Article
Cell Biology
Bingbing Dai, Jithesh J. Augustine, Ya'an Kang, David Roife, Xinqun Li, Jenying Deng, Lin Tan, Leona A. Rusling, John N. Weinstein, Philip L. Lorenzi, Michael P. Kim, Jason B. Fleming
Summary: This study identified a novel compound NSLC01 that selectively targets NRF2-activated pancreatic cancer cells, inducing significant anticancer effects, especially in cells with high NRF2 activation. NSLC01 induces apoptosis in cancer cells by inhibiting protein translation and suppressing de novo synthesis of amino acids, leading to synthetic lethal effects in NRF2-activated pancreatic cancers.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marc A. Vittoria, Nathan Kingston, Kristyna Kotynkova, Eric Xia, Rui Hong, Lee Huang, Shayna McDonald, Andrew Tilston-Lunel, Revati Darp, Joshua D. Campbell, Deborah Lang, Xiaowei Xu, Craig J. Ceol, Xaralabos Varelas, Neil J. Ganem
Summary: Activating mutations of BRAF alone are not enough to drive melanoma formation. Activation of the Hippo signaling pathway by oncogenic BRAF acts as an additional safeguard to limit the growth of BRAF-dependent melanocytes and melanoma formation. The Hippo pathway enforces the stable arrest of nevus melanocytes and serves as a critical barrier to melanoma development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Filippo de Braud, Christophe Dooms, Rebecca S. Heist, Celeste Lebbe, Martin Wermke, Anas Gazzah, Dirk Schadendorf, Piotr Rutkowski, Juergen Wolf, Paolo A. Ascierto, Ignacio Gil-Bazo, Shumei Kato, Maria Wolodarski, Meredith McKean, Eva Munoz Couselo, Martin Sebastian, Armando Santoro, Vesselina Cooke, Luca Manganelli, Kitty Wan, Anil Gaur, Jaeyeon Kim, Giordano Caponigro, Xuan-Mai Couillebault, Helen Evans, Catarina D. Campbell, Sumit Basu, Michele Moschetta, Adil Daud
Summary: This study explores a targeted therapy for treating NRAS-mutant melanoma, showing promising antitumor activity in patients with the use of LXH254 and trametinib in combination.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Franck Carbonnel, Emilie Routier, Thierry Lazure, Charlotte Mussini, Christophe Bellanger, Carine Merklen, Bakhtiar Bejou, Anthony Buisson, Aurelien Amiot, Antoine Meyer, Catherine Dong, Caroline Robert
Summary: This study provides the first systematic description of colitis caused by dual blockade of BRAF and MEK kinases in the treatment of melanoma. The study found that severe colitis characterized by ulcerations of the right colon can occur, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and intestinal obstruction. In some cases, the colitis was associated with ischemic changes and inflammation.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sharad S. Singhal, Saumya Srivastava, Tamara Mirzapoiazova, David Horne, Sanjay Awasthi, Ravi Salgia
Summary: Metastatic melanoma treatment is hindered by dysregulation of signaling pathways like MAP and RLIP, causing cell apoptosis and regression. CDE plays a crucial role in promoting melanoma cell proliferation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Barbato, Antonella Iuliano, Mariagrazia Volpe, Romina D'Alterio, Simona Brillante, Filomena Massa, Rossella De Cegli, Sabrina Carrella, Massimiliano Salati, Annapina Russo, Giulia Russo, Sara Riccardo, Davide Cacchiarelli, Mariaelena Capone, Gabriele Madonna, Paolo A. Ascierto, Brunella Franco, Alessia Indrieri, Pietro Carotenuto
Summary: The study identified miR-181a/b as significantly down-regulated in drug-resistant melanoma patients and cell lines, with re-establishment reversing resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Introduction of miR-181 mimics decreased TFAM expression in resistant melanoma cells. Overall, miR-181a/b could reverse resistance to BRAF inhibitors and were down-regulated in tumor samples. Melanoma tissues with high miR-181a/b expression had favorable outcomes, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for therapy selection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Nakul Dar, Sarah E. Gradecki, Elizabeth M. Gaughan
Summary: Targeted therapies, such as BRAF and MEK inhibitors, are important treatment options for patients with advanced melanoma. Sarcoidosis, a non-caseating granulomatous inflammation, is associated with melanoma and is increasingly seen in patients undergoing anti-melanoma therapy. Differentiating sarcoidosis from malignancy-related findings is a challenge for clinicians.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mariusz L. Hartman, Anna Gajos-Michniewicz, Julita A. Talaj, Aleksandra Mielczarek-Lewandowska, Malgorzata Czyz
Summary: Targeting therapies for BRAF(V600) and MEK1/2 rarely have lasting effects in melanoma patients. By studying BRAF(V600E) melanoma cell lines, it was found that encorafenib can modulate the balance of apoptosis-regulating proteins, predict induction of apoptosis, and demonstrate that MCL-1 is a druggable target to potentiate encorafenib activity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noora Barzkar, Zahoor Khan, Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi, Sajjad Pourmozaffar, Mohsen Gozari, Reza Nahavandi
Summary: Marine organisms are valuable sources of enzymes and their inhibitors with great therapeutic potential, particularly serine proteases and their inhibitors showing promise in biomedical applications. The uncontrolled activity of these proteases can lead to diseases, but their actions are regulated by serine protease inhibitors to maintain physiological functions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xing Liu, Jing-jing Li, Ya Ding, Dan-dan Li, Xi-zhi Wen, De-sheng Weng, Jiu-hong Wang, Hang Jiang, Xiao-shi Zhang
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of BRAFi and BRAFi-based combination therapies in Chinese patients with melanoma. The results showed that these therapies were well-tolerated with reversible adverse events.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandra E. Zimmermann, Samira Blau, Henning Frerigmann, Stephan Krueger
Summary: Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase 1 in the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis is crucial for the synthesis of serine, enabling plants to grow at high rates of indolic glucosinolate biosynthesis. Plants have evolved effective defense strategies against various pathogens through the synthesis of specialized metabolites. The role of primary metabolism in fulfilling the requirements of specialized metabolism, such as the synthesis of defensive compounds, remains not completely understood.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yukiko Kiniwa, Kenta Nakamura, Asuka Mikoshiba, Atsuko Ashida, Yasuyuki Akiyama, Atsushi Morimoto, Ryuhei Okuyama
Summary: CTCs are present even in early-stage melanoma and the number of CTCs may reflect patients' responses to BRAF/MEK inhibitor treatment. Furthermore, genetic heterogeneity of BRAF may contribute to resistance to BRAF/MEK inhibitors.
Article
Oncology
Morgan Homan, Govind Warrier, Christopher D. Lao, Sarah Yentz, Shawna Kraft, Leslie A. Fecher
Summary: This study describes the treatment-related toxicities of adjuvant dabrafenib and trametinib combination therapy for patients with resected melanoma and finds that the majority of patients experience treatment-limiting toxicities. Therefore, close monitoring of patients is necessary during treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Anna Stagno, Sabrina Vari, Alessio Annovazzi, Vincenzo Anelli, Michelangelo Russillo, Francesco Cognetti, Virginia Ferraresi
Summary: This article reports the experience of rechallenging with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in patients with metastatic BRAF-mutated melanoma after progression with kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy. Two out of four patients had partial response, one patient had rapid disease progression, and another patient showed clinical benefit and stable disease. Adverse events were manageable and better tolerated at rechallenge by two patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Sen Guo, Qiao Yue, Shiyu Wang, Huina Wang, Zhubiao Ye, Weigang Zhang, Qiong Shi, Tianwen Gao, Chunying Li, Guannan Zhu
Summary: Sestrin2 plays a role in BRAFi resistance in melanoma cells and helps the cells adapt to higher oxidative stress. Knockdown of Sestrin2 activates mTOR signaling, and the combination of mTOR blockade and Sestrin2 ablation enhances the inhibition of melanoma cell growth.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anna Myriam Perrone, Martina Ferioli, Lisa Argnani, Francesca De Terlizzi, Cecilia Pirovano, Piero Covarelli, Giulia Dondi, Marco Tesei, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Gloria Ravegnini, Andrea Galuppi, Alessio G. Morganti, Pierandrea De Iaco
Summary: A multicenter prospective observational study found that palliative electrochemotherapy (ECT) can improve quality of life in patients with vulvar cancer (VC), with better results in patients with good clinical response, smaller lesions, and lesions located in the anterior part.
Article
Cell Biology
Irene Soffritti, Maria D'Accolti, Gloria Ravegnini, Maria-Cristina Arcangeletti, Clara Maccari, Flora De Conto, Adriana Calderaro, Elisabetta Caselli
Summary: Viral infections, particularly by HCMV and HHV-6, may play a role in the onset and progression of systemic sclerosis by modulating miRNA expression and causing cell fibrosis, potentially serving as biomarkers for SSc diagnosis, assessment of disease progression, and antifibrotic therapies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio De Leo, Donatella Santini, Claudio Ceccarelli, Giacomo Santandrea, Andrea Palicelli, Giorgia Acquaviva, Federico Chiarucci, Francesca Rosini, Gloria Ravegnini, Annalisa Pession, Daniela Turchetti, Claudio Zamagni, Anna Myriam Perrone, Pierandrea De Iaco, Giovanni Tallini, Dario de Biase
Summary: Ovarian carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with different types and characteristics. The WHO classifies them into five distinct types, each with unique molecular features. Advances in molecular pathology have improved our understanding of ovarian carcinomas and can guide personalized clinical decisions.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cecilia Catellani, Gloria Ravegnini, Chiara Sartori, Sabrina Angelini, Maria E. Street
Summary: Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system play crucial roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, while miRNAs and lncRNAs regulate gene expression and have been linked to diseases such as cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Federica D'Amico, Anna Myriam Perrone, Simone Rampelli, Sara Coluccelli, Monica Barone, Gloria Ravegnini, Marco Fabbrini, Patrizia Brigidi, Pierandrea De Iaco, Silvia Turroni
Summary: This pilot study on the trajectory of gut microbiota in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer undergoing chemotherapy found distinct changes in the microbiota of platinum-resistant patients, potentially linked to therapeutic failure. In contrast, platinum-sensitive patients showed more diverse and stable microbiota, which may be beneficial for treatment.
Review
Oncology
Gloria Ravegnini, Francesca Gorini, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Antonio De Leo, Dario De Biase, Marco Di Stanislao, Patrizia Hrelia, Sabrina Angelini, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone
Summary: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer with challenging diagnostic and prognostic features. miRNAs play an important role in EC but there is currently lack of consensus in studies. Future research needs to explore more diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and address the challenges in the current classification schemes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Giulia Dondi, Eleonora Porcu, Alessandra De Palma, Giuseppe Damiano, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Linda Cipriani, Maria Dirodi, Gloria Ravegnini, Antonio De Leo, Margherita Nannini, Martina Ferioli, Alessio G. Morganti, Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone
Summary: Uterine sarcomas, rare cancers sometimes diagnosed in women of childbearing age, may be treated using fertility-sparing treatments in selected early stage cases. The outcomes of such treatments are influenced by the histology of the tumor, with leiomyosarcoma showing the worst prognosis and highest death rate among the subtypes mentioned in the systematic review.
Article
Oncology
Gloria Ravegnini, Antonio De Leo, Camelia Coada, Francesca Gorini, Dario de Biase, Claudio Ceccarelli, Giulia Dondi, Marco Tesei, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Donatella Santini, Angelo Gianluca Corradini, Giovanni Tallini, Patrizia Hrelia, Pierandrea De Iaco, Sabrina Angelini, Anna Myriam Perrone
Summary: The study found that miR-499a-3p and miR-499a-5p were overexpressed in CTNNB1 mutant EC patients, while NSMP patients with low miR-499a-5p expression had longer overall survival. Combining CTNNB1 status and miR-499a-5p levels allows better stratification of NSMP patients and may promote personalized treatment in intermediate-risk patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Maria A. Pantaleo, Milena Urbini, Angela Schipani, Margherita Nannini, Valentina Indio, Antonio De Leo, Bruno Vincenzi, Antonella Brunello, Giovanni Grignani, Mariaelena Casagrande, Elena Fumagalli, Elena Conca, Maristella Saponara, Elisa Gruppioni, Annalisa Altimari, Dario De Biase, Giovanni Tallini, Gloria Ravegnini, Daniela Turchetti, Marco Seri, Andrea Ardizzoni, Paola Secchiero, Annalisa Astolfi
Summary: Germline SDHA variants are highly prevalent in SDHA-deficient GIST, and the disease may occur in older adults as well. Genetic testing and surveillance should be conducted for SDHA mutation carriers and their relatives.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Camelia Alexandra Coada, Giulia Dondi, Gloria Ravegnini, Antonio De Leo, Donatella Santini, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Marco Tesei, Alessandro Bovicelli, Susanna Giunchi, Ada Dormi, Marco Di Stanislao, Alessio G. Morganti, Dario De Biase, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone
Summary: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy. Risk stratification should be based on the integration of histologic, clinical, and molecular parameters.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gloria Ravegnini, Pierandrea De Iaco, Francesca Gorini, Giulia Dondi, Isabella Klooster, Eugenia De Crescenzo, Alessandro Bovicelli, Patrizia Hrelia, Anna Myriam Perrone, Sabrina Angelini
Summary: Epithelial ovarian cancer is highly lethal due to nonspecific symptoms and lack of screening tests, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The current clinical biomarker CA-125 is not sensitive or specific enough to monitor chemotherapy response or predict relapse risk. Thus, identifying circulating miRNAs associated with therapeutic treatments is crucial for personalized patient management.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gloria Ravegnini, Margherita Nannini, Valentina Indio, Cesar Serrano, Francesca Gorini, Annalisa Astolfi, Aldo Di Vito, Fabiana Morroni, Maria Abbondanza Pantaleo, Patrizia Hrelia, Sabrina Angelini
Summary: GISTs with PDGFRA D842V mutation show differential miRNA expression compared to non-D842V mutated GISTs. Differentially expressed miRNAs mainly target genes involved in the immune response pathways. Additionally, the miRNA-mRNA network reveals the indolent behavior of D842V mutated GISTs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Martina Ruscelli, Thais Maloberti, Angelo Gianluca Corradini, Francesca Rosini, Giulia Querzoli, Marco Grillini, Annalisa Altimari, Elisa Gruppioni, Viviana Sanza, Alessia Costantino, Riccardo Ciudino, Matteo Errani, Alessia Papapietro, Sara Coluccelli, Daniela Turchetti, Martina Ferioli, Susanna Giunchi, Giulia Dondi, Marco Tesei, Gloria Ravegnini, Francesca Abbati, Daniela Rubino, Claudio Zamagni, Emanuela D'Angelo, Pierandrea De Iaco, Donatella Santini, Claudio Ceccarelli, Anna Myriam Perrone, Giovanni Tallini, Dario de Biase, Antonio De Leo
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of integrated molecular and pathologic risk stratification in the clinical practice of endometrial carcinoma (EC). It found that molecular classes and risk groups were correlated with disease-free survival. The study supports the prognostic importance of EC molecular classification and the essential role of histopathologic assessment in patients' management.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Camelia Alexandra Coada, Miriam Santoro, Vladislav Zybin, Marco Di Stanislao, Giulia Paolani, Cecilia Modolon, Stella Di Costanzo, Lucia Genovesi, Marco Tesei, Antonio De Leo, Gloria Ravegnini, Dario De Biase, Alessio Giuseppe Morganti, Luigi Lovato, Pierandrea De Iaco, Lidia Strigari, Anna Myriam Perrone
Summary: This study investigated the potential of radiomic features extracted from pre-surgical CT scans to predict disease-free survival (DFS) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients. Machine learning models achieved high sensitivities and specificities in both training and test sets, showing promise for predicting EC recurrence.
Review
Oncology
Federica Medici, Stefania Rizzo, Milly Buwenge, Alessandra Arcelli, Martina Ferioli, Gabriella Macchia, Francesco Deodato, Savino Cilla, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone, Silvia Strolin, Lidia Strigari, Gloria Ravegnini, Alberto Bazzocchi, Alessio G. Morganti
Summary: Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, worsens radiation-induced toxicity and prognosis, and has a negative impact on the quality of life. Myosteatosis, a pathological infiltration of muscle tissue by adipose tissue, is correlated with prognosis in cancer patients. Sarcopenic obesity, characterized by large fat mass, is independently associated with higher mortality and worse complications compared to sarcopenia alone. Assessment of sarcopenia is commonly done using CT images. Several studies have shown the negative impact of sarcopenia on overall survival in patients undergoing radiation therapy for various tumors. Further research is needed to find ways to prevent and manage sarcopenia during and after radiation therapy in both adult and pediatric patients.
