Article
Polymer Science
Yu Zhang, Won Hee Lee, Jong Geun Seong, Junming Dai, Shichao Feng, Yinhua Wan, Young Moo Lee, Yongbing Zhuang
Summary: A series of Troger's Base (TB)-based polyimides (PI-TBs) with different physical and gas transport properties were synthesized by altering the isomeric monomers. The solubility, microporosity, chain packing, mechanical performance, thermal stability, and gas transport properties of the PI-TBs were investigated. The choice of different isomeric dianhydrides and diamines had a significant impact on the solubility, mechanical properties, and gas permeability of the resulting polyimides. The chemical structure of the isomeric dianhydrides also influenced the chain packing and gas separation performance of the PI-TBs.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wei Xie, Yang Jiao, Zhili Cai, Hongyan Liu, Lili Gong, Wei Lai, Linglong Shan, Shuangjiang Luo
Summary: This study developed benzimidazole functionalized polyimides and ionic polyimides with high CO2/CH4 selectivity for natural gas sweetening, demonstrating improved gas separation properties by tightening microporous structures and restricting polymer chain mobility. High performance was observed under high-pressure mixed-gas conditions.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuanyan Kang, Zhiguang Zhang, Lei Wu, Shan Xu, Guolong Huo, Xiaohua Ma, Nanwen Li
Summary: The study successfully synthesized two novel neoteric oxygencyclic pseudo-Troger's base derivatives and prepared them into polyimide membranes for gas separation, showing promising performance such as high gas pair selectivity, moderate gas permeability, and good physical aging properties. Introducing oxygencyclic pseudo-Troger's base into polyimide chains could potentially create attractive membrane materials for various gas separation applications.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiaochen Xu, Jie Dong, Xiuting Li, Xin Zhao, Qinghua Zhang
Summary: In this study, a series of rigid polyimide materials were designed and synthesized, with tunable fractional free volume achieved by controlling the substituents. These materials exhibited excellent separation performance for CO2, contributing to the sustainable development of the environment and society.
Article
Polymer Science
Jinghua Tan, Yufen Chen, Jie Huang, Linbing Jiang, Linfeng Fei, Wei Sun, Di Wu, Hailiang Zhang, Yiwu Liu
Summary: This study investigated the gas permeation performances of three 6FDA-based polyimides with different diamine units - 6FDA-DABA, 6FDA-ODA, and 6FDA-TFDB. The introduction of amide, ether, and -CF3 groups in the diamine units had an impact on the microstructure and gas transmission performance of polyimides. The research findings showed that the gas transport coefficient increased while the gas transport selectivity decreased with the change of diamine units.
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiulong Yin, Hai Tang, Zhaozan Xu, Nanwen Li
Summary: Blending TB polymer into SPSf ultrafiltration membranes improves the pore structure, water contact angle, and pure water flux. The acid-base crosslinking structure enhances mechanical strength and reduces protein adsorption, while maintaining similar retention factors for foulants.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Qingbo Xu, Bingru Xin, Jing Wei, Yulei Ma, Zikang Qing, Chao Feng, Shouliang Yi, Nanwen Li, Kai Li, Fei Wang, Jie Zhao, Lin Yang, Lu Yao, Wenju Jiang, Yiyang Dai, Zhongde Dai
Summary: Membrane-mediated separation is a promising strategy for CO2 separation, and the search for improved membrane materials is a priority in advancing this technology. Troger's base (TB), with its unique structure, has shown promise in enhancing gas separation performance. This review summarizes and discusses the development of TB polymer-based membranes for CO2 separation in the past decade, including pure TB polymeric membranes, functionalized TB polymeric membranes, mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) and carbon molecular sieve (CMS)/thermal rearranged (TR) membranes. The progress and future perspectives are also presented.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
David Meis, Silvio Neumann, Sergey Shishatskiy, Ulrike Meis, Volkan Filiz
Summary: Through molecular modeling and experimental analysis, the structure-property relationship and mechanism of thermally stimulated solid-state reactions of polybenzoxazoles were investigated. The resulting materials exhibited low conversion temperatures, high conversion rates, and excellent hydrogen and propylene separation performance, making them suitable for efficient gas separation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mahmoud A. Abdulhamid
Summary: In this study, two solution-processable polyimides were successfully synthesized, displaying excellent thermal stability and gas separation performance. The TBDA-TMPD membrane showed a CO2 permeability of 1457 barrer and a CO2/CH4 selectivity of 17, while the TBDA-HTB membrane showed a CO2 permeability of 61 barrer and a CO2/CH4 selectivity of 54. The aged TBDA-HTB membrane exhibited outstanding performance, surpassing the 2008 upper bound for H2/CH4 separation with an H2 permeability of 147 barrer and an H2/CH4 selectivity of 129. These findings provide new possibilities for designing high-performance polyimides with nitrogen groups for various separation applications.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhongde Dai, Hongfang Guo, Jing Deng, Liyuan Deng, Jiaqi Yan, Richard J. Spontak
Summary: In this study, carbon molecular-sieve membranes were fabricated from a Tro center dot ger's base polymer as the precursor, and their gas-separation performance was significantly enhanced by optimizing the carbonization conditions. The optimized membranes demonstrated high H2 permeability and selectivity, exceeding the Robeson upper bound for H2-related separations.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Min-Hao Pai, Chien-Chieh Hu, Guey-Sheng Liou
Summary: The formation of Troger's Base configuration is beneficial for synthesizing PIM polymers, and incorporating the V-shaped TB scaffold can enhance the performance of EC polyamide, resulting in lower driving potential and shorter switching response time.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Eduam O. Boeira, Caroline B. Pla, Fabiano S. Rodembusch, Angelica Moro
Summary: In this study, the arylation of Troger's base was achieved through the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction using aqueous micellar catalysis. The developed reaction conditions allowed for the preparation of various Troger's base derivatives with low catalytic loading of Pd(OAc)(2) catalyst and under environmentally friendly aqueous conditions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuqi Liu, Zhenggong Wang, Lu Zhao, Wangxi Fang, Feng Zhang, Jian Jin
Summary: This study utilized Troger's base (TB) to regulate the interfacial polymerization between trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and piperazine (PIP), resulting in the formation of a polyamide layer with extremely thin thickness. By increasing the TB content, the thickness of the polyamide layer can be controlled, leading to the fabrication of highly permeable and salt-rejecting thin film composite (TFC) membranes.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junming Dai, Yu Zhang, Chunli Gong, Yinhua Wan, Yongbing Zhuang
Summary: A novel dicarboxylic acid (TB-COOH) containing Tro center dot ger's base (TB) was synthesized, and TB-based PBI membranes were prepared as electrolytes for HT-PEM fuel cells. The TB-based PBIs exhibited good processability and superior tensile strength, high decomposition temperatures, and excellent stability in Fenton's reagent. The TB-based PBIs also showed higher phosphoric acid uptake and proton conductivity compared to the sulfonated PBI membrane, leading to a significantly higher peak power density in H2/air fuel cells.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jia Hui Chen, Yvonne Shuen Lann Choo, Wei Ting Gao, Xue Lang Gao, Zhi Hong Cai, Jia Jun Wang, Qiu Gen Zhang, Ai Mei Zhu, Qing Lin Liu
Summary: In this study, Troger's base microporous anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with hyperbranched structure were prepared by superacid catalysis. The introduction of hyperbranched structure improved the water uptake and OH- transport of the AEMs, leading to enhanced performance in alkaline fuel cells.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kang Kang, Nannan Shen, Yanlong Wang, Lei Li, Meiyu Zhang, Xingwang Zhang, Lecheng Lei, Xiaohe Miao, Shuao Wang, Chengliang Xiao
Summary: Utilizing Ni2+ and an organic ligand to construct a novel cationic metal-organic framework (ZJU-X6) for the adsorption of (TcO4)-Tc-99-, it was found that the water pairs on Ni2+ nodes in ZJU-X6 were replaced by (TcO4)-Tc-99-, revealing the detailed sorption mechanism between the pyridyl ligand and (TcO4)-Tc-99-.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Merfat M. Alsabban, Mathan Kumar Eswaran, Karthik Peramaiah, Wandi Wahyudi, Xiulin Yang, Vinoth Ramalingam, Mohamed N. Hedhili, Xiaohe Miao, Udo Schwingenschlogl, Lain-Jong Li, Vincent Tung, Kuo-Wei Huang
Summary: This paper reports a electrocatalyst with activity and durability in an alkaline medium, and reveals its high efficiency reaction mechanism through theoretical studies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jie Shen, Yichen Cai, Chenhui Zhang, Wan Wei, Cailing Chen, Lingmei Liu, Kuiwei Yang, Yinchang Ma, Yingge Wang, Chien-Chih Tseng, Jui-Han Fu, Xinglong Dong, Jiaqiang Li, Xi-Xiang Zhang, Lain-Jong Li, Jianwen Jiang, Ingo Pinnau, Vincent Tung, Yu Han
Summary: Carbon nanomaterials like graphene have interesting molecular transport properties, but achieving regular channels over a large area requires perfect alignment. In this study, we developed a large-area two-dimensional conjugated-polymer-framework with regular pore distribution, resulting in 99.5% salt rejection by forward osmosis. The design and fabrication of these membranes provide a promising route for developing carbon-based membranes for precise molecular separation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shiyang Zhang, Zelong Xu, Yatao Weng, Mingwei Cai, Yali Wang, Wenju Zhu, Yonggang Min, Xiaohua Ma
Summary: A high performance thermally rearranged polymer (EBAP-TR) membrane with high permeability, selectivity, mechanical strength and reliability has been reported. The membrane was formed by cross-linking and thermally rearranging a novel ortho-hydroxyl functionalized polyimide (EBAP-OH). The resulting EBAP-TR membrane exhibits remarkable CO2 permeability (6455 Barrer) and CO2/CH4 selectivity (40), outperforming the newest 2019 CO2/CH4 trade offline.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jiachen Chu, Qingtan Liu, Wenhui Ji, Jianxin Li, Xiaohua Ma
Summary: High proton conductivity and low vanadium permeation have been challenges in designing efficient membranes for vanadium redox flow batteries. A series of novel microporous sulfonated polyimides (SPI) with gradient sulfonic acid group concentrations (6FTMA-X) were synthesized to overcome this trade-off. These membranes exhibited excellent ion sieving for proton and vanadium ions, leading to high energy efficiency under high current density. The results demonstrate the potential of 6FTMA-X membranes for VRFB applications and provide new insight for membrane design.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chao Ye, Lifeng Bai, Yatao Weng, Zelong Xu, Lujun Huang, Jianjun Huang, Jianxin Li, Yali Wang, Xiaohua Ma
Summary: By debromination assisted carbonization, carbon molecular sieve membranes (CMSMs) with remarkable gas separation properties were obtained from a series of brominated intrinsic microporous polyimides (PIM-PIs). The CMSM-550s exhibited smaller, more intensive, and higher percentage of ultra-micropores compared to their pristine PIM-PIs, resulting in higher permeability and selectivity. The 6FDBPI-550 showed unprecedented H2 permeability and selectivity that far exceeded the latest trade-off lines.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wojciech Ogieglo, Katarzyna Knozowska, Tiara Puspasari, Zain Ali, Joanna Kujawa, Emil Korczeniewski, Artur P. Terzyk, Wojciech Kujawski, Ingo Pinnau
Summary: In this study, we investigated the separation performance of an ethanol-cyclohexane mixture using a thin-film composite membrane made of a heat-treated polyimide. We studied the chemical and structural transformations that occur during the formation of thermally-rearranged and carbon molecular sieve membranes, which significantly impact the properties and separation behavior of the membrane. We achieved excellent separation performance by precise thermal treatment, and highlighted the unique property of pervaporation where the downstream side of the membrane remains dry despite swelling in the upstream region.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tae Hoon Lee, Marcel Balcik, Byung Kwan Lee, Bader S. Ghanem, Ingo Pinnau, Ho Bum Park
Summary: Blending hydrogen with methane using existing natural gas infrastructure to develop a low-carbon hydrogen supply chain is a viable option, although extracting hydrogen from the mixed gas after distribution poses a challenge. Membrane technology, specifically thin-film composite membranes made from polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM), shows potential for addressing this challenge due to their aging-induced enhancement in submicroporosity. By introducing a hyperaging post-treatment step, PIM membranes demonstrated high selectivity and stability for downstream hydrogen extraction.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yatao Weng, Nanwen Li, Zelong Xu, Jianjun Huang, Lujun Huang, Hong Wang, Jianxin Li, Yali Wang, Xiaohua Ma
Summary: Two novel highly crosslinked and partially carbonized molecular sieve membranes (CCMSM) were reported, which partially achieved the goals of high performance, robustness, and reliability. By thermally treating a bromomethyl substituted alternative intrinsic microporous polymer at low temperatures, two PIM-BA-340 and PIM-BA-350 CCMSMs with excellent solvent resistance, thermal stability, and good mechanical strength were obtained.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zishang Chen, Hong Wang, Xiaohua Ma, Xiaoping Chen, Shuanglin Gui, Jianxin Li
Summary: This study successfully synthesized H2O2 efficiently and cost-effectively by using a self-supported carbon membrane as the cathode in a flow-through electrochemical membrane reactor.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Marcel Balcik, Yingge Wang, Ingo Pinnau
Summary: In this study, all-atomistic simulations accurately predicted the density, gas uptake, and gas diffusion properties of the ladder polymer PIM-Trip-TB. It was found that competitive sorption favored CO2 over CH4, resulting in enhanced mixed-gas CO2/CH4 solubility selectivity. However, the increase in CH4 permeability due to co-permeation of CO2 prevented an increase in mixed-gas perm-selectivity.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ainur Yerzhankyzy, Yingge Wang, Feng Xu, Xiaofan Hu, Bader Ghanem, Xiaohua Ma, Marcel Balcik, Nimer Wehbe, Yu Han, Ingo Pinnau
Summary: The physical, chemical, and gas permeation properties of a heat-treated hydroxyl-functionalized Troger's base-derived intrinsically microporous polyimide, 6FDA-HTB, were studied. The results showed that polybenzoxazole (PBO) membranes obtained from thermal rearrangement had increased gas permeability but decreased selectivity. The polymer-carbon transition membranes exhibited improved gas permeability and selectivity, while the early-stage carbon membranes had further enhanced selectivity due to structural tightening.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Khalid Hazazi, Yingge Wang, Bader Ghanem, Xiaofan Hu, Tiara Puspasari, Cailing Chen, Yu Han, Ingo Pinnau
Summary: The use of membrane technology made of polymeric, inorganic or hybrid membrane materials is a desirable alternative to the energy-intensive cryogenic distillation technology for ethylene/ethane separation. However, the low mixed-gas selectivity of current membrane materials is a major obstacle. This study presents the development of precise molecular sieving and plasticization-resistant carbon membranes with unparalleled performance for ethylene/ethane separation, offering great potential for challenging separation applications in the petrochemical and natural gas industry.
Article
Polymer Science
Qiong Jia, Xiaohua Ma, Hanyuan Chen, Xiaodong Li, Mu-Hua Huang
Summary: Porous organic polymers (POPs) with designable structures and functionalities have shown promising applications. In this study, a novel 3,4-polymerization technique was developed to efficiently synthesize linear polypyrrole-3,4, which was further used to prepare a series of polypyrrole-based POPs with hierarchically porous structures. These PY-POPs exhibited high BET surface areas and were doped in mixed matrix membranes to enhance gas permeability and selectivity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lijie Wang, Hong Wang, Razan Nughays, Wojciech Ogieglo, Jun Yin, Luis Gutierrez-Arzaluz, Xinyuan Zhang, Jian-Xin Wang, Ingo Pinnau, Osman M. Bakr, Omar F. Mohammed
Summary: This study reveals the significant contribution of hot phonons to the photo-induced transient bandgap renormalization in MAPbBr(3) single crystals, as evidenced by asymmetric spectral evolutions and transient reflection spectral shifts in the picosecond timescale. Moreover, it identifies a strong correlation between surface charge carrier diffusion and transient bandgap renormalization in time. These findings highlight the need to re-evaluate current theories on photo-induced bandgap renormalization and provide a new approach for precisely controlling the optical and electronic properties of perovskite materials, enabling the design and fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic devices with exceptional efficiency and unique properties.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanzhang Jiang, Xuyi Wang, Yanting Han, Dakai Gong, Yingchun Gu, Lin Tan
Summary: In this study, FeCl3 and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were doped into waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) to create multifunctional materials with self-healing and antimicrobial properties. WPU/Fe/PAA-5.5, containing 5.5 wt % PAA, exhibited excellent mechanical properties, strong self-healing capabilities, and an impressive antimicrobial rate of over 90%. These supramolecular films were also highly recyclable through hot-pressing.
Article
Polymer Science
Longyu Tian, Min Wang, Guangming Liao, Baoliang Liu, Sujuan Zhang, Yucheng Sun, Zhen Meng, Jintao Zhang, Zaijun Lu
Summary: Two kinds of benzoxazine monomers were synthesized and used to prepare polybenzoxazine anion exchange membranes (AEMs) with quaternary ammonium functionalization. The LQPBZ AEM exhibited better ion conductivity and alkaline stability.
Article
Polymer Science
Claire A. Lemarchand
Summary: This study investigates the shock behavior of three different polymers through molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal specificities in the shock behavior of polymers, including deviations from the linear relation between shock velocity and particle velocity, as well as differences in shear stress relaxation behind the shock front. It is found that the deviation of the Hugoniot locus is related to the change in the relative contribution of bonding and non-bonding potential energies, while polymers with higher glass transition temperatures exhibit slower shear stress relaxation.
Article
Polymer Science
Zengquan Liu, Xiaochun Yin, He Zhang, Shuo Gao, Qinglin Kuang, Yanhong Feng
Summary: A powder solid-state extension (PSSE) technology was proposed to address the high melt viscosity issue of UHMWPE. By uniaxial extension and sintering in the solid state, a highly self-reinforced material was prepared. X-ray diffraction and scattering techniques were used to study the structural evolution during the PSSE process, and a solid-phase induced transformation model was established.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhike Li, Anyu Luo, Rui Zhou, Xin Li, Haiyan Li
Summary: A novel high temperature resistance IL@SiO2 nanocapsules were successfully prepared and their friction and wear properties in PA6 composites were studied. The addition of IL@SiO2 nanocapsules reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate without affecting the mechanical properties of PA6. The synergy between the IL core and SiO2 wall in the nanocapsules improved the self-lubricating performance of the PA6 composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Xin Liu, Xuhong Guo, Qi Liao
Summary: In this study, an algorithm for accurately estimating viscosity is developed using molecular dynamics simulations and the Green-Kubo formula. This algorithm can be applied to complex systems with long correlations, such as macromolecular and biological simulation systems.
Article
Polymer Science
Hao Pu, Yun-Lei Hou, Jing -Zhou Chen, Dong -Lin Zhao
Summary: The use of modified graphene improves the interfacial adherence of carbon fibers to epoxy resin, resulting in enhanced interfacial and bending properties of CF and matrix in CF/EP composites, as well as increased interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Wei-Chung Ke, Jin-Wei Lin, Manohar Reddy Busireddy, Yueh-Hsing Lee, Jiun-Tai Chen, Chain-Shu Hsu
Summary: This study introduces a crosslinkable monomer, TAIC, to synthesize three crosslinked polyimide films, which exhibit improved thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties. The introduction of TAIC enhances the tensile strength, reduces the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, and decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polyimide films.
Article
Polymer Science
Alex Kwasi Kumi, Ruiling Fan, Ye Chen, Yumei Zhang
Summary: The difference in leaching of amylopectin from cellulose/amylopectin/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim][Cl]) blends during regeneration in water and aqueous ethanol has been studied. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the dissolution and regeneration mechanisms of amylopectin in [Bmim][Cl] are similar to cellulose in ionic liquids. Water regeneration leads to weak electrostatic interactions, resulting in high leaching of amylopectin. In contrast, ethanol-water interactions enhance electrostatic interactions among amylopectin chains, limiting amylopectin leaching in aqueous ethanol.
Article
Polymer Science
Xi Zeng, Junwei Zhou, Junbiao Peng, Chunsheng Zhang, Danling Wang, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng
Summary: This study utilizes an oligomer deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on polyethylene glycol to regulate the vulcanization kinetics of rubber. The results show that the DES can accelerate vulcanization at low temperatures without affecting the crosslinking density and Mullins effect.
Article
Polymer Science
Qianqian Yue, Yongfei Peng, Xingjian Liu, Aihua He, Huarong Nie
Summary: The addition of metal deactivators can effectively suppress the aging of TBIR, prolong its lifespan, and have no negative effects on its physical and processing properties. These research findings are of great importance for improving the stability and aging resistance of polymers.
Article
Polymer Science
J. Gomez-Caturla, J. Ivorra-Martinez, R. Tejada-Oliveros, V Moreno, D. Garcia-Garcia, R. Balart
Summary: This work focuses on the development of environmentally friendly PLA formulations by using different esters derived from geraniol as plasticizers. The results show that these esters have good compatibility with PLA, and they can effectively enhance the elongation and plasticity of PLA, reduce its glass transition temperature, and slightly improve its water absorption capabilities.
Article
Polymer Science
Dandan Li, Zhaohui Lu, Zhao Ke, Ke Xu, Fengna Dai, Youhai Yu, Guangtao Qian, Chunhai Chen
Summary: In this study, cross-linked PI aerogel membranes with low dielectric constant and high moisture resistance were prepared by co-polymerization and scraping coating technology. The incorporation of fluorinated blocks and benzimidazole ring structures resulted in novel PI aerogel membranes with fascinating dielectric properties and outstanding moisture resistance.
Article
Polymer Science
Zhaoyang Chu, Qing Zhang, Haihua Luo, Han Zhou, Fapei Zhang, Wei Chen, Wenhua Zhang
Summary: Multi-physical fields solution processing strategy is a universal and facile method for preparing various conjugated polymer films and high-performance devices. In this study, we employed a combined microfluidic flow and ultrasonication strategy (FU) for processing CP solutions, and found a pronounced synergetic effect in promoting the pre-ordering of chains in solution. The conformation order and anisotropy of the solution were revealed through various characterizations. A non-classical nucleation model for polymer crystallization in non-equilibrium solution processing was confirmed. The roles of microfluidic flow and ultrasonication in chain aggregation and crystallization were addressed through multi-physical simulations. Compared to pristine solutions, the FU strategy showed improved solution anisotropy and crystallization kinetics, resulting in higher crystallinity in films and increased mobilities in OFET devices. The FU processing strategy provides a universal approach for regulating chain conformation and aggregation in conjugated polymer solutions.
