Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yanling Zhang, Shuo Yang, Xiaojie Chen, Yanbing Bai, Guangming Xie
Summary: This study introduces social norms into the ultimatum game and investigates the effect of indirect reciprocity. Theoretical analysis shows that updating the reputation of proposers alone leads to higher fairness, while updating the reputation of responders alone leads to very high fairness under image scoring. Combining the reputation updates of both proposers and responders enhances the positive effect on fairness, but combining the reputation updates of proposers and responders does not enhance fairness.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Theodor Cimpeanu, Alessandro Di Stefano, Cedric Perret, The Anh Han
Summary: This study investigates the issue of fairness in environments with incomplete information and social diversity. By incorporating heterogeneous graphs into the Ultimatum game, the effects of various interference mechanisms are explored. The results show that diversity reduces the need for information gathering and allows for a relaxation of strict and costly interference processes. Additionally, the influence of certain individuals in the network can be utilized to further reduce spending if minimal fairness requirements are lowered. The study highlights the novel mechanisms available to institutions in promoting fairness.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Paola Andrea Russo, Mirko Duradoni, Andrea Guazzini
Summary: Research on extending human-human interaction rules to artificial intelligence in computer-mediated communication is important, as artificial agents are widely present in daily life. An experiment on the Ultimatum Game showed that humans tend to apply real-life psychological dynamics even to artificial entities, with men and women showing different behaviors when reputation is attributed.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Economics
Hyoyoung Kim, Jinkwon Lee
Summary: The experimental results show that a representative's social responsibility influences their individual fairness, which is also affected by the minimum fairness of other group members. This suggests a positive correlation between a representative's social responsibility and distributive fairness, highlighting the importance of considering this correlation in incentive mechanisms for public decision-making.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giacomo Turri, Andrea Cavallo, Luca Romeo, Massimiliano Pontil, Alan Sanfey, Stefano Panzeri, Cristina Becchio
Summary: This article investigates the kinematics of social decisions and discovers that movement can reveal important parameters in social decision-making, such as the fairness of a proposed offer and the decision to accept or reject it. This provides new insights into the relationship between decision-making and sensorimotor control.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Carlos Alos-Ferrer, Jaume Garcia-Segarra, Alexander Ritschel
Summary: Research shows that while individuals may exhibit selfish behavior in high-impact group decisions, they still demonstrate high levels of prosocial behavior in bilateral interactions. Human beings can be generous with others and selfish with large groups simultaneously.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yuanyuan Liu, Yuanyuan Jamie Li, Huili Zhang
Summary: Research suggests that individuals tend to reject unfair offers in the ultimatum game, even at the cost of personal financial loss. Uncertain allocations can affect rejection rates, and when the range of uncertain offers includes zero, decision makers exhibit similar rejection rates for uncertain and certain unfair offers.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lei Zheng, Youqi Li, Jingsai Zhou, Yumeng Li
Summary: The study introduces the celebrity effect, finding that if ordinary people tend to be more generous to celebrities and celebrities are stingier to the ordinary, fairness will first be enhanced and gradually evolve to an over-fair level.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Lili Deng, Jiqun Chi, Cheng Wang, Xianjie Yuan
Summary: This study integrates game willingness into the ultimatum game and establishes an adaptive adjustment mechanism considering game willingness, and finds that this mechanism can significantly improve the level of fairness. The simulation results show that the extent of increase (decrease) of game willingness has a significant effect on fairness, and the evolutionary game results have a certain correlation with the coupling strength. It is also concluded that a lower average level of game willingness is conducive to the emergence of fairness.
Article
Mechanics
Guozhong Zheng, Jiqiang Zhang, Zhenwei Ding, Lin Ma, Li Chen
Summary: Decent social fairness is highly desired for both socio-economic activities and individuals. By adopting a pinning control procedure, researchers found that a small fraction of individuals pinned as fair players can unexpectedly lead the whole population to evolve into the full fairness level. The effectiveness of this procedure depends on the underlying network topology, and it can be a good strategy to promote social fairness in certain real scenarios.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Lili Deng, Xingxing Zhang, Cheng Wang
Summary: The study explores the impact of link weight boundary control parameter on fairness through coevolutionary game strategy and link weight mechanism. It is found that larger link weight boundary control parameters can significantly promote fairness, while the influence of link weight adjustment amplitude is not as significant. Furthermore, the coevolutionary mechanism results in heterogeneous link weight distribution and higher network heterogeneity with larger link weight boundary control parameters.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vincent Buskens, Ingrid Kovacic, Elwin Rutterkamp, Arnout van de Rijt, David Terburg
Summary: People commonly reject unfair offers even if this leaves them worse off. It has been debated whether this behavior is driven by rational responses based on social preferences or by emotions overriding self-interest. In an experiment, biophysical reactions (EEG and EMG) of responders to fair and unfair offers were measured. The results support the preference-based accounts, showing that social preferences trump emotions when responding to unfair offers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yuqi Gong, Li Yao, Xiaoyi Chen, Qingling Xia, Jun Jiang, Xue Du
Summary: Group interaction is important for social development, and the group identity of individuals affects their mental processing and decision-making. This study found that deaf college students exhibit ingroup bias when facing proposers from different groups, and show more positive responses to ingroup members under fairness conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marie Coenjaerts, Frederike Pape, Virginia Santoso, Franziska Grau, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner, Alexandra Philipsen, Johannes Schultz, Rene Hurlemann, Dirk Scheele
Summary: The study found that women are more sensitive to fairness frames compared to men, and estradiol has sex-specific effects on fairness sensitivity. Moreover, the mere belief of receiving estradiol treatment significantly increased the acceptance of unfair-framed offers in both sexes.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kiki Zanolie, Eveline A. Crone
Summary: Adolescents are sensitive to peer rejection, particularly when influenced by ranking status. Mid-adolescents showed larger emotional negativity after rejecting fair offers, with this reaction influenced by their status.
Article
Business, Finance
Gang-Jin Wang, Shuyue Yi, Chi Xie, H. Eugene Stanley
Summary: Researchers propose multilayer information spillover networks to measure interconnectedness of financial institutions, finding unique features that cannot be detected in single-layer networks. Dynamic topological features of multilayer networks show significant changes before financial stress, such as during the European sovereign debt crisis and the 2015-2016 Chinese stock market turbulence.
QUANTITATIVE FINANCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stavros K. Stavroglou, Bilal M. Ayyub, Vasileios Kallinterakis, Athanasios A. Pantelous, H. Eugene Stanley
Summary: This article introduces a risk-based decision-making methodology to assist policymakers in taking timely action during major disasters. By analyzing data, it uncovers causal relationships between variables, providing decision support for policymakers.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Chao-Yang Chen, Feng Liu, Lianghong Wu, Huaicheng Yan, Weihua Gui, Harry Eugene Stanley
Summary: This article investigates the performance limitations of a class of networked control systems, finding that the multiplicity of NMP zeros and unstable poles can affect the tracking performance. A quantitative relationship for tracking performance limitations is derived based on statistical characteristics. Additionally, a minimum signal-to-noise ratio is obtained using a 2DOF controller structure for the tracking system.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sonnam Jo, Liang Gao, Feng Liu, Menghui Li, Zhesi Shen, Lida Xu, Zi-You Gao
Summary: This study analyzed the topological properties and robustness of a bus-subway coupled network in Beijing, proposing new models to improve the accuracy of passenger flow redistribution during cascading failure processes, and highlighting the importance of traffic load influence between nodes in network robustness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS C
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xiao Han, Yun Yu, Bin Jia, Zi-You Gao, Rui Jiang, H. Michael Zhang
Summary: The study found that transparent descriptive information helped in achieving efficient equilibrium and stabilizing choice behavior, historical experiences influenced initial choices and equilibrium selection, a higher barrier between the two equilibria hindered and prolonged the transformation to efficient equilibrium, and a deeper attraction basin of the efficient equilibrium was more appealing in equilibrium selection.
PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Yun Yu, Xiao Han, Bin Jia, Rui Jiang, Zi-You Gao, H. Michael Zhang
Summary: This paper investigates the welfare effects of inaccurate pre-trip information on commuters' departure time choice under stochastic bottleneck capacity. Three cases are studied: compliance, noncompliance, and co-existence. The benefits of inaccurate information depend on information quality, commuters' response and heterogeneity, and the frequency and severity of bottleneck capacity reductions.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gaogao Dong, Fan Wang, Louis M. Shekhtman, Michael M. Danziger, Jingfang Fan, Ruijin Du, Jianguo Liu, Lixin Tian, H. Eugene Stanley, Shlomo Havlin
Summary: The research indicates that in modular networks, an optimal fraction of interconnected nodes exists where the system becomes optimally resilient and is able to withstand more damage. Although the exact location of the optimal fraction varies based on the coupling patterns, there exists such an optimal point for all coupling patterns.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jielan Ding, Zhesi Shen, Per Ahlgren, Tobias Jeppsson, David Minguillo, Johan Lyhagen
Summary: The study reveals that there is a weak positive relationship between ethnic diversity in scientific collaboration and scientific impact, with audience diversity playing a more significant role in influencing scientific impact compared to novelty. Additionally, ethnic diversity is found to be more associated with short-term scientific impact rather than long-term impact.
Article
Economics
Xiao Han, Yun Yu, Zi-You Gao, H. Michael Zhang
Summary: This paper examines the impact of uncertainty on transportation systems and travel costs, as well as the welfare effects of providing travel information in different scenarios. The results show that providing accurate information can improve welfare under certain traffic conditions, but may reduce welfare in specific situations. Factors such as the correlation between traffic conditions, frequency and severity of bottleneck drops, and the relationship between free-flow travel time and bottleneck capacity significantly affect the welfare effects of providing pre-trip information.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART B-METHODOLOGICAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yang Ye, Qingpeng Zhang, Zhidong Cao, Frank Youhua Chen, Houmin Yan, H. Eugene Stanley, Daniel Dajun Zeng
Summary: The surge in demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to global shortages, export restrictions, and shortage contagions in the global PPE trade network. The export restrictions play a critical role in determining the shortage contagion pattern, causing shortages to spread faster than the disease itself. Global cooperation and efforts are essential to prevent PPE shortages, while actions to reduce supply chain barriers and increase global PPE production are also necessary.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ryszard Kutner, Christophe Schinckus, Harry Eugene Stanley
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Soroush Aalibagi, Hamidreza Mahyar, Ali Movaghar, H. Eugene Stanley
Summary: This article proposes a novel trust management mechanism for predicting the most reliable service providers in the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), reducing the risk of malicious nodes. The mechanism uses a flexible bipartite graph and a social network with nodes' centrality and similarity measures to extract trust behaviors. A matrix factorization technique is employed to mitigate data sparsity and cold start problems. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in predicting reliable service providers and its resilience to network attacks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Yong Yang, Xiao Han, Rui Jiang, Bin Jia, Zi-You Gao
Summary: This study investigates the competition and coordination behavior in public transport mode choice, finding that providing more information may lead to worse outcomes, and provides an adaptive learning model to explain this phenomenon.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Rui Jiang, Xiao Han, Xiao-Yan Sun, Kai-Jia Sun, Wen-Xu Wang, H. M. Zhang, Bo-Yu Zhang, Zi-You Gao
Summary: Car use restrictions have been implemented in some large cities to tackle the growing number of cars and worsening traffic congestion. However, most of these restrictions do not offer flexibility to car owners in choosing the days they cannot drive. This paper studies a flexible car use restriction policy where car owners can choose the restricted day of the week. Theoretical results and laboratory experiments show that this flexible policy reduces average travel cost with a lower increase in average driving cost compared to traditional car use restrictions.
TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Qian Liu, Xinqi Zheng, H. Eugene Stanley, Fei Xiao, Wenchao Liu
Summary: This study proposes an analytical framework based on co-clustering to reveal mobility patterns in both spatial and temporal dimensions. By applying this framework to taxi GPS data in Manhattan, researchers successfully explored spatio-temporal co-occurrence patterns and compared mobility differences between weekdays and holidays.