Journal
NUCLEAR FUSION
Volume 57, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aa60af
Keywords
fusion materials testing; DEMO; fusion reactor structural and plasma-facing materials; isotopic- and chemically tailored steels; engineering code development for fusion materials; fusion neutron sources
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Funding
- EURATOM Eurofusion Horizon 2020 programme
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences
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Materials damage by 14.1MeV neutrons from deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion reactions can only be characterised definitively by subjecting a relevant configuration of test materials to high-intensity 'fusion-neutron spectrum sources', i.e. those simulating closely D-T fusion-neutron spectra. This provides major challenges to programmes to design and construct a demonstration fusion reactor prior to having a large-scale, high-intensity source of such neutrons. In this paper, we discuss the different aspects related to these 'relevant configuration' tests, including: generic issues in materials qualification/ validation,comparing safety requirements against those of investment protection; lessons learned from the fission programme, enabling a reduced fusion materials testing programme; the use and limitations of presently available possible irradiation sources to optimise a fusion neutron testing program including fission-neutron irradiation of isotopically and chemically tailored steels, ion damage by high-energy helium ions and self-ion beams, or irradiation studies with neutron sources of non-fusion spectra; and the different potential sources of simulated fusion neutron spectra and the choice using stripping reactions from deuterium-beam ions incident on light-element targets.
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