Article
Thermodynamics
Rafal Kobylecki, Robert Zarzycki, Zbigniew Bis, Marcin Panowski, Mateusz Winski
Summary: By optimizing fuel spreading and secondary air distribution, significant improvement of boiler performance and reduction of fouling rate can be achieved.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shidan Chi, Yan Liang, Weixi Chen, Zhen Hou, Tao Luan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of the tail burnout air's incidence angle, wind speed, and pipe diameter on flow field distribution in the furnace and the movement of unburned carbon particles at the tail of a 130 t/h water-cooled grate biomass boiler using ANSYS simulation. The influence rules of these factors on combustion and particle movement were obtained. The results indicate that proper setting of the tail burnout air can improve the boiler efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ashish Patil, Lekha Dhote, Anirban Middey, Neelkamal, Ram Avtar Pandey, Sunil Kumar
Summary: Co-combustion of distillery sludge and coal is a favorable energy recovery option that helps to overcome the disadvantages of individual feed samples. The study showed that increasing the ratio of distillery sludge mixed with coal reduced the emissions of PM, SO2, NOx, HCl, HC, CO, and CO2. The levels of airborne PM and gaseous pollutants were within the standard limit for ambient air.
Article
Thermodynamics
Marco Marigo, Fabio Zulli, Sara Bordignon, Laura Carnieletto, Giuseppe Emmi, Michele De Carli
Summary: This study compares the final and primary energy consumption of different biomass appliance configurations. The results show that while wood-burning stoves have higher energy consumption, using biomass appliances can save a significant amount of non-renewable primary energy compared to traditional gas systems.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nils Erland L. Haugen, Mette Bugge, Alexander Mack, Tian Li, Oyvind Skreiberg
Summary: A detailed and CPU-efficient bed model for grate-fired combustion of biomass and waste is developed in this study. Wood chip combustion simulations are performed and compared with experimental results. The model accurately tracks the development of thermally thick fuel particles with a layer model, and efficiently handles a large number of physical fuel particles using representative particles. The motion of the fuel bed requires negligible CPU power, providing accurate predictions for different types of fuels.
Review
Thermodynamics
Mahmoud Koraiem, Dimitris Assanis
Summary: The study focuses on a critical review of wood combustion modeling techniques and provides recommendations for needed enhancements. By breaking down the basic processes inside the stove and comparing different models, an improved modeling approach as a roadmap for future research efforts is proposed to achieve a higher fidelity wood stove numerical model.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Viet Thieu Trinh, Seung-Mo Kim, Kang-Min Kim, Byoung-Hwa Lee, Tae-Yong Jeong, Ju-Seong Son, Jong-Man Kim, Chung-Hwan Jeon
Summary: A comprehensive 3D numerical simulation was conducted to analyze the combustion and NOx emission behavior in a biomass boiler. The study focused on the effect of biomass particle size and active burner location on combustion efficiency. The results showed that volatile burnout rate was higher than that of char burnout, the burner throat had the highest temperature range, and thermal NOx emission rate was higher than that of total NOx. The position of the active burner significantly impacted char conversion, and particles below 665μm could be entrained upward to achieve high conversion rates.
Article
Thermodynamics
Meng Zhu, Lei Chen, Lingang Zhou, Long Jiang, Sheng Su, Song Hu, Kai Xu, Can Wang, Aishu Li, Haoran Qing, Jing Zhou, Yi Wang, Hanjian Li, Jun Xiang
Summary: This study aims to construct a thermal calculation model suitable for supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) boiler, and it was found that convection heat transfer (CHT) has a significant impact on the boiler. A proposed model considering CHT and wall temperature showed the best performance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yongqi Liang, Jian Tang, Heng Xia, Loai Aljerf, Bingyin Gao, Mulugeta Legesse Akele
Summary: A 3D numerical model of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) process was constructed using Fluent software to analyze the key factors affecting the concentration and diffusion level of particulate matter (PM). The study identified the combustion temperature of solid-phase MSW, the wall's PM collision mode, and the second baffle length as the pivotal factors influencing PM generation. Univariate analysis and orthogonal experiments were then conducted to determine the optimal combination and control of PM concentration at the outlet of the incinerator. The results showed that PM concentration initially decreased and then increased with the increased combustion temperature of the solid-phase MSW, while a significant reduction in PM concentration was observed with the second baffle length of 12.45-12.95 m. The wall's PM collision mode had the greatest influence on the PM concentration at the outlet, followed by the second baffle length.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anqi Zhou, Hongpeng Xu, Xiaoxiao Meng, Wenming Yang, Rui Sun
Summary: This paper introduces a model developed to simulate the combustion of blended solid fuel in the grate boiler by separately defining the unique physical and chemical properties of the participating fuels, which is then validated through lab-scale experiments. The findings suggest that blended combustion can enhance carbon conversion and overall efficiency, while increasing primary air supply can effectively improve thermal efficiency.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Robert Mack, Claudia Schoen, Daniel Kuptz, Hans Hartmann, Thomas Brunner, Ingwald Obernberger, Hans Martin Behr
Summary: Wood pellets on the German market vary in their physical and chemical properties due to the use of different wood species and additives during production. This study found that different wood species and levels of additives had a significant impact on emissions during combustion in stoves and boilers. Kaolin, when added at the right level, reduced emissions and slag formation. However, overdosing kaolin had negative effects on emissions and particle formation. This highlights the need for improvements in fuel design and stove technology.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Zapata, Paula Canalis, Javier Royo, Maider Gomez, Carmen Bartolome
Summary: Agrobiomass is considered a suitable alternative for decarbonization in Europe. To achieve the set objectives, new biomass resources should be tested for different applications and the biomass supply capacity needs to be increased through Integrated Biomass Logistic Centers (IBLC). This study investigates the performance of different agropellets in a commercial boiler and confirms the suitability of wheat straw-based agropellets in terms of efficiency and emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Thomas Steiner, Kai Schulze, Robert Scharler, Andres Anca-Couce
Summary: The layer model, also known as the interface-based model, is a simplified single particle model developed for faster computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. It assumes that a reactive biomass particle is made up of successive layers, with drying, pyrolysis, and char conversion occurring sequentially. The interfaces between these layers are the reaction fronts. This study investigates the suitability of the surface reaction concept used in previous layer models for gasifying biochar and proposes an extended model that considers volumetric reactions and intraparticle diffusion to better describe the biochar gasification process. The extended model is validated using theoretical calculations and experimental measurements.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jian Chen, Dongling Wu, Yichao Hu, Yansong Shen, Geoff Wang
Summary: The wear of tuyere in blast furnaces is a common problem in iron-making production. This study developed a computational fluid dynamics model to simulate the abrasion rate on the tuyere surface considering various factors. The results showed that high temperature and severe abrasion mainly occurred on the top surface of the tuyere, and the abrasive rate was influenced by the high-temperature area.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianbao Gu, Wenchao Ma, Zhenning Guo, Torsten Berning, Chungen Yin
Summary: This paper numerically investigates the co-firing of sewage sludge, industrial solid waste, and municipal solid waste (MSW) in a moving-grate MSW boiler. The results show that stable, efficient, and clean combustion can be achieved by adjusting the under-grate primary air distribution in the existing boiler.
Article
Thermodynamics
Thobias Kreitzberg, Aekjuthon Phounglamcheik, Nils Erland L. Haugen, Reinhold Kneer, Kentaro Umeki
Summary: This study predicts and experimentally validates the changes in diameter of char particles during combustion and gasification processes in industrial applications. A simplified computation method is developed to calculate the diameter changes efficiently. Additionally, the experimental investigation of particle size and temperature trends under real conditions is performed.
COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cansu Birgen, Elisa Magnanelli, Per Carlsson, Oyvind Skreiberg, Jostein Mosby, Michael Becidan
Summary: The Gaussian processes regression (GPR) models developed in this study successfully predicted the daily lower heating value of municipal solid waste (MSW), showing better accuracy compared to models reported in the literature and minimizing the laborious data analysis. The prediction model not only allows for online operation but also dynamically adjusts with new data, providing a reliable basis for further process optimization and control.
Article
Thermodynamics
Lorenzo Riva, Liang Wang, Giulia Ravenni, Pietro Bartocci, Therese Videm Buo, Oyvind Skreiberg, Francesco Fantozzi, Henrik Kofoed Nielsen
Summary: Research findings suggest that producing biochar at high temperatures and adding water as a binder can reduce the exiting pressure, while the use of pyrolysis oil as a binder also lowers the pressure. Pelletization temperature has minimal impact on the exiting pressure. Biochar has higher exiting pressure values than untreated wood, but lower than torrefied wood. The trend of exiting pressure is a good indicator of the mechanical quality of the pellets.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Eid Gul, Khalideh Al Bkoor Alrawashdeh, Ondrej Masek, Oyvind Skreiberg, Andrea Corona, Mauro Zampilli, Liang Wang, Petros Samaras, Qing Yang, Hewen Zhou, Pietro Bartocci, Francesco Fantozzi
Summary: Clean water is crucial for life, but with the growing population, demand for it is increasing while reserves are decreasing. Wastewater from industries poses a threat to freshwater reserves and the environment. Activated carbon is a key tool for wastewater treatment and can help produce high purity water.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shehu A. Abdulrahman, Khaled Chetehouna, Axel Cable, Oyvind Skreiberg, Maurice Kadoche
Summary: A review study was conducted to assess the technological know-how and research progress in the field of water spray fire suppression. Factors influencing the mechanism of sprinkler water sprays in fighting fires have been the focus of ongoing research efforts. The review focused on interactions of sprinkler sprays with flame, fire plume, and hot surfaces to improve understanding of fire suppression phenomena.
JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
B. Babinszki, Z. Sebestyen, E. Jakab, L. Kohalmi, J. Bozi, G. Varhegyi, L. Wang, O. Skreiberg, Zs Czegeny
Summary: Slow pyrolysis of spruce and birch was conducted under different heating programs and conditions in a quartz tube reactor heated by an electric furnace. The study found that spruce produced more char yield than birch, and the main gaseous products showed similar evolution profiles. The relative amount of aromatic and polyaromatic compounds in volatile matter decreased significantly with increasing carbonization temperature.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Agnieszka Korus, Adam Klimanek, Slawomir Sladek, Andrzej Szlek, Airy Tilland, Stephane Bertholin, Nils Erland L. Haugen
Summary: The process of petcoke conversion in chemical looping combustion technology requires detailed knowledge about the reactions with O-2, CO2, and H2O. Experimental results showed that the reaction with CO2 was slow, and kinetic parameters of petcoke gasification were determined by applying different models to the data obtained from a custom test rig.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Yanqi Xie, Liang Wang, Hailong Li, Lena Johansson Westholm, Lara Carvalho, Eva Thorin, Zhixin Yu, Xinhai Yu, Oyvind Skreiberg
Summary: In recent years, there has been increased interest in sustainable production of biochar, which has versatile physicochemical properties and wide applicability. However, research is lacking in correlating biochar properties with feedstock, production processes, and upgrading strategies. Establishing such correlations is necessary for producing biochar with desired properties and for predicting its physiochemical properties based on feedstock and production conditions. This review summarizes literature on the impact of feedstocks and production processes on biochar properties and provides recommendations for mapping out biochar production for different applications. Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps and improve biochar characterization and production.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gabor Varhegyi, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg
Summary: The study adapted an empirical kinetic model for CO2 gasification of biomass chars and tested its applicability through reevaluation of experiments. Two evaluation strategies were explored for analyzing the kinetic parameters and the results were compared based on 12 experiments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aekjuthon Phounglamcheik, Ricardo Vila, Norbert Kienzl, Liang Wang, Ali Hedayati, Markus Brostrom, Kerstin Ramser, Klas Engvall, Oyvind Skreiberg, Ryan Robinson, Kentaro Umeki
Summary: The study investigated how chemical and physical properties affect the CO2 gasification rates of high-ash biomass char, finding that the inorganic content, particularly K, had a stronger effect on gasification reactivity. Acid leaching was applied to reduce the K content in the biomass char and improve its reactivity. The dispersion of inorganic elements through char particles plays an important role in their catalytic activity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nils Erland L. Haugen, Mette Bugge, Alexander Mack, Tian Li, Oyvind Skreiberg
Summary: A detailed and CPU-efficient bed model for grate-fired combustion of biomass and waste is developed in this study. Wood chip combustion simulations are performed and compared with experimental results. The model accurately tracks the development of thermally thick fuel particles with a layer model, and efficiently handles a large number of physical fuel particles using representative particles. The motion of the fuel bed requires negligible CPU power, providing accurate predictions for different types of fuels.
Article
Thermodynamics
Gabor Varhegyi, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg
Summary: The gasification kinetics of chars derived from biomass materials with chemical and physical heterogeneities and irregularities were studied. Empirical f(X) functions were determined using a method proposed four years ago, and the parameters of the models were obtained by the method of least squares. The reliability of the results was tested by reevaluating thermogravimetric experiments, and common kinetic features were found. The determined models accurately described the gasification of chars formed from different woods under various temperature programs and thermal pretreatments.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert L. Johnson, Kyle Castillo, Christian Castillo, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg, Scott Q. Turn
Summary: The slow pyrolysis of woody materials under elevated pressure leads to the formation of transient plastic phase biochar (TPPB), which exhibits macroscopic morphology changes. Hydrolysis-induced molten phase plays a key role in the formation of TPPB, while elevated pressure keeps water in the condensed phase. Despite minimal impact on material chemistry, significant differences in mechanical properties were observed between TPPB and standard biochar. The utility of TPPB was demonstrated by its superior tensile and compression strengths, as well as density, compared to carbon pellets produced from non-TPPB materials.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Robert L. Johnson, Kyle Castillo, Christian Castillo, Quang-Vu Bach, Cassidy Hihara, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg, Scott Q. Turn
Summary: Studies on transient plastic phase biochar (TPPB) show that plasticized biochar has better mechanical properties compared to non-plasticized biochar. Increasing the water content and reducing the reaction time can improve the performance of plasticized biochar.
Proceedings Paper
Electrochemistry
Goril Jahrsengene, Stein Rorvik, Anne Store, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg
Summary: In this study, bio-based binders made from Norwegian spruce and birch woods were produced in a laboratory setup and studied for their wetting properties towards petroleum coke. The results showed that the bio-based binders adhered well to the coke particles, exhibited excellent wetting behavior during mixing, and appeared to be affected by strain to some extent after baking.
Review
Thermodynamics
Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Tauseef-ur Rehman, Muesluem Arici, Zafar Said, Benjamin Durakovic, Hayder I. Mohammed, Rajan Kumar, Manish K. Rathod, Ozge Buyukdagli, Mohamed Teggar
Summary: Thermal energy storage is becoming increasingly important due to the challenges posed by intermittent renewable energy and waste heat dissipation. This paper discusses the fundamentals and novel applications of thermal energy storage materials and presents a multi-criteria decision making approach to select suitable materials. Recent advancements include materials with enhanced thermal conductivity and multiple phase change temperatures, as well as the application of nanomaterials and shape-stabilized materials in thermal energy storage.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Thermodynamics
Xuesong Li, Shangning Wang, Shangze Yang, Shuyi Qiu, Zhe Sun, David L. S. Hung, Min Xu
Summary: This review article summarizes recent advances in flash boiling atomization using experimental approaches. It discusses the gas-liquid characteristics and primary breakup of flash boiling sprays, the characteristics of flash boiling spray plumes, and practical issues in adopting flash boiling atomization. Practical applications of flash boiling atomization in combustors are also presented.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Thermodynamics
Yusheng Zheng, Yunhong Che, Xiaosong Hu, Xin Sui, Daniel-Ioan Stroe, Remus Teodorescu
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of temperature estimation techniques in battery systems, discussing potential metrics, different estimation methods, and their strengths and limitations in battery management. The challenges and future opportunities in battery thermal state monitoring are also identified and discussed.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2024)
