Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
P. A. Francis Xavier, M. D. Benoy, Nidhi P. Ramesh, Thomas Varghese
Summary: In this study, a thin film of polyaniline-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube composite with exceptional electrical conductivity, excellent crystallinity and improved thermal stability was synthesized and characterized. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes were functionalized using formaldehyde through an electrophilic substitution reaction and attached with methylol groups. The functionalization resulted in significant dispersivity of the composite. The thin film sample showed enhanced electrical conductivity and excellent crystallinity, and exhibited high thermal stability compared to the polyaniline sample.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
G. M. Koo, T. N. Tallman
Summary: The study explores the AC conductivity-strain relations for polymeric carbon nanofiber composites, finding that Jonscher's power law accurately describes the AC conductivity as a function of both normal and shear strain. The material exhibits frequency-dependent piezoresistive switching behavior, with positive piezoresistivity at low frequencies and negative piezoresistivity at higher frequencies. This novel switching behavior is attributed to inter-CNF AC transport behaving like a parallel resistor-capacitor arrangement, offering exciting possibilities for frequency-selective piezoresistive behavior in next-generation carbon nanofiller-based sensors.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dae Han Sung, Sagar M. Doshi, Andrew N. Rider, Erik T. Thostenson
Summary: Electrophoretic deposition is widely used to incorporate nanomaterials into fiber-reinforced composites for modifying the interfacial properties and introducing multifunctionality. AC EPD is capable of suppressing water electrolysis and altering the film formation mechanisms and morphology within the reinforcing fabric, leading to unique CNT structures. The use of porous electrodes allows for control over the microstructure and physical properties of the multiscale nanocomposites.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Arifa Jamil, I. Rashid, Waheed S. Khan, Sadia Zafar Bajwa, Asma Rehman, M. A. Rafiq
Summary: The investigation of electronic components is vital for the development of integrated circuits and electronic devices. The study focuses on the ac electrical properties and leakage current characteristics of Bi5Ti3FeO15 nanoparticles. The research found that charge polarization at the electrode interface contributes significantly to the behavior of the nanoparticles. The study also observed correlated barrier hopping conduction mechanism and an enhancement in long-range hopping of polaron as temperature increases.
PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Fengbo Yan, Fei Shao, Yu Bao, Xiaoguang Xu, Yong Jiang, Nuofu Chen, Jikun Chen
Summary: This study investigates the AC properties of different SmNiO3-based heterostructures prepared by pulsed laser deposition. By calculating the activation energy and fitting the complex impedance equivalent circuit, the dominant mechanisms of carrier transportation related to crystal structure, interface defects, and grain boundaries were identified. The strong Coulomb interaction enables the manipulation of the transport properties of SmNiO3 by increasing the input AC frequency, which has potential applications in temperature sensing and control.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhiming Liang, Hyun Ho Choi, Xuyi Luo, Tuo Liu, Ashkan Abtahi, Uma Shantini Ramasamy, J. Andrew Hitron, Kyle N. Baustert, Jacob L. Hempel, Alex M. Boehm, Armin Ansary, Douglas R. Strachan, Jianguo Mei, Chad Risko, Vitaly Podzorov, Kenneth R. Graham
Summary: It has been shown through Seebeck coefficient and Hall effect measurements that mobile electrons play a significant role in charge-carrier transport in p-conjugated polymers heavily p-doped with strong electron acceptors. Doping with oxidizing agents eliminates the transport gap at high doping concentrations, indicating a promising route to high-performance n-type organic thermoelectric materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wided Hizi, Malek Gassoumi, Hedi Rahmouni, Ahlem Guesmi, Naoufel Ben Hamadi, Essebti Dhahri
Summary: The electrical characterization of a La0.9Sr0.1MnO3 compound sintered at different temperatures was investigated. The study revealed that the transport properties of the compound are governed by non-small-polaron-tunneling and correlated-barrier-hopping mechanisms. The thermal activation of the conduction process in the system was also confirmed. Additionally, the electrical conductivity was significantly enhanced when a DC bias was applied at room temperature.
Article
Physics, Applied
R. Maruthi, S. K. Deshpande, V Deshmukh, K. Singh, S. Thota
Summary: A comprehensive study on ac-charge transport and dielectric relaxation in the MnNb2O6 columbite system was conducted. The study found that the ac-conductivity exhibited thermally driven, Arrhenius-like behavior with activation energies ranging from 0.45 to 0.38 eV. The analysis of the measured data revealed the dispersive behavior of the electrical conductivity and provided evidence for the correlated-barrier hopping (CBH) conduction mechanism. The study also investigated the dynamical response of the complex electric modulus spectra and identified a non-Debye type relaxation process.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jyothish Raj, Soumya Biswas, Vinayak Kamble
Summary: In this paper, the surface and bulk stoichiometry of SnO and its effect on DC-AC conductivity measurements were studied using XPS and Raman spectroscopy depth profiling, respectively. The SnO surface sheets are oxidized to Sn3O4 and partially SnO2 phases. The temperature dependence of DC resistance shows different conduction mechanisms below 200 K and between 200 and 300 K, and undergoes a crossover to thermally activated band conduction above 300 K. The frequency and temperature dependent conductivity reveals different tunneling mechanisms for the bulk SnO and the surface.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Iurii A. Anisimov, Richard W. Evitts, Duncan E. Cree, Lee D. Wilson
Summary: This study focused on electrically conductive polyaniline (PANI)-based polymer composites and their films, specifically those containing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). The goal was to evaluate PANI composites that contained biopolymer platforms (chitosan or cellulose micro powder) for humidity sensing, and compare them to composites that contained carbon nanofibers. Ternary film materials were prepared by polymerization of PANI onto the biopolymer or carbon support, followed by physical blending with PVA. The results showed that chitosan-based films had good mechanical properties, moderate electrical conductivity, and favorable humidity response and moisture uptake. Chitosan was found to be a valuable mechanical reinforcement additive for PANI-based composites. Cellulose and carbon-based composites were generally inferior to chitosan, except for higher conductivity. The study suggests that PANI/biopolymer composites are promising humidity sensor materials due to their good moisture uptake and electromechanical properties. The ability to tailor the structure and properties of PANI/biopolymer composites makes them attractive as sustainable materials for humidity sensing, compared to conventional ceramic materials.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qi Wu, Min Nie, Qi Wang, Shulong Wu, Huarong Zhang
Summary: Anisotropic conductive polymer composites (ACPCs) are of great significance in electrical interconnection, miniaturized sensing devices and thermal management. This study successfully fabricated ACPCs with high electrical conductivity, impact toughness and tensile strength, while overcoming the limitations of conductive fillers on mechanical properties. The materials show excellent electrical and mechanical properties, making them suitable for complex intelligent electronic devices, and the fabrication process is simple, environmentally-friendly and cost-effective.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
H. Hemanta Singh, H. Basantakumar Sharma
Summary: Multiferroic nanocomposite samples were synthesized using the hybrid processing method, and the presence of both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic phases in the samples was confirmed. The lattice distortion of bismuth ferrite occurs with the incorporation of cobalt ferrite. Both grains and grain boundaries contribute significantly to the electrical response of the nanocomposite samples. The AC conductivity increases with increasing ferromagnetic phase, and this can be explained by effective potential barrier height, characteristic relaxation time, and hopping distance. Different conduction processes are present in the nanocomposites.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yu Feng Bai, Huizhi Yang, Chunhua Ge, Lili He, Qingyan Song, Xiangdong Zhang
Summary: This study reports an in situ preparation of HO-BNNS@PANI composite, which exhibits excellent electrical and thermal conductivity without compromising the pH responsiveness of PANI. Moreover, the actiniae-like structure of the composite improves ion diffusion capability and reaction area.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Bin Tang, Xinzhu Chen, Ying He, Ji Zhou, Hai Zhao, Wu Chen, Jinfeng Wang, Xungai Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates the fabrication of pressure sensors from biomass kapok fibers and natural rubber, utilizing two different strategies to introduce conductive elements. The composites show logarithmic response to loading and are used in a weight scale for weight measurement within a certain range. The strategy based on conductive polymer enables the composite to act as a potential pressure-sensing material and pressure-responsive circuit switch.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Danian Liu, Jingwen Wang, Wenhai Peng, Xinzhu Wang, Hua Ren, Donald W. Kirk
Summary: An organic semiconductor material with low density and better dielectric performance was designed for lightweight dielectric composites.
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaushik Pal, Nidhi Asthana, Alaa A. Aljabali, Sheetal K. Bhardwaj, Samo Kralj, Anastasia Penkova, Sabu Thomas, Tean Zaheer, Fernando Gomes de Souza
Summary: The article discusses the significance of "nanographene" as a new material in the fields of Chemical Biology and Materials Chemistry, highlighting its high surface area, excellent charge carrier mobility, and essential photocatalytic properties. By employing a melt mixing/compounding fabrication strategy, nanographene can be utilized in pharmaceuticals, nano-imaging, and other areas, showcasing substantial advancements and potential breakthroughs.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Abitha Vayyaprontavida Kaliyathan, Ajay Vasudeo Rane, Miroslav Huskic, Krishnan Kanny, Matjaz Kunaver, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas
Summary: The study utilized a two-roll mill to prepare rubber-rubber blends with varying amounts of carbon black, and found that the mechanical properties of the carbon black filled blends were improved, likely due to the distribution of carbon black within different phases.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
P. Poornima Vijayan, Krzysztof Formela, Mohammad Reza Saeb, P. G. Chithra, Sabu Thomas
Summary: Epoxy resin is a versatile material that has been used to develop non-toxic antifouling coatings by integrating anticorrosion and adhesive functions to tackle biofouling issues. Materials such as nanomaterials, siloxanes, and conducting polymers can help epoxy resin achieve antifouling properties, with significant potential for future development.
JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Aswathi Madathinal Kunjappan, Arunima Reghunadhan, Ajitha A. Ramachandran, Lovely Mathew, Moothetty Padmanabhan, David Laroze, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This report presents a new type of electromagnetic shielding material using a blend of polyester and polyethylene with the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Compared to similar materials, this blend system shows superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness. The optimal blend composition and carbon nanotube loading concentration were determined through experimental and theoretical analysis, resulting in the highest EMI shielding effectiveness value.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Textiles
Mohammad Shahrizad Pairon, Fathilah Ali, Farah Ahmad, Hazleen Anuar, Nurul Amirah Abdul Rahman, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Mirghani, Joghwan Suhr, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This review provides information on solvent extraction methods for extracting lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch. Different solvent extraction methods lead to lignin with different properties, and catalysts and enzymes have been used to overcome the limitations of these methods.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Ananthu Prasad, Nisa V. Salim, Miran Mozetic, Lekshmi Kailas, Sabu Thomas
Summary: Time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is a surface sensitive technique that provides specific compound identification of surface molecules. It has become increasingly important for the characterization and utilization of polymers in recent years.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Composites
Suji Mary Zachariah, Yves Grohens, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This review provides a detailed analysis of recent trends in hybrid materials for electromagnetic shielding applications, including various polymers, cement, concrete, paints, and their different filler inclusions. The paper also discusses the origin and effects of electromagnetic radiation, the shielding mechanism, fabrication techniques, and characterization of the materials.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Suji Mary Zachariah, Tinu Antony, Yves Grohens, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This article discusses the use of industrial by-products and bio-wastes as raw materials to eliminate the adverse environmental impacts of solid waste and to synthesize shielding materials. It covers the sources, effects and mechanisms of electromagnetic radiation, as well as the factors affecting EMI shielding. This review opens up new opportunities for upcycling waste materials into efficient shielding materials.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Jesiya Susan George, Poornima P. Vijayan, Anh Tuan Hoang, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Phuong Nguyen-Tri, Sabu Thomas
Summary: Research and developments in novel smart coating systems, inspired by biomimetic materials such as lotus leaf, pitcher plant, and mussels, have shown promising results in providing better corrosion protection and longer service life for metal substrates. Introducing multifunctionalities through bioinspired coatings is an exciting route for enhancing anticorrosion efficiency.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Abitha Vayyaprontavida Kaliyathan, Ajay Vasudeo Rane, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This paper discusses the influence of increasing concentration of carbon black (CB) on the physical and mechanical properties of SBR/BR rubber blends. The partitioning of CB towards the BR phase is quantitatively determined and confirmed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SS-NMR spectroscopy). The results show that increasing CB concentration increases its partitioning towards the BR phase, affecting the properties and dispersion characteristics of the material.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Lata Samant, Alka Goel, Jessen Mathew, Seiko Jose, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This study investigates the effect of different surface treatments of flax fiber on the mechanical properties of the natural fiber reinforced natural rubber composites. The results show that flax fibers with a length of 1.25 cm and a volume loading of 40% exhibit higher tensile strength. Furthermore, treating the flax fibers with NaOH and laccase enhances the mechanical properties of the composites.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Abitha Vayyaprontavida Kaliyathan, Ajay Vasudeo Rane, Sabu Thomas
Summary: This research aims to investigate the partitioning of carbon black in miscible styrene butadiene rubber/butadiene rubber blends. DMA and TEM were used to determine the partitioning and dispersion of carbon black in the blends. The study provides valuable insights for academics and industrial researchers in the field of rubber composites.
JOURNAL OF RUBBER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Sneha George, Sabu Thomas, Namitha Nandanan Nedumpillil, Seiko Jose
Summary: In this study, fibers were extracted from water hyacinth plant using a specially designed decorticating machine. The extracted fibers were subjected to aerobic and anaerobic retting, followed by alkali treatment. The physical and mechanical properties, as well as the chemical composition and structural characteristics of the fibers, were analyzed. The results showed that the fibers could be easily extracted after 5 days of retting. The alkali treatment significantly improved the tensile strength and crystallinity of the fibers.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Prajitha Velayudhan, Jibin Keloth Paduvilan, Bindu Patanair, Sisanth Krishnageham Sidharthan, Abitha Vayyaprontavida Kaliyathan, Nicolas Delpouve, Allisson Saiter-Fourcin, Sabu Thomas
Summary: In this research, the hybrid reinforcements of silica with either graphite or graphene oxide in natural rubber were studied. The addition of GO/SiO2 with a 3:1 ratio showed a synergistic reinforcement effect, significantly improving both strength and modulus while maintaining decent strain at break levels. The experimental data correlated well with the Guth Gold model, suggesting that filler/matrix interactions primarily govern the mechanical properties. The calometric response of the nanocomposites at the glass transition was analyzed, and the 3:1 GO/SiO2 composition showed the highest glass transition temperature and the most efficient filler intercalation.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jissy Jacob, Vijay Robert, Ravi Babu Valapa, Sunny Kuriakose, Sabu Thomas, Sravanthi Loganathan
Summary: This study focuses on the fabrication of PLA/PEI-MS composites to improve the limitations of PLA as food packaging material. The addition of PEI-MS enhanced thermal stability and mechanical properties while reducing oxygen transmission rate for PLA composites.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)