allison Reichl, Luis Daniel Diaz-Aguilar, Pate J. Duddleston, Jamie S. Ullman, Karin M. Muraszko, Shelly D. Timmons, Isabelle M. Germano, Aviva Abosch, Jennifer A. Sweet, Susan C. Pannullo, Deborah L. Benzil, Sharona Ben-Haim
Summary: Despite increased advocacy efforts on pregnancy and family leave policies in various surgical specialties, there have been no studies on the experiences of female neurosurgeons with childbearing. The Women and Pregnancy Task Force of AANS/CNS was established to understand female neurosurgeons' experiences and attitudes towards pregnancy and family leave policies. The survey revealed challenges such as insufficient newborn care time, discrimination, and lack of formal family leave policies, highlighting the need for clear policies, addressing discrimination, and promoting forethought and flexibility in overcoming obstacles in pregnancy and early child rearing for women in neurosurgery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Public Administration
Marie Valentova, Anissa Amjahad, Anne-Sophie Genevois
Summary: The study found that the size of the company has a significant impact on parental leave take-up by partners, with smaller companies generally resulting in lower likelihood of full-time leave for both parents; mothers working in sectors dominated by females are more likely to take parental leave.
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL POLICY
(2022)
Article
Sociology
Helen Eriksson, Sunnee Billingsley, Maria Branden
Summary: Educational gradients in parental leave length are opposite for women and men, with highly educated women returning to work faster and highly educated men being absent longer. This study shows that the influence of individual education on fathers' care choices diminishes within the same workplace, highlighting the importance of the workplace in determining fathers' leave length.
SOCIOLOGY-THE JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH SOCIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danielle Roselin, Jessica Lee, Reshma Jagsi, Mary Blair-Loy, Kim Ira, Priya Dahiya, Joan Williams, Christina Mangurian
Summary: This study analyzes parental leave policies in highly ranked medical schools in the United States and finds that only 14% of these schools have substantive policies. It suggests several best practices, including adopting formal parental policies, providing academic adjustment options, guaranteeing approval for leave and return, and continuing healthcare and financial aid benefits.
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Lisa Henry, Colleen W. Smithson, Lisa M. Steurer, Patrick M. Ercole
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility of a school nurse-led mindfulness program in a public school, finding that students found the program helpful and suggesting that school nurses may be able to successfully implement the mindfulness curriculum in an urban public school with appropriate planning.
JOURNAL OF SCHOOL NURSING
(2022)