Article
Immunology
Sean A. Taylor, Shilpee Sharma, Christopher A. L. Remmel, Beth Holder, Christine E. Jones, Arnaud Marchant, Margaret E. Ackerman
Summary: Maternal HIV infection is associated with major changes in the biophysical features of maternal IgG antibodies, potentially leading to reduced placental transfer and decreased antimicrobial immunity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kristen W. Cohen, Yuan Tian, Casey Thayer, Aaron Seese, Robert Amezquita, M. Juliana McElrath, Stephen C. De Rosa, Raphael Gottardo
Summary: Ag-specific T cells, particularly polyfunctional CD4(+) T cells, are important for responding to viral infections. In this study, a novel live-cell multiplexed cytokine capture assay was developed to identify and profile vaccine-specific polyfunctional CD4(+) T cells. The researchers found that upregulated surface receptors (CD44 and CD82) and a Th2-biased transcriptional signature (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) were associated with reduced risk of HIV infection. By linking single-cell transcriptional and functional profiles, this study has provided insights into the potential contributions of polyfunctional T cells to vaccine-elicited immunity.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kelly E. Seaton, Yund Huang, Shelly Karuna, Jack R. Heptinstall, Caroline Brackett, Kelvin Chiong, Lily Zhang, Nicole L. Yates, Mark Sampson, Erika Rudnicki, Michal Juraska, Allan C. deCamp, Paul T. Edlefsen, James I. Mullins, Carolyn Williamson, Raabya Rossenkhan, Elena E. Giorgi, Avi Kenny, Heather Angier, April Randhawa, Joshua A. Weiner, Michelle Rojas, Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe, Lu Zhang, Sheetal Sawant, Margaret E. Ackerman, Adrian B. McDermott, John R. Mascola, John Hural, M. Julianna McElrath, Philip Andrew, Jose A. Hidalgo, Jesse Clark, Fatima Laher, Catherine Orrell, Ian Frank, Pedro Gonzales, Srilatha Edupuganti, Nyaradzo Mgodi, Lawrence Corey, Lynn Morris, David Monte, Myron S. Cohen, Peter B. Gilbert, Georgia D. Tomaras
Summary: Based on the analysis of AMP trial data, this study found that VRC01 serum concentration is associated with HIV-1 acquisition and prevention efficacy. Body weight is inversely associated with HIV-1 acquisition and does not modify the prevention efficacy of VRC01. The findings suggest that serum concentration can be used as a marker for dosing regimen selection, and fixed dosing regimens may have comparable prevention efficacy to weight-based dosing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zsuzsanna Kovacs, Fiona Reidy, Louise Glover, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe, Henning Stockmann, Mark T. Kilbane, Patrick J. Twomey, Maire Peters, Merli Saare, Pauline M. Rudd, Meeme Utt, Mary Wingfield, Andres Salumets, Radka Saldova
Summary: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory gynaecological disease characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. This study investigates the changes in N-glycans from whole serum glycoproteins associated with endometriosis. The results show significant alterations in glycan profiles in patients with endometriosis compared to control cases, suggesting the potential of using glycosylation as a diagnostic tool for endometriosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shuaishuai Wang, Ding Liu, Jingyao Qu, He Zhu, Congcong Chen, Christopher Gibbons, Harmon Greenway, Peng Wang, Roni J. Bollag, Kebin Liu, Lei Li
Summary: A new chemoenzymatic strategy was developed to synthesize human IgG glycopeptide standards, allowing for simplified, robust, and precise absolute quantification. Implementation of this method revealed subclass-dependent alterations of serum IgG galactosylation and sialylation in colon cancer samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Solaf Al-Awadhi, Marc Raynaud, Kevin Louis, Antoine Bouquegneau, Jean-Luc Taupin, Olivier Aubert, Alexandre Loupy, Carmen Lefaucheur
Summary: In this systematic review, meta-analysis, and critical appraisal, the impact of complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs on solid organ transplant outcomes was investigated. The study found that complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs were associated with an increased risk of allograft loss and rejection. These findings demonstrate the significant deleterious impact and independent prognostic value of circulating complement-activating anti-HLA DSAs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elena Mitsi, Daniella McLenaghan, Asia-Sophia Wolf, Scott Jones, Andrea M. Collins, Angela D. Hyder-Wright, David Goldblatt, Robert S. Heyderman, Stephen B. Gordon, Daniela M. Ferreira
Summary: This study found that immunization with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine elicits serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses, with serum IgG levels to correlate with those measured in bronchoalveolar lavage samples, but shows poor immunogenicity against serotype 3 in both sites.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anisuzzaman, Soeren Frahm, Ulrich Fabien Prodjinotho, Sonakshi Bhattacharjee, Admar Verschoor, Clarissa Prazeres da Costa
Summary: This study reveals that unidentified heat-labile serum factors are major selective determinants of the host-specificity of schistosomiasis, by directly controlling schistosomal development and survival. Serum has a killing effect on cercariae in mice, but it is not related to the heat-labile complement system and complement-activating natural immunoglobulins.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Russell St. Germain, Emily L. Bossard, Lawrence Corey, Anton M. Sholukh
Summary: The study found that it is difficult to distinguish the effect of serum antibody concentration and antibody properties on immune protection when measuring antibody effector functions at a fixed serum dilution. To address this, researchers adjusted serum samples to the same concentration of antigen-specific IgG and found concentration-independent differences in antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) after mRNA vaccination in subjects with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, which were not detectable in assays performed with fixed serum dilution. Phagocytosis measured at different concentrations of spike-specific IgG strongly correlated with the area under the curve (AUC), indicating that ADCP assay can be performed at a standardized antibody concentration for high throughput vaccine trial analyses.
Article
Immunology
Augusta Horvath, Lisa Rogers, Georgios Pollakis, Olga Baranov, Nora Pieroth, Sarah Joseph, Mkunde Chachage, Asli Heitzer, Lucas Maganga, Frank Msafiri, Agricola Joachim, Edna Viegas, Leigh-Anne Eller, Hannah Kibuuka, Supachai Rerks-Ngarm, Punnee Pitisuttithum, Sorachai Nitayapan, Jittima Dhitavat, Nakorn Premsri, Sarah Fidler, Robin J. J. Shattock, Merlin Lee Robb, Jonathan Weber, Sheena McCormack, Patricia Jane Munseri, Eligius Lyamuya, Charlotta Nilsson, Arne Kroidl, Michael Hoelscher, Ralf Wagner, Christof Geldmacher, Kathrin Held
Summary: Immunogens and vaccination regimens can impact the recognition of immune-epitopes, with the potential to steer responses towards or away from vulnerable viral epitopes. This study examined HIV vaccine trials and found that the induction of V3-specific antibodies did not inhibit the targeting of other linear epitopes. Strong V3 targeting was associated with a stronger overall immune response and recognition of more antigenic regions, while V2 targeting was specific to certain immunogens. These findings suggest that the induction of antibodies against V3 and other vulnerable regions may not be mutually exclusive.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Benjamin S. Goldberg, Chengzi Kaku, Jeremy Dufloo, Timothee Bruel, Olivier Schwartz, David A. Spencer, Ann J. Hessell, Margaret E. Ackerman
Summary: The role of complement system in HIV-1 immunity and pathogenesis is complex, and recent experiments have shown that complement-mediated antibody activities exhibit a high degree of context dependence. Improved understanding of complement activities mediated by HIV-1-specific antibodies has the potential to advance clinical development efforts. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of complement in antibody-mediated prevention of HIV-1 infection by next-generation bnAbs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maphe Mthembu, Kathryn A. Bowman, Leela R. L. Davies, Sharon Khuzwayo, Lusanda Mazibuko, Thierry Bassett, Dirhona Ramjit, Zoey Mhlane, Farina Karim, Galit Alter, Thumbi Ndung, Emily B. Wong
Summary: This study aimed to measure the positivity of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) release assay (IGRA) and Mtb-specific IgG antibodies in healthy adults and those living with HIV. The results suggest that the current reference standard for LTBI diagnosis underestimates Mtb infection in immunosuppressed individuals with HIV. Further research is needed, particularly in HIV-endemic areas.
Article
Virology
Santhi Devasundaram, Margherita Rosati, Antonio Valentin, Svenja Weiss, Vincenza Itri, Hung V. Trinh, Jenifer Bear, Bhabadeb Chowdhury, Celia C. LaBranche, David Montefiori, Guido Ferrari, Mangala Rao, Xiang-Peng Kong, Susan Zolla-Pazner, George N. Pavlakis, Barbara K. Felber
Summary: Priming with DNA expressing the trimeric V1V2 scaffold alters the hierarchy of humoral immune responses to V2 region epitopes, providing a method for more efficient induction and maintenance of V2-specific Env Abs associated with reduced risk of HIV infection. This work demonstrates that focusing immune responses on the V1V2 region through DNA priming vaccination induces improved recognition of epitopes important for protective immunity, particularly V2-specific humoral immune responses inversely correlating with HIV risk of infection in the RV144 trial.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manjunath Ramanjaneya, Ilhame Diboun, Najeha Rizwana, Yaser Dajani, Lina Ahmed, Alexandra E. Butler, Thoraya Ali Almarzooqi, Mohammed Shahata, Moza Khalaf Al Bader, Einas Elgassim, Hasan Burjaq, Stephen L. Atkin, Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra, Mohamed A. Elrayess
Summary: The study found that higher adipsin and lower C5a levels in the maternal serum may be potential markers of successful IVF outcomes in obese women.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Brittani M. M. Barrows, Shelly J. J. Krebs, Ningbo Jian, Michelle Zemil, Bonnie M. M. Slike, Vincent Dussupt, Ursula Tran, Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera, David Chang, Anne Marie O'Sullivan, Brendan Mann, Eric Sanders-Buell, Zhanna Shubin, Matt Creegan, Dominic Paquin-Proulx, Philip Ehrenberg, Agnes Laurence-Chenine, Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai, Rasmi Thomas, Michael A. A. Eller, Guido Ferrari, Merlin Robb, Venigalla Rao, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Victoria R. R. Polonis, Lindsay Wieczorek
Summary: This study found that HIV-uninfected infants acquire HIV-specific antibodies with greater Fc receptor engagement and ADCC capacity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)