Article
Mathematics, Applied
Dong Wang, Yi Zhao, Jianfeng Luo, Hui Leng
Summary: This work introduces a simplicial susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible (SIRS) model that combines network higher-order structure with nonlinear incidence rates to study epidemic spreading. The proposed model demonstrates the ability to capture discontinuous transitions, bistability, and periodic outbreaks of epidemics in complex systems. Analyzing the stability of equilibrium points, deriving thresholds associated with bistable states and reinforcement factor critical values, this study expands the simplicial SIS model to SIRS model and offers insights into combining complex system higher-order structure with nonlinear incidence rates.
Article
Geology
A. D. Muscente, Rowan C. Martindale, Anirudh Prabhu, Xiaogang Ma, Peter Fox, Robert M. Hazen, Andrew H. Knoll
Summary: Research demonstrates that communities of organisms reoccur in space and time, with communities largely disappearing and appearing during extinction events and radiations. Analysis of fossil data shows that rates of paleo-community disappearance and appearance are highest during mass extinctions and recovery intervals, respectively, three times greater than background levels. Although taxonomic change is generally a fair predictor of ecological reorganization, there have been times in the past when ecological and taxonomic changes were decoupled.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Xinhong Zhang, Qing Yang
Summary: This paper considers an SVIR model with general incidence rates perturbed by environmental white noises. A sufficient and almost necessary condition for extinction and ergodicity is derived. The introduction of a new technique combining classic Lyapunov function and methods proposed by Du et al. (2016) is a distinctive feature for studying the ergodic stationary distribution and obtaining threshold number.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Aditya Potnis, Vishnu R. Unni, Hong G. Im, Abhishek Saha
Summary: The study investigates the influence of Lewis number on the extinction of premixed flames under non-uniform, unsteady strain conditions. Experimental results show distinct behaviors of flame extinction depending on different Lewis numbers, with a unique pattern observed.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Luke J. Harmon, Matthew W. Pennell, L. Francisco Henao-Diaz, Jonathan Rolland, Breanna N. Sipley, Josef C. Uyeda
Summary: Evolutionary rates are central in connecting micro- and macroevolution, with all types of rates following a similar scaling pattern with time. The highest rates measured over short time intervals suggest a large potential for variation that is underutilized by macroevolution. The ubiquitous scaling pattern of evolutionary rates may lead to unexpected results when comparing rates across different timescales.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS, VOL 52, 2021
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yan Zhang, Shujing Gao, Shihua Chen
Summary: An epidemic model incorporating double saturated incidence rates and relapse was proposed and analyzed in this paper. The intensity of relapse and stochastic perturbations greatly affected the dynamics of epidemic systems. Stronger relapse rates were detrimental to disease control.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Sanja Selakovic, Torbjorn Saterberg, Hans Heesterbeek
Summary: Decreasing or increasing the intrinsic growth rate and abundance of a species can have severe negative impacts on other species in the same food web. Even small changes in the growth rate of a species can lead to quasi-extinctions of other species. The magnitude of change required for quasi-extinction depends on the trophic level of the affected species. These findings suggest that infectious agents may play a crucial role in the structure and balance of ecosystems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Helfrich-Foerster, S. Monecke, I Spiousas, T. Hovestadt, O. Mitesser, T. A. Wehr
Summary: Research has shown that women with menstrual cycles longer than 27 days may intermittently synchronize with the Moon's luminance and/or gravimetric cycles. However, as women age and are exposed to artificial nocturnal light, their menstrual cycles shorten and lose this synchrony.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Valentini, Maksim Borovkov, Elsa Prada, Sara Marti-Sanchez, Marc Botifoll, Andrea Hofmann, Jordi Arbiol, Ramon Aguado, Pablo San-Jose, Georgios Katsaros
Summary: Hybrid semiconductor-superconductor devices have great potential for realizing topological quantum computing with Majorana zero modes. However, the detection of Majorana modes based on either tunnelling or Coulomb blockade spectroscopy is still disputable. In this study, we propose an experimental protocol that allows us to perform both types of measurement on the same hybrid island, effectively reducing ambiguities in Majorana detections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Trishna Bhattacharyya, Abhijit Chatterjee, Sanat K. Das, Soumendra Singh, Sanjay K. Ghosh
Summary: The profiles of aerosols and cloud layers in a high-altitude urban atmosphere in the eastern Himalayas in India were investigated using a Raman LIDAR for the first time. The study also analyzed the vertical distribution of water vapor mixing ratio. The effects of atmospheric dynamics and the interrelation of optical and microphysical properties with synoptic meteorological parameters were studied.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nikko J. Cleri, Jonathan R. Trump, Bren E. Backhaus, Ivelina Momcheva, Casey Papovich, Raymond Simons, Benjamin Weiner, Vicente Estrada-Carpenter, Steven L. Finkelstein, Mauro Giavalisco, Zhiyuan Ji, Intae Jung, Jasleen Matharu, Felix I. I. I. I. I. I. Martinez, Megan R. Sturm
Summary: By using observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, we studied the properties of star formation and dust attenuation in a sample of low-redshift galaxies. We found that there is a correlation between the stellar and nebular attenuation, and that Paschen-beta can be a valuable tracer of a galaxy's star formation rate.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Changjin Xu, Zixin Liu, Yicheng Pang, Ali Akgul
Summary: This paper presents a stochastic model that considers various factors in the spread of COVID-19, such as incubation times, vaccine effectiveness, and quarantine periods. The paper outlines the conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a global solution for the model and uses nonlinear analysis to demonstrate some results on its ergodic aspect. The model is simulated and compared to deterministic dynamics, and its usefulness is validated by comparing the results with actual cases from Iraq, Bangladesh, and Croatia. Additionally, the paper visualizes the impact of vaccination rates and transition rates on the dynamics of infected people.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jan Smycka, Anna Toszogyova, David Storch
Summary: Range size is a universal characteristic of every biological species, and there are theoretical arguments that large-ranged species should have higher diversification rates. However, observation suggests that small-ranged species are often phylogenetically clustered, indicating higher diversification. This study on mammals using a diversification model shows that range size changes during speciation are common and small-ranged species indeed diversify slower. However, both range size and diversification are strongly influenced by idiosyncratic and spatially localized events, which can override the general pattern of range size evolution.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Gonzalo Marcelo Ramirez-Avila, Juergen Kurths, Jason A. C. Gallas
Summary: Stability rings are closed parameter paths in the control space of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor laser where laser stability can be maintained even in the presence of small parameter fluctuations. Research suggests that such stability-enhancing rings are common structures present in the control parameter space of many complex systems.
Article
Thermodynamics
Wenkai Liang, Chung K. Law
Summary: This study proposes a generalized approach to extrapolate the extinction stretch rate from spherically expanding flames. The results indicate the importance of considering finite flame thickness for lean hydrogen/air flames with Le <1, while both the previous nonlinear formulation and the present finite flame thickness descriptions can predict extinction for rich hydrogen/air flames with Le >1. The effects of equivalence ratio and pressure on extinction stretch rate responses are also examined and explained.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Paleontology
Bing Huang, Hang-Hang Zhou, David A. T. Harper, Ren-Bin Zhan, Xiao-Le Zhang, Di Chen, Jia-Yu Rong
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
David A. T. Harper, Emma U. Hammarlund, Timothy P. Topper, Arne T. Nielsen, Jan A. Rasmussen, Tae-Yoon S. Park, M. Paul Smith
JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2019)
Article
Paleontology
Jia-Yu Rong, Kyi Pyar Aung, Ren-Bin Zhan, Bing Huang, David A. T. Harper, Di Chen, Hang-Hang Zhou, Xiao-Le Zhang
Article
Paleontology
Bing Huang, Jiayu Rong, David A. T. Harper, Hanghang Zhou
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Paleontology
Bing Huang, David A. T. Harper, Hanghang Zhou, Jiayu Rong
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
David A. T. Harper, Borja Cascales-Minana, Thomas Servais
GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2020)
Article
Geology
Stephen K. Donovan, Stuart J. Jones, Abigail R. King, David A. T. Harper
Summary: The Almeria-Nijar Basin in southern Spain contains the Cuevas Formation with abundant oysters and diverse borings. These traces suggest physical disturbance plays a significant role in the infestation pattern.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Paleontology
Sofia Pereira, Jorge Colmenar, Jan Mortier, Jan Vanmeirhaeghe, Jacques Verniers, Petr Storch, David Alexander Taylor Harper, Juan Carlos Gutierrez-Marco
Summary: This study describes the first macrofossiliferous Hirnantia Fauna assemblage found in Belgium, indicating a survival of this fauna into the Silurian period, possibly due to delayed post-glacial effects of rising temperature and sea-level. The assemblage shares characteristics with another known example from Rhuddanian rocks in England, suggesting a connection between these regions during the Late Ordovician-early Silurian.
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Paleontology
Jisuo Jin, Robert B. Blodgett, David A. T. Harper, Christian M. O. Rasmussen
Summary: The Late Ordovician Tcherskidium fauna, characterized by large and ribbed shells, was mainly distributed in the paleoequatorial and northern paleotropical zones, while the Southern Hemisphere was influenced by cold-water invasions.
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Bing Huang, Di Chen, David A. T. Harper, Jiayu Rong
Summary: 'Strophodontoid' brachiopods were the dominant group of strophomenide brachiopods during the Silurian and Devonian periods. Their evolution, characterized by the development of denticles along the hinge line, was linked to the disappearance of dental plates and teeth. The discovery of three phenotypes of E. parvicostellata in a single fossil bed suggests a speciation process, and the population differentiation between two phases of the Late Ordovician mass extinction event indicates a Hirnantian origination of the 'strophodontoid' morphology.
Article
Geology
David A. T. Harper
Summary: Despite its small size, Ireland features eight Caledonian tectonic terranes, six of which contain Ordovician brachiopod assemblages. These terranes provide evidence of the early and late stages of the Iapetus Ocean's formation and destruction, with latitude-sensitive brachiopod faunas in the Middle and early Late Ordovician and more cosmopolitan faunas in the later Ordovician.
ESTONIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geology
David A. T. Harper, Tonu Meidla, Thomas Servais
Summary: The Ordovician System was hidden for nearly a century as Murchison and Sedgwick argued over their Silurian and Cambrian systems. It is a long geological period characterized by major magmatic and plate tectonic activity, with significant fluctuations in climate and sea levels and the first mass extinction of marine invertebrates. The period is unique with thalassocratic features and isolated land areas. The introduction of the Ordovician System by Charles Lapworth and subsequent research led to the recognition and understanding of biological and geological events during the period.
ESTONIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Farid Saleh, Romain Vaucher, Muriel Vidal, Khadija El Hariri, Lukas Laibl, Allison C. Daley, Juan Carlos Gutierrez-Marco, Yves Candela, David A. T. Harper, Javier Ortega-Hernandez, Xiaoya Ma, Ariba Rida, Daniel Vizcaino, Bertrand Lefebvre
Summary: The Fezouata Biota is a unique Early Ordovician fossil assemblage that revolutionized our understanding of Earth's early animal diversification. The new fossil locality Taichoute extends the temporal distribution of fossil preservation and expands the range of depositional environments. The discovery at this site provides important insights during a key evolutionary transition in the history of life on Earth.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Svend Stouge, David A. T. Harper, Renbin Zhan, Jianbo Liu, Lars Stemmerik
Summary: New occurrences of middle-late Darriwilian conodonts in southern Tibet are reported, providing important information for precise correlation of strata in various terranes and microcontinents. The conodont specimens from southern Tibet show signs of past high heat exposure, and the discovery of different conodont species in different parts of the Chiatsun Group suggests a change in paleoenvironment during the Middle Ordovician period.
GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE
(2021)
Article
Paleontology
Bing Huang, David A. T. Harper, Hang-Hang Zhou, Ren-Bin Zhan, Yi Wang, Peng Tang, Jun-Ye Ma, Guang-Xu Wang, Di Chen, Yu-Chen Zhang, Xiao-Cong Luan, Jia-Yu Rong
PAPERS IN PALAEONTOLOGY
(2019)
