Article
Engineering, Environmental
Saleem H. Ali, Sophia Kalantzakos, Roderick Eggert, Roland Gauss, Constantine Karayannopoulos, Julie Klinger, Xiaoyu Pu, Kristin Vekasi, Robert K. Perrons
Summary: The world may be facing an infrastructure gap hindering the green energy transition due to significant amounts of feedstock metals required. Attention has been focused on the extractive aspects of the mining industry with few considerations for downstream processing segments. Growing international tensions have led to regional powers reshoring and near-shoring mining processing capabilities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lisa J. Kewley
Summary: Data from Australia indicates that women in senior levels of astronomy have low participation rates and higher attrition rates compared to men. Modeling suggests that without intervention, the proportion of women in academia will remain below 30% for at least 60 years. Implementing gender equality in hiring and retention, as well as affirmative action, could achieve 33% and 50% female representation within 20 years and 10-25 years, respectively.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. Puglia, E. A. Martinez, G. C. Menard, A. Poschl, S. Gronin, G. C. Gardner, R. Kallaher, M. J. Manfra, C. M. Marcus, A. P. Higginbotham, L. Casparis
Summary: In this study, conductance-matrix measurements were conducted in long, three-terminal hybrid superconductor-semiconductor nanowires to investigate a magnetic-field-driven, topological quantum phase transition. By analyzing nonlocal conductance, the closure of the excitation gap in the bulk of the semiconductor was identified before the appearance of zero-bias peaks, ruling out spurious gap-closure signatures from localized states. It was observed that after the gap closes, nonlocal signals and zero-bias peaks fluctuated strongly at both ends, which was inconsistent with a simple picture of clean topological superconductivity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rong Zhang, Jian-Feng Sun
Summary: A promising cyan-emitting phosphor Rb2CaPO4F:Eu2+ with good thermal stability and high internal quantum efficiency was synthesized in this study, which can serve as a candidate to fill the cyan gap in the full-visible spectrum. This research also demonstrates great potential for exploring novel phosphors inspired by mineral-type structural prototypes.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Meng-Chun Tseng, Alvaro Roel, Ignacio Macedo, Muzio Marella, Jose Terra, Gonzalo Zorrilla, Cameron M. Pittelkow
Summary: Field-level assessments are crucial for developing sustainable management practices to increase crop production. This study in Uruguay found that early seeding and nitrogen rate were the most influential factors for closing the yield gap in rice production. The study highlights the importance of using large field-level datasets to quantify yield gaps and develop strategies for improving agricultural productivity.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Yucheng Wang, Shaobing Peng, Jianliang Huang, Yali Zhang, Lu Feng, Wenqing Zhao, Haikun Qi, Guangsheng Zhou, Nanyan Deng
Summary: China is the world's second largest producer of cotton but the largest consumer, heavily reliant on imports. Recent changes have seen the production center shift to Xinjiang, with a potential for significant production increase and selfsufficiency ratio reaching over 90%. Further opportunities for production increase exist in other major cotton-growing provinces such as Hebei and Hubei.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minzhong Zou, Shaozhong Kang
Summary: Closing the irrigation water productivity gap is essential for alleviating water deficits and ensuring food security. This study assesses the achievements and risks of the Heihe Ecological Water Diversion Project (EWDP), and analyzes the potential approaches to improve water productivity and the benefits of closing the gap. The results indicate that the EWDP effectively reallocates water resources, but also leads to imbalances and deterioration of groundwater and farmland environment. Implementing measures such as reducing planting area and improving irrigation efficiency can greatly alleviate water shortage and over-extraction of groundwater.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Kalimuthu Senthilkumar
Summary: Despite efforts to increase rice production in Africa, there is still a yield gap and the need for rice imports. Previous studies focused on irrigated lowlands and found that good agricultural practices can improve rice yield, but there is a difference between model-based yield gaps and actual yield gain. Further research is needed to identify factors causing this difference.
FIELD CROPS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geography
Antoine Paccoud, Pauline Niesseron, Alan Mace
Summary: This article analyzes the interrelation of ethnicity, class, and tenure in gentrification trajectories in England between 2001 and 2011, highlighting the impact of buying-to-let gentrification on social change and discussing how middle-class individuals entering gentrifying areas as private renters are not classical gentrifiers.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
John J. Johnson, Jose J. Padilla, Saikou Y. Diallo
Summary: The study explores the impact of interventions by students, teachers, and parents on closing the academic achievement gap in the US education system, with simulations showing that combined interventions have the greatest effect. The research highlights the importance of stakeholders working together to reduce the achievement gap.
JOURNAL OF SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sebastian Martinuzzi, Ashley M. Olah, Luis Rivera, Natalia Politi, Eduarda M. O. Silveira, Guillermo Martinez Pastur, Yamina M. Rosas, Leonidas Lizarraga, Paula Nazaro, Sofia Bardavid, Volker C. Radeloff, Anna M. Pidgeon
Summary: Closing the research-implementation gap is crucial for biodiversity conservation. This study in Argentina combines species distributions, human footprint data, and existing forest zoning to identify priority forest conservation areas. The research highlights the inadequacy of the current zoning scheme in protecting priority conservation areas and emphasizes the value of integrating species distributions and human footprint maps into land use plans to guide conservation efforts.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chun Li, Shuihua Zhang, Yi Meng, Jun Tie, Rentao Zhao, Qingyu Zeng, Hao Xiao, Dongwei Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the background current issue of reflective optical fiber current sensors in strong magnetic fields, and proposed a method to reduce the background current through magnetic shielding, with the research results showing an effective shielding rate exceeding 95%.
JOURNAL OF SENSORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sarah Hafner, Aled Jones, Annela Anger-Kraavi, Irene Monasterolo
Summary: The study shows that closing the green finance gap through policy measures and transitioning to low-carbon power can lead to reduced power system costs, lower unemployment rates, and increased GDP.
ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION AND SOCIETAL TRANSITIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chun Li, Shuihua Zhang, Yi Meng, Jun Tie, Rentao Zhao, Qingyu Zeng, Hao Xiao, Dongwei Liu
Summary: This paper investigates the issue of background current in reflective optical fiber current sensors when used in strong magnetic fields and proposes a method to reduce the background current by magnetic shielding.
JOURNAL OF SENSORS
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zitong Liu, Qianqian Bian, Jie Bai, Gang He, Mingyou Chen, Huifang Zheng, William D. Batchelor, Haiyan Wang, Jiahui Cong, Hao Ying, Yulong Yin, Qingsong Zhang, Zhenling Cui, Fusuo Zhang
Summary: This study finds that in wheat production in China, it is possible to maintain current production without groundwater extraction by reducing the yield gap. The work provides essential insights and detailed spatiotemporal information for policymakers.
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY-AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
