Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Guangze Li, Boxuan Cui, Chenglin Zhang, Liuyong Chang, Longfei Chen
Summary: A new jet fuel surrogate and a corresponding kinetic chemical mechanism have been developed to accurately simulate the properties and combustion traits of real jet fuel. The surrogate shows a high level of fidelity to real jet fuel, and the mechanism successfully captures the oxidation process of jet fuel. The proposed surrogate fuel and mechanism have the potential to be used in practical engine simulations.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jin Yu, Fanjun Guo, Tao Deng, Ping Liu, Jia-Jia Yu
Summary: This study developed physical-chemical surrogate models for S-8, Jet-A, and RP-3 fuels and verified their accuracy in capturing physical properties and spray characteristics. A high-precision surrogate skeletal mechanism suitable for CFD simulations was also developed and validated. The surrogate models were further used in combustion CFD simulations, showing good agreement with experimental data in fundamental and spray combustion characteristics.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING FOR GAS TURBINES AND POWER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peixin Zhao, Xiuxiu Sun, Xingyu Liang, Guoxi Jing, Teng Ma
Summary: A multi-component surrogate fuel was developed as an alternative to heavy fuel oil, with proportions determined based on the chemical and physical characteristics. The surrogate fuel was extensively validated and found to exhibit reliable overall performance for combustion behavior.
Article
Thermodynamics
Sandra Richter, Goutham Kukkadapu, Charles K. Westbrook, Marina Braun-Unkhoff, Clemens Naumann, Markus Koehler, Uwe Riedel
Summary: This study investigates the fundamental combustion properties of an Alcohol-to-Jet Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (AtJ-SPK), including laminar burning velocity and ignition delay time. Experimental measurements and modeling simulations show that the combustion behavior of this fuel can be accurately predicted under different conditions.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Radi Alsulami, Stephen Lucas, Mitchell Hageman, Michael Knadler, J. Matt Quinlan, Bret Windom
Summary: This study uses a laboratory test method to evaluate the lean blowout characteristics of fuels, finding that characteristics such as heat of combustion, volatility, atomization, and pressure are crucial for predicting lean blowout. The results show correlations between fuel properties and lean blowout behavior, with implications for real gas turbine combustors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dianne Jeanne Luning Prak, Gretchen R. Simms, Terrence Dickerson, Andy McDaniel, Jim S. Cowart
Summary: In this study, surrogates of military jet fuel JP-5 were formulated and tested in comparison to a standard JP-5 fuel. The surrogates were developed based on the chemical composition of real JP-5 fuels, and their physical and chemical properties were optimized. Five surrogates performed similarly to the baseline JP-5 in terms of combustion behavior in a diesel engine. The best surrogate was identified based on its physical properties, chemical properties, and combustion behavior.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Teresa R. Sterner, Tammie R. Covington, David R. Mattie
Summary: An array physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was used to simultaneously quantify dosimetry of multiple compounds, and it successfully predicted internal dosimetry of jet fuel components. The model accounted for metabolism of compounds in the lung and liver, and kinetics in different tissues. It was able to simulate blood concentration and tissue dosimetry data, and was useful for comparing tissue burdens resulting from complex mixture exposures.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhi-Hao Jin, Jin-Tao Chen, Shu-Bao Song, Dong-Xu Tian, Jiu-Zhong Yang, Zhen-Yu Tian
Summary: Experimental study on the pyrolysis of three-component surrogate fuel for jet fuel was conducted, and a detailed kinetic reaction model was developed. The results contribute to a better understanding of the combustion behavior of surrogate fuel, and could aid in a comprehensive investigation of jet fuel combustion properties.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bo Tian, Anxiong Liu, Cheng Tung Chong, Luming Fan, Shiyao Ni, Andrew Hull, Angelica Hull, Stelios Rigopoulos, Kai H. Luo, Simone Hochgreb
Summary: The study investigates the sooting propensity of an Alcohol-to-Jet-Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (ATJ-SKA) biojet fuel compared to Jet A-1 through experimental measurements and numerical simulations. Results suggest that the chemical composition of the fuel may not be the determining factor for sooting propensity, and scanning electron microscope analysis reveals differences in soot particle characteristics produced by different fuels.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yongfei Zhu, Ming Jia, Bo Niu, Jiangping Tian, Haiying Li, Juting Fan
Summary: In this study, an optimized decoupling physical-chemical surrogate (DPCS) model was developed to effectively formulate different diesel surrogates. The model accurately predicted the physical-chemical properties and combustion behavior of the surrogates, and identified the factors influencing the characteristics of different diesel fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Florence H. Vermeire, Syam Ukkandath Aravindakshan, Agnes Jocher, Mengjie Liu, Te-Chun Chu, Ryan E. Hawtof, Ruben Van de Vijver, Matthew B. Prendergast, Kevin M. Van Geem, William H. Green
Summary: Fuel microchannels for regenerative cooling in aviation technologies have gained attention. A kinetic model is developed to study the cracking chemistry of Jet A surrogate and optimize aviation technologies. The model is validated against experimental data and it demonstrates the advantage of detailed chemistry. Cross-reactions between different components are found to be essential.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ming Yang, Shengqiang Lin, Handong Liao, Shiqing Kang, Bin Yang
Summary: A new jet fuel surrogate has been developed through simulation and comparison with experimental data, showing reasonable predictions on major combustion behaviors of Jet A. The chemical properties matching and quantitative analysis are key steps in the formulation process.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Trupti Kathrotia, Patrick Osswald, Julia Zinsmeister, Torsten Methling, Markus Koehler
Summary: This study investigates the molecular structure and chemical reactivity of various hydrocarbons and aviation fuels through simulation and experimental methods. By employing detailed fuel surrogates and high temperature reaction kinetic mechanism, it explores the impact of fuel surrogate components on the formation of fuel intermediates.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tobias Schripp, Tobias Grein, Julia Zinsmeister, Patrick Osswald, Markus Koehler, Franziska Mueller-Langer, Stephanie Hauschild, Christian Marquardt, Sebastian Scheuermann, Alexander Zschocke, Dietmar Posselt
Summary: This article discusses the importance of alternative fuels in future aviation and demonstrates the reduction of soot particle emission from aircraft engines by producing semi-synthetic multiblend fuels from various synthetic sources. The experimental results show a lower formation of relevant soot precursors in Multiblend Jet A-1 with higher hydrogen content compared to the reference fuel, indicating a potential reduction in particle mass and emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhi-Hao Jin, Jin-Tao Chen, Wang Li, Shu-Bao Song, Jiu-Zhong Yang, Zhen-Yu Tian
Summary: The study found that 2-methylfuran (MF) has little effect on the pyrolysis of the three-component (3C) surrogate fuel, while the 3C mixtures play an important role in the decomposition of MF. Specific reactions produce substances like benzene rings and naphthalene, which have a significant impact on the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons and light hydrocarbons.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yizhou Yang, Meikang Han, Christopher E. Shuck, Raj K. Sah, Jay R. Paudel, Alexander X. Gray, Yury Gogotsi, Steven J. May
Summary: High electrical conductivity is desired in MXene films for various applications. A systematic study was conducted to understand the contributions of composition and size to resistivity. The results showed that the Ti content correlated with conductivity and carrier mobility, while flake size and d-spacing had a more prominent impact on low-temperature transport.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Grace Cooksley, Marcus K. Dymond, Nicolas A. Stewart, Giselda Bucca, Andrew Hesketh, Joseph Lacey, Yury Gogotsi, Susan Sandeman
Summary: This study investigates the impact of two-dimensional titanium carbide MXene on pathways related to inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) using an in vitro LECs model. The results demonstrate that Ti3C2T(x) can decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines and does not promote EMT, promoting a positive wound healing response.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Katarina Adstedt, Madeline L. Buxton, Luke C. Henderson, David J. Hayne, Dhriti Nepal, Yury Gogotsi, Vladimir V. Tsukruk
Summary: Carbon fibers are important components in advanced structural composites due to their high strength to weight ratio and thermal and chemical stability. Surface interactions of graphene oxide (GO) and Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoflakes on carbon fibers were studied in this research. The study revealed that these 2D materials not only enhance interface strength but also facilitate efficient charge transfer and increased conductivity, broadening the potential applications of composites.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Meikang Han, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: The rapid development of communication and electronic technologies has generated new demands for electromagnetic radiation protection. MXenes, a type of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, have quickly reshaped the field since their introduction in 2016. This article provides a perspective on the recent progress and challenges of MXenes in electromagnetic jamming protection, specifically electromagnetic interference shielding and microwave absorption. It discusses the intrinsic properties and design strategies of MXenes for optimizing their performance in electromagnetic protection, aiming to clarify misconceptions and objectively assess reported materials. Finally, it examines the future opportunities and challenges in the development of MXenes for electromagnetic radiation protection.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Naresh C. Osti, Xiaobo Lin, Wei Zhao, Xuehang Wang, Chaofan Chen, Yu Gao, Takeshi Torita, Alexander Kolesnikov, Peter T. Cummings, Yury Gogotsi, Eugene Mamontov
Summary: In this study, the impact of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [EmimTFSI], ionic liquid and acetonitrile (ACN) concentrations on the electrochemical performance and ion dynamics of Ti3C2T (x) MXene supercapacitor was investigated. The results indicate that an optimal ACN concentration allows for more cations to attach to the MXene electrode surface, resulting in improved electrochemical performance. This increased capacitance is also associated with enhanced microscopic dynamics of the cation away from the pore wall. These findings provide guidance for optimizing the performance of MXene-based supercapacitors using organic solvents-ionic liquid-based electrolyte systems.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yury Gogotsi
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mailis Lounasvuori, Tyler S. Mathis, Yury Gogotsi, Tristan Petit
Summary: Highly concentrated water-in-salt aqueous electrolytes have potential to replace flammable and toxic organic solvents in energy storage devices. By using operando infrared spectroscopy, this study investigates the hydrogen bonding changes of water confined between MXene layers during electrochemical cycling in a water-in-salt electrolyte. The results provide new insights into the structural changes of the electrolyte during Li+ intercalation in the MXene interlayer space.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mailis Lounasvuori, Yangyunli Sun, Tyler S. Mathis, Ljiljana Puskar, Ulrich Schade, De-En Jiang, Yury Gogotsi, Tristan Petit
Summary: This study investigates the hydration structure of protons intercalated in Ti3C2Tx MXene layers and finds that it differs from protons in bulk water. This finding has important implications for characterizing chemical species in energy storage and conversion applications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Teng Zhang, Christopher E. Shuck, Kateryna Shevchuk, Mark Anayee, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: Layered MAX phases and MXenes derived from them have been synthesized to expand the variety of known materials. The synthesis of three families of titanium carbonitride Tin+1Al(C1-y N-y ) n MAX phases and Tin+1(C1-y Ny )(n)T-x MXenes with different 2D layer thicknesses greatly expands the range of materials. The relationship among the composition, structure, stability, and synthesis conditions of the MXenes and their respective Al-based MAX phases has been investigated. These materials will enable fundamental studies of their properties and applications.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yingqiao Wang, Jane E. Hartung, Adam Goad, Matias A. Preisegger, Benjamin Chacon, Michael S. Gold, Yury Gogotsi, Tzahi Cohen-Karni
Summary: This study investigates the biosafety of Ti3C2Tx-based photothermal modulation. It finds that culturing neurons on Ti3C2Tx films and illuminating them with laser pulses do not cause damage to the cell membrane, induce cellular stress, or generate oxidative stress. These findings provide important insights for the clinical translation of photothermal modulation.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Meikang Han, Danzhen Zhang, Akash Singh, Tetiana Hryhorchuk, Christopher Eugene Shuck, Teng Zhang, Lingyi Bi, Bernard McBride, Vivek B. Shenoy, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: We have found that the MXene family of two-dimensional carbides and carbonitrides can produce selective and ultrathin films and coatings with different infrared emissivity values and colors. By combining different metals in solid-solution MXenes, the infrared emissivity can be finely tuned. Furthermore, the infrared identification capability has been validated using different MXene coatings and patterned MXene fabrics. MXenes' versatility at optical and infrared wavelengths provides a platform for developing MXene-based smart, flexible devices and wearables capable of selective and localized thermal management.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Akari Seko, Shun Sakaida, Masashi Koyanagi, Yasuaki Okada, Takeshi Torita, Mark Anayee, Mikhail Shekhirev, Yury Gogotsi
Summary: MXenes are two-dimensional nanomaterials with various properties and potential applications in electronics, photonics, energy storage, etc. Their hydrophilicity allows them to absorb water from the environment, resulting in swelling and degradation of the assembled films. In this study, we demonstrate that intercalation of N-methylformamide (NMF) improves the stability of MXene films at high temperatures and humidity through host-guest hydrogen bonding. NMF interacts strongly with the MXene surface and occupies the interlayer spacing, reducing water intercalation and maintaining high electrical conductivity in hot and humid conditions.
MRS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mailis Lounasvuori, Tyler S. Mathis, Yury Gogotsi, Tristan Petit
Summary: Highly concentrated water-in-salt aqueous electrolytes, when combined with MXenes, show potential for replacing flammable and toxic solvents in electrochemical energy storage devices. Through operando infrared spectroscopy, this study investigates the hydrogen bonding of water intercalated between MXene layers during electrochemical cycling in a water-in-salt electrolyte. The findings provide new insights into the structural changes of the electrolyte during the intercalation of Li+ in the MXene interlayer space.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew J. Fox, Ashlee Aiello, Shize Yang, Paul C. Trulove, David P. Durkin, Elena Cimpoiasu
Summary: Biocomposites containing magnetic nanoparticles have the potential to combine the unique properties of nanoparticles with the strong mechanical and sustainable properties of natural fibers. This study investigates how the structural and magnetic properties of these biocomposite materials are affected by increasing metal loading, finding that higher metal loading enhances nanoparticle heterogeneity and agglomeration.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Paraskevi Flouda, Alex Inman, Mariana Gumenna, Daria Bukharina, Valery V. Shevchenko, Yury Gogotsi, Vladimir V. Tsukruk
Summary: By combining MXene nanosheets with branched ionic nanoparticles from polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) using an amphiphilicity-driven assembly, a novel composite monolayer has been formed. This monolayer allows for the fabrication of multilayered films with enhanced specific capacitance and improved electrochemical cycling stability. It provides a promising pathway for the development of hybrid electrode architectures for long-term energy cycling and storage.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
