Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 114, Issue 20, Pages 5119-5124Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621203114
Keywords
paper-based electronics; plasma; touch sensors; kirigami; sanitization
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [1610933]
- Rutgers University through the School of Engineering
- Rutgers University through the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Rutgers University through the University Research Council
- A. Walter Tyson Assistant Professorship Award
- John E. and Christina C. Craighead Foundation
- US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [W3147]
- New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station
- Air Force Office of Scientific [FA9550-15-1-0424]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys [1610933] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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This work describes disposable plasma generators made from metallized paper. The fabricated plasma generators with layered and patterned sheets of paper provide a simple and flexible format for dielectric barrier discharge to create atmospheric plasma without an applied vacuum. The porosity of paper allows gas to permeate its bulk volume and fuel plasma, while plasma-induced forced convection cools the substrate. When electrically driven with oscillating peak-to-peak potentials of +/- 1 to +/- 10 kV, the paper-based devices produced both volume and surface plasmas capable of killing microbes. The plasma sanitizers deactivated greater than 99% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and greater than 99.9% of Escherichia coli cells with 30 s of noncontact treatment. Characterization of plasma generated from the sanitizers revealed a detectable level of UV-C (1.9 nW.cm(-2).nm(-1)), modest surface temperature (60 degrees C with 60 s of activation), and a high level of ozone (13 ppm with 60 s of activation). These results deliver insights into themechanisms and suitability of paper-based substrates for active antimicrobial sanitization with scalable, flexible sheets. In addition, this work shows how paper-based generators are conformable to curved surfaces, appropriate for kirigami-like stretchy structures, compatible with user interfaces, and suitable for sanitization of microbes aerosolized onto a surface. In general, these disposable plasma generators represent progress toward biodegradable devices based on flexible renewable materials, which may impact the future design of protective garments, skin-like sensors for robots or prosthetics, and user interfaces in contaminated environments.
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