Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Fabio L. M. Ricciardolo, Francesca Bertolini, Vitina Carriero, Andrea E. Sprio
Summary: This systematic review summarizes high-quality evidence published in the last decade on asthma phenotypes and endotypes, exploring various aspects of asthma including symptoms, microbiota composition, comorbidities, viral infections, and inflammatory status of the airways and/or systemic inflammation.
Review
Allergy
Nikita Chapurin, Jeffanie Wu, Alex B. Labby, Rakesh K. Chandra, Naweed Chowdhury, Justin H. Turner
Summary: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a condition characterized by persistent local mucosal inflammation and is associated with high healthcare costs. Personalized treatment approaches using molecular biomarkers, phenotypes, and inflammatory endotypes are currently being researched. Recent studies suggest that understanding the heterogeneity of chronic rhinosinusitis and incorporating these characteristics into clinical care pathways may improve the selection of surgical and therapeutic interventions.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Simona Barni, Davide Caimmi, Fernanda Chiera, Pasquale Comberiati, Carla Mastrorilli, Umberto Pelosi, Francesco Paravati, Gian Luigi Marseglia, Stefania Arasi
Summary: Peach allergy is becoming a common type of fresh-fruit allergy in Europe, particularly in the Mediterranean area. The severity of clinical symptoms varies depending on allergic sensitization profile, ranging from mild oral symptoms to anaphylaxis. The peach allergen Pru p 7 has been identified as a marker of peach allergy severity, particularly in areas with high exposure to cypress pollen. This review discusses the latest findings on molecular allergens, clinical phenotypes, and management strategies for peach allergy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cuneyt M. Alper, Miriam Teixeira, Ellen Mandel, J. Douglas Swarts
Summary: The objective of this study was to develop a diagnostic approach for differentiating the different types of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) and guiding clinicians in selecting targeted treatments. The examination and testing results were analyzed to categorize the different types of ETD. A systematic approach of examination and testing can determine the underlying mechanisms of specific ETD types and provide targeted treatment guidance.
Review
Pediatrics
Laura A. Conrad, Michael D. Cabana, Deepa Rastogi
Summary: Asthma, a complex and heterogeneous disease, has seen recent advancements in understanding its pathobiology, emphasizing the need for more nuanced definitions. Key biomarkers distinguishing childhood asthma subtypes have been summarized, along with a proposed approach to endotyping asthma for clinical care and personalized medicine research in the future.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Atsushi Kato, Anju T. Peters, Whitney W. Stevens, Robert P. Schleimer, Bruce K. Tan, Robert C. Kern
Summary: The study of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has shifted from phenotype-based classification to endotype-based classification, identifying three main endotypes that orchestrate the expression of different gene sets. The development of improved methods for endotyping disease is expanding the use of biological therapies, targeting Type 2 inflammation and potentially other inflammatory endotypes in the future.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Konstantinos Porpodis, Ioanna Tsiouprou, Apostolos Apostolopoulos, Polyxeni Ntontsi, Evangelia Fouka, Despoina Papakosta, Harissios Vliagoftis, Kalliopi Domvri
Summary: This review focuses on different eosinophilic phenotypes and Th2-associated endotypes in asthma, as well as the importance of airway remodeling in eosinophilic endotypes. It examines the evidence of biomarkers for identifying patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma who may benefit from new treatment options. Furthermore, it discusses the results of clinical trials regarding severe eosinophilic asthma and the reduction of recurrent exacerbations through targeted treatment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Valentina Fainardi, Susanna Esposito, Alfredo Chetta, Giovanna Pisi
Summary: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with diverse phenotypes and endotypes. Understanding the patient's phenotype and endotype can guide personalized treatment approaches.
Article
Allergy
Silpa T. Taunk, Juan C. Cardet, Dennis K. Ledford
Summary: This review examines the phenotypic and endotypic characteristics of asthma and their relationship to biologic therapies. Current biologic therapies are most effective in patients with increased type 2 biomarkers, but available biomarkers do not consistently identify specific endotypes. Therefore, clinical decision-making still relies on empirical evidence and the art of care.
ALLERGY AND ASTHMA PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Surya P. Bhatt, Alvar Agusti, Mona Bafadhel, Stephanie A. Christenson, Jessica Bon, Gavin C. Donaldson, Don D. Sin, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Fernando J. Martinez
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major health problem with acute exacerbations that have limited improvements in outcomes. It is important to identify different etioendophenotypes to develop novel therapies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Maria Pierro, Karen Van Mechelen, Elke van Westering-Kroon, Eduardo Villamor-Martinez, Eduardo Villamor
Summary: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease in premature infants, which is caused by the pathological reparative response of the developing lung to pre- and postnatal injuries. The pathogenesis of BPD is multifactorial and heterogeneous, with varying degrees of damage to the development of airways, lung parenchyma, interstitium, lymphatic system, and pulmonary vasculature. Different clinical phenotypes of BPD have been proposed, and personalized medicine approaches can aid in targeted therapeutic and prognostic strategies.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Jin Youp Kim, Sangjun Lee, Dong In Suh, Dae Woo Kim, Hyung-Jin Yoon, Sue K. Park, Chae-Seo Rhee, Doo Hee Han
Summary: This study identified four distinct endotypes of pediatric rhinitis based on allergen sensitization, type 2 inflammation, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR). These endotypes were correlated with symptoms and asthma comorbidity, providing insights for clinicians to understand the wide spectrum of pediatric rhinitis.
ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Stefano Bonini, Andrea Leonardi
Summary: Ocular allergy is a common eye disease with multiple factors influencing its development. Treatment should be holistic, dynamic, and personalized.
Article
Respiratory System
Marine Savoure, Jean Bousquet, Benedicte Leynaert, Adeline Renuy, Valerie Siroux, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Benedicte Jacquemin, Rachel Nadif
Summary: A population-based cohort study in France found that the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) in adults was 28.0% and 10.9%, respectively. AR patients were more likely to have persistent and moderate-to-severe rhinitis, and those with a history of asthma and conjunctivitis had earlier onset and more severe symptoms. These findings provide new insights for the management of rhinitis and its comorbidities.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Qiang Xie, Chenglong Liu, Wenhui Fu, Chen Chen, Shimin Gu, Dan Luo, Wentong Xue
Summary: The study investigated the dynamic changes in intestinal microenvironment factors during the development of gluten-induced allergy (GA). Results showed that the severity of allergic symptoms and diarrhea increased with gluten sensitization frequency, along with rising levels of gluten-specific immunoglobulins, histamine, inflammatory cytokines, and intestinal markers. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome occurred before the onset of true allergic reactions, and specific bacterial clusters were found to be essential in the association between GA and intestinal homeostasis.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Otorhinolaryngology
Wout Backaert, Brecht Steelant, Ipek Guler, Karel Talavera, Mark Jorissen, Rik Schrijvers, Peter W. Hellings, Laura Van Gerven
Review
Allergy
Jonathan A. Bernstein, Andrew A. White, Joseph K. Han, David M. Lang, David Elkayam, Fuad M. Baroody
Summary: This study aimed to analyze published reports on the efficacy and safety of corticosteroid irrigation (CSI) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps and evaluate its clinical implications. CSI is commonly used for the treatment of CRS, but it is not approved by the FDA.
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Sven F. Seys, Peter W. Hellings, Isam Alobid, Vibeke Backer, Emilie Bequignon, Christian von Buchwald, Carlo Cavaliere, Andre Coste, Lauren Deneyer, Zuzana Diamant, Julia Eckl-Dorna, Wytske J. Fokkens, Simon Gane, Philippe Gevaert, Christiane Holbaek-Haase, Clemens Holzmeister, Claire Hopkins, Valerie Hox, Caroline Huart, Roger Jankowski, Mark Jorissen, Anette Kjeldsen, Lisa Knipps, Bibi Lange, Rik van der Lans, Anu Laulajainen-Hongisto, Kenneth Larsen, David T. Liu, Valerie Lund, Gert Marien, Simonetta Masieri, Geoffrey Mortuaire, Joaquim Mullol, Sietze Reitsma, Philippe Rombaux, Sven Schneider, Andreas Steinsvik, Peter-Valentin Tomazic, Sanna K. Toppila-Salmi, Laura Van Gerven, Thibaut Van Zele, Paula Virkkula, Martin Wagenmann
Summary: This study aims to establish an international chronic rhinosinusitis outcome registry based on real-world data collection enabled by mobile health technology. A collaborative scientific network of 17 university ear-nose-throat clinics from 10 European countries has been established to collect data in a longitudinal and standardized manner. Up to 300 patients have already been included.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Philippe Gevaert, Jarno De Craemer, Claus Bachert, Manon Blauwblomme, Adam Chaker, Cemal Cingi, Peter W. Hellings, Claire Hopkins, Valerie Hox, Wytske J. Fokkens, Ludger Klimek, Valerie Lund, Ralph Moesges, Joaquim Mullol, Oliver Pfaar, Glenis Scadding, Peter Valentin Tomazic, Thibaut Van Zele, Stephan Vlaminck, Martin Wagenmann, Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Isam Alobid
Summary: Nasal endoscopy is an important tool for both diagnosis and monitoring of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Unlike patient-reported outcomes, endoscopic nasal polyp scoring provides an objective measurement that is not influenced by the placebo effect. It is a safer and more cost-effective alternative to computed tomography imaging for assessing the extent of the disease.
Editorial Material
Allergy
Oliver J. Price, Stefano Del Giacco, Radoslaw Gawlik, Christer Janson, Mikaela Odemyr, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Matteo Bonini
Article
Allergy
Oliver Pfaar, Philippe Devillier, Jochen Schmitt, Pascal Demoly, Ole Hilberg, Lawrence DuBuske, Nicole Hass, Ted Klok, Caroline Beutner
Summary: The 'Adherence and Persistence in AIT (APAIT)' checklist has been developed as a guide for reporting, designing, and interpreting retrospective studies on adherence or persistence to allergen immunotherapy (AIT). The checklist highlights the importance of transparency in reporting and identifies potential sources of bias in these studies.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jonathan A. Bernstein, Jean-Pierre Llanos, Gillian Hunter, Neil Martin, Christopher S. Ambrose
Summary: This study describes the reduction of annualized asthma exacerbation rate (AAER) from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with allergic severe asthma. The study found that the efficacy of biologics varied considerably overall and by baseline blood eosinophil count (BEC), with tezepelumab consistently demonstrating the greatest reduction in AAER across all subgroups.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
P. J. de Kam, S. Zielen, J. A. Bernstein, U. Berger, M. Berger, M. Cuevas, D. Cypcar, A. Fuhr-Horst, W. A. Greisner, M. Jandl, S. Lassmann, M. Worm, J. Matz, E. Sher, C. Smith, G. C. Steven, R. Moesges, M. H. Shamji, L. DuBuske, F. Borghese, K. Oluwayi, T. Zwingers, M. Seybold, O. Armfield, M. D. Heath, S. J. Hewings, M. F. Kramer, M. A. Skinner
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a modified grass allergen subcutaneous immunotherapy for grass-pollen allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis. The results showed clinically relevant and statistically significant improvements in symptom and medication scores, as well as a good safety profile.
Review
Allergy
Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Cezmi Akdis, Mubeccel Akdis, Athanasios Damialis, Giuseppina Esposito, Ioana Fergadiotou, Christian Goroncy, Pierre Guitton, Maia Gotua, Kleanthis Erotokritou, Tuomas Jartti, Clare Murray, Athanasios Nenes, Sotirios Nikoletseas, Susetta Finotto, Spyros N. Pandis, Valeria Ramiconi, Angela Simpson, Aki Soudunsaari, Anna Starbrost, Maria Staiano, Antonio Varriale, Paraskevi Xepapadaki, Torsten Zuberbier, Isabella Annesi-Maesano
Summary: While the number and types of indoor air pollutants is increasing, little is known about the impact of their synergistic interactions on human health. Different populations have varying susceptibility to pollutants, and low socioeconomic backgrounds further contribute to susceptibility. The SynAir-G project aims to understand and quantify the interactions between different pollutants in order to improve targeting and standards, specifically in the school setting. It will develop a comprehensive monitoring system, advance environmentally friendly interventions, and disseminate knowledge to stakeholders.
Editorial Material
Allergy
Raagini Suresh Yedidi, Jonathan A. Bernstein
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Paul Michel Mertes, Nadine Petitpain, Charles Tacquard, Marion Delpuech, Cedric Baumann, Jean Marc Malinovsky, Dan Longrois, Aurelie Gouel-Cheron, Diane Le Quang, Pascal Demoly, Jean Louis Gueant, Pierre Gillet, ALPHO Study Grp
Summary: This study assessed the relationship between pholcodine exposure and NMBA-related anaphylaxis. It found that exposure to pholcodine and other quaternary ammonium compounds in the environment can increase sensitivity to NMBAs. Pholcodine and quaternary ammonium sIgEs have a high negative predictive value but a very low positive predictive value for identifying NMBA-related reactions.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Dorien Van Broeck, Brecht Steelant, Glenis Scadding, Peter W. Hellings
Summary: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a clinical syndrome characterized by nasal polyposis, asthma, and intolerance to aspirin/NSAID. It affects approximately 15% cases of severe asthma, 10% of nasal polyps and 9% of rhinosinusitis. N-ERD results in associated asthma exacerbations, oral corticosteroids bursts, corticosteroid-dependent disease, and multiple endoscopic sinus surgeries. Unknown influences cause polyp epithelium to release alarmins, activating lymphoid cells and causing complex type 2 inflammation. Treatment strategies for N-ERD include drug therapies, aspirin desensitization, monoclonal antibodies, and other therapies associated.
FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Patricia K. Kakobo, Hilaire K. Kalala, Joseph K. Kelekele, Paulin B. Mutombo, Dieudonne T. Nyembue, Peter W. Hellings, Jean-Marie N. Kayembe
Summary: This study aims to identify the determinants of uncontrolled allergic rhinitis (UCAR) in a hospital setting in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. The study found that factors associated with UCAR include age below 30 years, low vitamin D level, and persistent as well as moderate to severe allergic rhinitis.
FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Sylwia Smolinska, Florin-Dan Popescu, Elena Izquierdo, Dario Antolin-Amerigo, Oliver J. Price, Alberto Alvarez-Perea, Ibon Eguiluz Gracia, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Oliver Pfaar, Filippo Fassio, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Stephanie Dramburg, Ioana Agache, Marek Jutel, Helen A. Brough, Joao A. Fonseca, Elizabeth Angier, Cristina Boccabella, Matteo Bonini, Audrey Dunn Galvin, Peter G. Gibson, Radoslaw Gawlik, Farah Hannachi, Oemer Kalayci, Ludger Klimek, Rebecca Knibb, Paolo Matricardi, Tomas Chivato
Summary: This article aims to describe effective telemedicine communication between healthcare professionals and patients. The article discusses the terminology, important forms, and applications of telemedicine in asthma and allergies. It concludes that telemedicine reduces costs and time but cannot fully replace face-to-face visits. Additionally, confidentiality and information security are important from an ethical perspective.
Article
Allergy
Remy S. Petersen, Laura Bordone, Marc A. Riedl, Raffi Tachdjian, Timothy J. Craig, William R. Lumry, Michael E. Manning, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Jason Raasch, Bruce L. Zuraw, Yiwen Deng, Kenneth B. Newman, Veronica J. Alexander, Cindy Lui, Eugene Schneider, Danny M. Cohn
Summary: The 2-year interim results of this phase 2 open-label extension study of donidalorsen in patients with HAE demonstrated no new safety signals. Donidalorsen was well tolerated with durable efficacy, resulting in a 96% reduction in HAE attacks.