Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bingjie Xu, Arshian Sharif, Muhammad Shahbaz, Kangyin Dong
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics between electric vehicle stock and CO2 emissions in eight leading countries, finding that electric vehicles have a negative impact on CO2 emissions while CO2 emissions weakly and positively affect electric vehicles. There is heterogeneity among the countries in the nexus between electric vehicles and CO2 emissions, with mixed directionality of causality between them.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandra Maertz, Patrick Ploetz, Patrick Jochem
Summary: Plug-in electric vehicles are a promising option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector, but the environmental assessment needs to consider the changing carbon emissions in electricity provision, and the issue of up-stream emissions remains unresolved. Research findings suggest that early adoption of PEVs is the most effective way to utilize the remaining carbon budget.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alessandro Tansini, Georgios Fontaras, Federico Millo
Summary: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are considered as a significant solution for reducing CO2 emissions in Europe's transportation sector. This paper presents a new simulation approach to accurately estimate the CO2 emissions from different hybrid architectures and electrification degrees. The approach determines the optimal power split between the propulsion energy converters based on three evaluation levels and utilizes the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS). The results show a high level of accuracy, supporting the evaluation of hybrid powertrain solutions and regulatory efforts.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Emad Kazemzadeh, Matheus Koengkan, Jose Alberto Fuinhas
Summary: This research investigates the contribution of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in mitigating/reducing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions in European countries. The findings suggest that the use of electric vehicles can help reduce the PM2.5 problem, while energy intensity and fossil fuel consumption exacerbate it. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and governments in designing proposals to promote electric vehicle adoption and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jose Alberto Fuinhas, Matheus Koengkan, Nuno Carlos Leitao, Chinazaekpere Nwani, Gizem Uzuner, Fatemeh Dehdar, Stefania Relva, Drielli Peyerl
Summary: The study showed that economic growth has a positive impact on greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption also positively affects emissions, but battery electric vehicles have a negative impact on emissions. Therefore, policymakers need to consider how to effectively promote the use of electric vehicles to achieve emission reduction goals.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tomasz Rokicki, Piotr Borawski, Aneta Beldycka-Borawska, Agata Zak, Grzegorz Koszela
Summary: The introduction of electromobility contributes to increased energy efficiency and reduced air pollution. The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the economic situation in European Union (EU) countries, but has not slowed down the pace of electromobility adoption, and may have even accelerated it. The growth of electric car adoption in the EU increased during the pandemic, indicating a positive change in social behavior related to mobility under the risk of infection.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ibham Veza, Muhammad Zacky Asy, M. Idris, Vorathin Epin, I. M. Rizwanul Fattah, Martin Spraggon
Summary: This study analyzes the environmental and economic implications of different types of vehicles and compares their viability in terms of emission costs, fueling time costs, maintenance costs, and vehicle selection. The research indicates that electric vehicles (EVs) have the lowest CO and CO2 emissions but higher NOx, N2O, SOx, and PM10 emissions compared to other vehicle types. Despite their higher selling prices and emission costs, EVs have the lowest maintenance costs. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) present the most balanced combination of selling price, emission cost, and maintenance cost. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, automotive manufacturers, and consumers in transitioning towards more sustainable transportation solutions.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pierre Laffont, E. Owen D. Waygood, Zachary Patterson
Summary: Research in Quebec province shows that in order to meet emission reduction targets, approximately 49% to 73% of the fleet would need to be converted to electric vehicles. The number of vehicle replacements depends on the strategy used, but the necessity of replacing vehicles is significant.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaojun Liu, Kun Zhang, Hong Tu, Cheng Liu, Yunpeng Sun
Summary: This study investigates the motives behind the levels of molecular pollution during the COVID-19 pandemic and examines the inclusive and local effects of modern planning and urbanization on nonrenewable energy sources using a spatial Durbin file model and an edge backslide model. The findings reveal that factors such as GDP per capita, urbanization, and energy power influence CO2 emissions, but trade receptivity remains unchanged. These findings have important implications for government, health experts, and regulators in the fight against COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
C. M. Costa, J. C. Barbosa, H. Castro, R. Goncalves, S. Lanceros-Mendez
Summary: The economic payback of electric vehicles varies significantly in European countries. Environmental benefits can be achieved at relatively low traveled distances, such as around 30,000 km in Norway and 190,000 km in Poland, being more evenly distributed compared to economic payback.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Caroline Zimm
Summary: The use of electric vehicles has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. However, there are substantial variations in the level of support and adoption of EVs across different countries.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Matheus Koengkan, Jose Alberto Fuinhas, Monica Teixeira, Emad Kazemzadeh, Anna Auza, Fatemeh Dehdar, Fariba Osmani
Summary: Decarbonising the transportation sector is crucial for reducing CO2 emissions. This study found that both BEVs and PHEVs can mitigate CO2 emissions, but BEVs are more effective in minimizing them. Additionally, economic development and energy consumption have a significant impact on CO2 emissions from both BEVs and PHEVs.
WORLD ELECTRIC VEHICLE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karl W. Steininger, Keith Williges, Lukas H. Meyer, Florian Maczek, Keywan Riahi
Summary: The EU is working to increase its climate ambition and negotiate the distribution of mitigation efforts among Member States. The 2021 European Commission proposal for target allocation may not be equitable for every country, indicating a need for further redistribution.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John E. T. Bistline, Geoffrey Blanford, John Grant, Eladio Knipping, David L. McCollum, Uarporn Nopmongcol, Heidi Scarth, Tejas Shah, Greg Yarwood
Summary: Electrification is an important decarbonization strategy that can reduce pollutant emissions and improve air quality. This study evaluates the CO2 and air quality co-benefits of electrification scenarios in the United States and finds that electrification can substantially lower CO2 emissions and improve ozone and fine particulate matter regionally. However, non-energy-related pollution sources may offset the benefits of electrification, indicating the need for additional measures to achieve air quality goals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haidan Wang, Yulong Song, Paolo Valdiserri, Eugenia Rossi di Schio, Xu Yang, Xixi Wang, Feng Cao
Summary: The application of CO2 thermal management system in electric vehicles was comprehensively investigated in this paper. A pseudo-optimal discharge pressure that maximizes the system efficiency was discovered, regardless of whether the system operates in a transcritical or subcritical mode. Additionally, other local maximum points were found, and an accurate prediction method for optimal control was proposed.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Patricia Fortes, Sofia G. Simoes, Filipa Amorim, Gildas Siggini, Valentina Sessa, Yves -Marie Saint-Drenan, Silvia Carvalho, Babar Mujtaba, Paulo Diogo, Edi Assoumou
Summary: This paper assesses the sensitivity of the Portuguese carbon-neutral power sector to climate change by 2050 and its implications for the Carbon Neutrality Roadmap. The study shows that climate change lowers hydropower generation, impacts the cost-effectiveness of solar photovoltaic, and positively affects offshore wind power generation for Portugal. The analysis also highlights the need to include climate change in energy planning due to its impact on the cost-optimal configuration of the annual carbon-neutral power sector.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lurdes Jesus Ferreira, Luis Pereira Dias, Jieling Liu
Summary: The paper examines how cities develop economic instruments and adopt carbon pricing experiments to support climate objectives. It reviews essential concepts and tools for carbon cost formulation and critically analyzes local carbon pricing experiments in fourteen international cities. The study proposes an approach to assess short-term technology cost of CO2 emission reduction and highlights the need for scientifically robust, verifiable, and transferable carbon cost methodologies at the local level.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofia Simoes, Tiago Oliveira, Catarina Nunes
Summary: With the rapid advancement of technology, schools need to adapt and utilize technology as a tool for growth. This study examines the impact of computer factors on students' academic achievement and proposes a model to analyze these influences. Through an online questionnaire, it was found that computer use, employment motivations, and mothers' education are the most important drivers positively affecting academic achievement. Enjoyment attitudes, school environment, interest motivations, and loneliness have negative influences on academic achievement. Additionally, family size and computer self-efficacy act as moderators, while computer use serves as a mediator between computer learning environments and academic achievement.
Article
Economics
Leo Coppens, Maurizio Gargiulo, Marco Orsini, Nathalie Arnould
Summary: The Walloon Region has set an ambitious target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030. To achieve this, a technology-rich, bottom-up model has been developed to simulate cost-effective mitigation scenarios. The study shows that the total cost of the ambitious mitigation scenario is only slightly higher than the reference scenario, and emissions reduction should start as soon as possible to ensure cost-effectiveness.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Joao Flores, Miguel Cavique, Julia Seixas
Summary: This study proposes a design approach to address the issue of energy sustainability, focusing on improving technological efficiency to reduce the impact on natural resources. However, the increase in efficiency leads to a rebound effect on energy consumption and materials. The concept of recycling alone seems insufficient in addressing this problem. The study utilizes the Axiomatic Design theory to create a framework for energy sustainability, identifying the couplings that cause the rebound effect. Decoupling the design through circular economy and the use of renewable energies on a large scale are proposed as possible solutions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Patricia Fortes, Sofia G. Simoes, Teresa Armada Bras, Filipa Amorim
Summary: Climate change may increase water needs for irrigation, competing with other uses such as hydropower. It also has the potential to affect the availability and variability of renewable energy resources and electricity consumption patterns. This study quantifies the competition for water use between irrigation and hydropower in the future Portuguese power sector, considering climate change projections. The results show that climate change can lead to increased irrigation water needs and decreased hydropower capacity. Concurrent water uses can reduce hydropower generation, and alternative energy sources such as solar and battery storage may be used to compensate for the decreased hydropower availability.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Gabriele Cassetti, Baptiste Boitier, Alessia Elia, Pierre Le Mouel, Maurizio Gargiulo, Paul Zagame, Alexandros Nikas, Konstantinos Koasidis, Haris Doukas, Alessandro Chiodi
Summary: This study analyzes the impacts of climate ambition, COVID-19 economic recovery, and behavioral changes on EU transition dynamics, using two large-scale energy-economy models. The results reveal the opportunities and challenges in achieving the EU's 2030 climate targets, with a focus on decarbonization in the electricity and transport sectors. The European Green Deal may lead to increased carbon prices and fossil-fuel rebounds, but certain behavioral changes can mitigate these risks.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Ana T. Lima, Sofia G. Simoes, Davide Aloini, Pierluigi Zerbino, Theoni I. Oikonomou, Spyridon Karytsas, Constantine Karytsas, Oscar Seco Calvo, Beatriz Porcar, I. Herrera, Simon Slabik, Hans H. Duerr, Andrea Genovese, Meletios Bimpizas-Pinis
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sofia G. Simoes, A. T. M. Lima
Summary: The European Union aims to increase the installed capacity of low carbon power plants by 90% by 2030. A spreadsheet model is used to calculate the materials and resources required for new renewable and nuclear power plants, and their CO2e emissions are estimated. Three scenarios are considered for the decade 2020-2030: business as usual, EU manufacture, and circular economy. While circular economy measures reduce resource consumption, they do not significantly reduce carbon emissions. To achieve a circular economy scenario, resource-efficient power plant design and technological advancements in recycling processes are necessary.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Monica Salvia, Filomena Pietrapertosa, Valentina D'Alonzo, Paola Clerici Maestosi, Sofia G. Simoes, Diana Reckien
Summary: Urbanization and concentration of energy-consuming economic activities result in cities being responsible for over 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Meanwhile, cities are increasingly vulnerable to climate change impacts. The European Cities Mission aims to achieve 100 climate-neutral and smart cities by 2030. Research conducted on a diverse sample of 344 candidate cities from 35 countries identified the main dimensions cities are working on for a smart and sustainable transition. Networking, local climate planning, and city participation in international projects were found to be the most important dimensions for cities in this Mission.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
T. Armada Bras, S. G. Simoes, F. Amorim, P. Fortes
Summary: Extreme weather events can significantly impact energy supply, especially when the energy systems heavily rely on renewable sources and are vulnerable to climate conditions. A study evaluating European power plants found that floods and storms increased hydropower capacity factors, while droughts/heatwaves decreased hydropower and increased fossil fuel outputs. Cold waves negatively affected solar photovoltaic output, and wind power plants showed vulnerability to floods. Understanding the historical impact of extreme weather events on the power system is crucial for resilience and stability.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Diana Reckien, Attila Buzasi, Marta Olazabal, Niki-Artemis Spyridaki, Peter Eckersley, Sofia G. Simoes, Monica Salvia, Filomena Pietrapertosa, Paris Fokaides, Sascha M. Goonesekera, Lea Tardieu, Mario V. Balzan, Cheryl L. de Boer, Sonia De Gregorio Hurtado, Efren Feliu, Alexandros Flamos, Aoife Foley, Davide Geneletti, Stelios Grafakos, Oliver Heidrich, Byron Ioannou, Anna Krook-Riekkola, Marko Matosovic, Hans Orru, Kati Orru, Ivan Paspaldzhiev, Klavdija Riznar, Magdalena Smigaj, Maria Szalmane Csete, Vincent Viguie, Anja Wejs
Summary: This study examines the progress of urban adaptation planning in 327 European cities between 2005 and 2020. The results show that the overall quality of adaptation plans is still low in many cities, especially in terms of participation, monitoring and evaluation, and plan consistency. To evaluate plan and policy quality and facilitate learning, the ADAptation plan Quality Assessment indices should be included in the portfolio of adaptation progress assessments and tracking methodologies.
NPJ URBAN SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yasmine Ayed, Patricia Fortes, Rafat Al Afif
Summary: The Paris Agreement prioritizes the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and North Africa, a climate change hotspot, has set national targets for limiting CO2 emissions. This research aims to investigate cost-effective opportunities for decarbonizing the electricity generation sector in the Maghreb region by 2030, using the TIMES MARKAL EFOM model to design a low carbon roadmap and find the cost optimal solution.
TECHNOLOGIES, MARKETS AND POLICIES: BRINGING TOGETHER ECONOMICS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Economics
Marie-Louise Arlt, David Chassin, Claudio Rivetta, James Sweeney
Summary: This paper examines the impact of real-time pricing and load automation on residential distribution systems. The study finds that implementing real-time pricing can result in an aggregate welfare gain of 39 USD per customer and year. However, it also notes that RTP and load automation may significantly increase peak system load. Introducing a market-based demand management system can further enhance welfare gains and reduce grid investment.
Article
Economics
Javier Jorquera-Copier, Alvaro Lorca, Enzo Sauma, Stefan Lorenczik, Matias Negrete-Pincetic
Summary: As countries update their climate ambitions, low-carbon hydrogen production and use present opportunities for emissions reductions and economic development. A case study for Chile shows that integrating hydrogen and electricity networks can lower system costs and enhance renewable integration, but policy support is needed to address concerns related to water and land use.
Article
Economics
Dawit Guta, Hisham Zerriffi, Jill Baumgartner, Abhishek Jain, Sunil Mani, Darby Jack, Ellison Carter, Guofeng Shen, Jennifer Orgill-Meyer, Joshua Rosenthal, Katherine Dickinson, Rob Bailis, Yuta Masuda
Summary: Household solid fuel use is detrimental to health and the environment. The Indian government's PMUY subsidy has successfully promoted the adoption of LPG by millions of households. However, there is limited understanding of the decision-making process to reduce solid fuel use after transitioning to cleaner fuels. This study found that factors such as household wealth, social status, education level, and the prevalence of LPG use in the village are positively associated with LPG consumption and the discontinuation of solid fuel use. On the other hand, factors such as distance to LPG refill delivery, household size, and the PMUY subsidy are negatively associated with the share of LPG use.
Article
Economics
Nicolas Morell-Dameto, Jose Pablo Chaves-Avila, Tomas Gomez San Roman, Pablo Duenas-Martinez, Tim Schittekatte
Summary: This paper assesses the performance of differently implemented forward-looking network tariff designs and proposes an innovative coordination mechanism to increase predictability in a future with many flexible customers. The study reveals that if large shares of customers synchronize their responses to highly time-varying and locational-specific network charges, it can lead to unexpected reinforcements.
Article
Economics
Alexandra Gritz, Guntram Wolff
Summary: Russia's weaponization of gas supplies shook the energy security of Central and Eastern Europe in 2022. The region responded by increasing alternative energy supplies and developing new gas supply routes. Renewable energy, nuclear energy, and hydrogen play important roles in the long-term. Mitigating the impact of this shock requires the EU to prioritize the integrity of its energy market.
Article
Economics
Jaroslaw Kantorowicz, Marion Collewet, Matthew DiGiuseppe, Hendrik Vrijburg
Summary: Economic costs are a major political obstacle to investing in climate change mitigation and adaptation measures. The method of financing plays a crucial role in determining public opposition to government green investments, with debt financing being less opposed than broad-based taxes. This study suggests that credit market tools, such as green bonds and debt for climate swaps, can be politically efficient in increasing support for green financing. Carbon taxes and wealth taxes are found to be the most preferred options.
Article
Economics
Kun Guo, Liyuan Luan, Xiaoli Cai, Dayong Zhang, Qiang Ji
Summary: This paper investigates China's energy trade stability using a survival analysis approach. It finds that the energy trade linkages between China and 153 other countries are complex and unstable, with short periods of trade with many countries. Geopolitically risky regions, such as the Middle East and Africa, have the lowest trade stability. Climate risks have significant effects on energy trade stability. The paper proposes several policy options to improve energy trade stability in China, with special attention to increasing global climate risks.
Article
Economics
Simona Bigerna, Piyush Choudhary, Nikunj Kumar Jain, Silvia Micheli, Paolo Polinori
Summary: This study estimates the willingness to pay of Indian urban consumers for a continuous supply of electricity using contingent valuation method. The findings show that the amount consumers are willing to pay depends on the duration of power outages, with households preferring shorter outages. Income and environmental attitude also positively influence higher willingness to pay. These insights can inform policymakers in designing more reliable and customer-centric energy generation and distribution models.
Article
Economics
Temilade Sesan, Unico Uduka, Lucy Baker, Okechukwu Ugwu, Ewah Eleri, Subhes Bhattacharyya
Summary: This study examines the impact of the regulatory framework on rural electrification and universal energy access goals in Nigeria's mini-grid sector. The findings suggest that while the current framework has fostered sector growth, additional measures are necessary to ensure equitable distribution of access among rural populations.
Article
Economics
Rui Shan, Noah Kittner
Summary: Energy storage is a cornerstone in decarbonization planning as it reduces operational costs and greenhouse gas emissions, while enhancing resilience and renewables integration. However, storage developers in different regions have varying economic and environmental considerations, thereby requiring policy intervention to achieve long-term emission reductions.
Article
Economics
Tung Durmaz, Sevil Acar, Simay Kizilkaya
Summary: This study investigates the phenomenon of strategic capacity withholding in the Turkish electricity market and its relationship with the capacity remuneration mechanism. The empirical results provide strong evidence of strategic capacity withholding and show that the capacity mechanism contributes to the duration of failures. The study offers important insights for policymakers, including the implementation of a random verification mechanism and restructuring of the capacity mechanism in Turkey.
Article
Economics
Tii N. Nchofoung
Summary: The study finds that oil price shocks have a negative impact on Africa's energy transition, particularly in rural areas and net crude oil exporting countries. However, oil price shocks cannot explain the urban-rural differences in clean energy access. Therefore, increasing investment in clean energy and technologies in rural areas is necessary to enhance the resilience of the energy sector to oil price shocks.
Article
Economics
Najia Saqib, Muhammad Usman, Ilhan Ozturk, Arshian Sharif
Summary: This study examines the impact of environmental technologies, financial growth, and energy use on ecological footprint and green growth. Environmental innovation and renewable energy deployment contribute to green growth, while financial expansion and non-renewable energy use have negative effects on the environment. The study also identifies causal relationships between different factors.
Article
Economics
Yessica C. Y. Chung, Noxolo Kunene, Hung-Hao Chang
Summary: The Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) is considered an innovative technology for building a green society. This study investigates the impact of REC purchases on stock return and volume in Taiwan between 2017 and 2021. The findings suggest that REC purchases have a positive effect on stock returns of manufacturing firms but not service firms. The frequency of REC purchases is also an important factor in the relationship between REC purchase and firm value. Additionally, the study reveals that public attention to environmental pollution plays a crucial role in positive stock returns and volume, while ESG disclosure is negatively associated with returns and volume.
Article
Economics
Seife Ayele, Wei Shen, Yacob Mulugetta, Tadesse Kuma Worako
Summary: This paper addresses the challenges of governing energy procurement from a mix of non-hydropower renewable energy sources supplied by independent producers. Building on political economy analysis and five case studies of independent producer projects from Ethiopia, it seeks to understand the root causes of the protracted delays and limited extent of procurement by independent producers. The key contestations lie in managing long term contracts, risk, uncertainty and in developing the institutional and human capacity to transition.
