Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moyad Shahwan, Fahad Alhumaydhi, Ghulam Md Ashraf, Prince M. Z. Hasan, Anas Shamsi
Summary: Compromised carbohydrate metabolism leading to hyperglycemia is the primary metabolic disorder of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Polyphenolic compounds play an important role in regulating insulin resistance and carbohydrate metabolism through inhibiting key enzymes and activating specific pathways to control blood glucose levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shen Lu, Yanrong Li, Zhaojun Qian, Tiesuo Zhao, Zhiwei Feng, Xiaogang Weng, Lili Yu
Summary: This article reviews the role and research progress of the inflammasome in insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), emphasizing on the structure, activation, and regulation of several main inflammasomes. The therapeutic options associated with inflammasome for the treatment of T2DM, particularly NLRP3-related agents, are also discussed. In summary, this review provides insights into the involvement of the inflammasome in IR and T2DM and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Annika Vestergaard Kvist, Mohamad I. Nasser, Peter Vestergaard, Morten Frost, Andrea M. Burden
Summary: A study in Denmark from 1997 to 2017 found that the incidence rates of fractures were higher in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared to those without diabetes, except for foot fractures. The incidence of hip fractures decreased by 35.2%, 47.0%, and 23.4% in patients with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and without diabetes, respectively, over the last 5 years. However, vertebral fractures increased by 14.8%, 18.5%, and 38.9% in the same groups. After age adjustment, patients with type 1 diabetes still had a higher risk of fractures compared to those without diabetes, while patients with type 2 diabetes had a risk similar to those without diabetes.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lin Bai, Yue Zhou, Jie Zhang, Junpeng Ma
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with dementia, and nutritional and metabolic treatments, such as the ketogenic diet (KD), may provide therapeutic benefits. The KD induces ketosis and can protect neurons in the aging brain, improve neuronal function, and restore neuronal metabolism. This review explores the potential role of the KD in preventing dementia in T2DM patients and highlights its neuroprotective effects, suggesting it as a future therapeutic strategy for T2DM-induced dementia.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jillian C. Ryan, Mary Barnes, David N. Cox
Summary: This study identified sex and future orientation as important factors influencing T2DM status, highlighting the need for separate targeting of men and women in T2DM prevention or management programs, and future research should focus on future orientation.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Lulu Cheng, Siyu Wang, Hailan Tang
Summary: This study utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to evaluate the causal impact of DM2 on OP, and found that DM2 has a protective effect on OP.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hend Alfadul, Shaun Sabico, Nasser M. Al-Daghri
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the emerging role of interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results indicate that there is no significant difference in IL1 beta concentrations between T2DM patients and controls. The study highlights the limited evidence available and emphasizes the need for larger sample sizes and standardized assays in future research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Li-Mei Li, Bei-Ge Jiang, Liang-Liang Sun
Summary: Diabetes is a highly heterogeneous metabolic disease with different types and clinical manifestations. Distinguishing between types and defining subtypes is a major challenge in precise treatment. T2D is the main type of diabetes, and certain gene variants have been shown to increase the risk of T2D. HNF1 alpha gene mutations can cause different types of diabetes and exhibit high polymorphism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yanju Li, Feiqing Wang, Huiling Liang, Dongxin Tang, Mei Huang, Jianing Zhao, Xu Yang, Yanqing Liu, Liping Shu, Jishi Wang, Zhixu He, Yang Liu
Summary: The meta-analysis included 10 studies with a total of 239 participants, evaluating the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy in treating diabetes mellitus. The results showed that MSC treatment led to significantly lower HbA1c levels, higher fasting C-peptide levels, and reduced insulin requirement in T1DM patients.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Georgia Chatzi, William Whittaker, Tarani Chandola, Thomas Mason, Claudia Soiland-Reyes, Matt Sutton, Peter Bower
Summary: The impact factors of the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (DPP) in England are not well understood. This study compares the representation of non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) population at different stages of the DPP and finds that younger and older adults, as well as people living in deprived areas, are slightly under-represented in the programme. Ethnic minorities are over-represented at the identification and offer stages but drop at the programme completion stage. The DPP has the potential to reduce ethnic inequalities but may widen socioeconomic, age, and health-related inequalities in T2DM.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shih-Chun Pan, Ching-Chun Huang, Bing-Yu Chen, Wei-Shan Chin, Yue Leon Guo
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether air pollutants modify the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM). The results showed that exposure to high levels of PM2.5 and O-3 increases the risk of DM, and GDM acts synergistically with PM2.5 exposure in DM development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aditi R. Saxena, Donal N. Gorman, Ryan M. Esquejo, Arthur Bergman, Kristin Chidsey, Clare Buckeridge, David A. Griffith, Albert M. Kim
Summary: In this study, danuglipron showed good tolerability in T2D patients, with a safety profile consistent with the mechanism of action of GLP-1R agonism.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bo Xu, Shaoqian Li, Bo Kang, Jiecan Zhou
Summary: This article examines the clinical benefit, safety, and tolerability of the four SGLT2 inhibitors approved by the US FDA for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. SGLT2 inhibitors reduce hyperglycemia by increasing urinary glucose excretion and improving beta-cell function. Early clinical trials have shown their beneficial effects with acceptable safety and excellent tolerability.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Elena Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Esteban Porrini, Armando Torres
Summary: This article discusses the mechanisms by which insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction lead to the onset of type-2 diabetes, as well as the similar pathways of diabetes induced by the immunosuppressant TAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinyang Guo, Yiqiao Xing, Wei Jin
Summary: Diabetic microangiopathy is a common and severe problem in diabetics, and it includes diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiomyopathy. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is significantly elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes and microvascular complications. ADMA promotes the occurrence and progression of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes through influencing endothelial cell function, oxidative stress damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. This review paper explores the association between ADMA and microvascular complications of diabetes, and provides new insights and potential treatment options.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2015)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2015)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Holmes
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
David I. R. Holmes, Ian C. Zachary
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2008)
