Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chan Mi Kim, Sung Pil Yoon, Sung Ki Cho
Summary: A new method was developed in this study to determine the diffusion coefficient of electroactive species in high temperature molten salt without knowledge of their concentration, utilizing cyclic voltammetry at a simple unshielded microwire electrode. Experimental verification of D determination in molten salt was successfully conducted with Eu3+ and O22-, showing similar values to reported values. However, accurate determination is limited for quasi-reversible and totally irreversible reactions due to overestimation of D.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Liam Witteman, Kerry Rippy, Patrick Taylor, Judith Vidal
Summary: This study investigates the electrochemical behavior of MgOH+ reduction on a tungsten cathode in molten chloride salt. The formation of MgOH+ within the salt leads to corrosion, which is a major barrier to the use of chloride salts in various applications. Although pre-purification methods exist, continuous purification during plant operation is necessary. Therefore, this study aims to assess the scalability of continuous electrochemical purification using a Mg anode and W cathode.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xinyu Liu, Yunxia Pei, Yuanxia Wang, Xiangju Liu, Xuwei Chen, Congtao Sun, Nazhen Liu
Summary: The morphology, chemical composition, and pH sensing performance of IrOx electrodes prepared by cyclic voltammetry and thermal oxidation are investigated. Different hydration treatments are required to establish different pH responses.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Danting He, Jia Yang, Jiahui Zhang, Chengguo Hu
Summary: A simple filtration method is reported for the fabrication of salt-induced nanoporous gold electrodes (SINPGEs) from gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This method utilizes sodium chloride (NaCl) to trigger the aggregation, sintering, and deposition of AuNPs on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, resulting in the scalable fabrication of flexible SINPGEs with high conductivity, good mechanical property, large surface area, and low cost. The nanoporous structure of SINPGEs improves the electrochemical responses of various species, and the passivation effect of chloride ions on the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide can be repressed by electrochemical activation.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jacobs H. Jordan, Henry S. Ashbaugh, Joel T. Mague, Bruce C. Gibb
Summary: There are still many unresolved questions regarding the supramolecular properties of ions in water, and the mathematical models used by supramolecular chemists do not adequately account for screening effects. The study shows that both screening and competitive binding have significant impacts on affinity in buffered solutions, especially when the ionic strength changes significantly. The competitive mathematical model proposed in the study suggests that competitive binding to the host is a major factor for binding attenuation in buffer systems, outweighing the effect of screening.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hua Ai, Yiyang Liu, Miao Shen, Huajian Liu, Yanjun Chen, Xinmei Yang, Hongtao Liu, Yuan Qian, Jianqiang Wang
Summary: This study systematically investigated the stable dissolved valence state of iron fluorides in molten FLiNaK salt and their effect on GH3535 alloy. The destabilization of Fe (II) in the molten salt and its conversion to more stable Fe (III) through a disproportionation reaction were found to aggravate the corrosion of the alloy due to a redox reaction.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shengnan Lin, Tingan Zhang, Xijun Pan, Junjie Zhang
Summary: A new type of nanomaterial was developed based on salt lake brine to successfully separate lithium and magnesium. The strategy of diaphragm electrolytic doping was used, along with the construction of a composite metal self-supporting material, to improve the energy storage performance of magnesium zinc cerium oxide as the negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yitian Tang, Lijie Zhong, Wei Wang, Ying He, Tingting Han, Longbin Xu, Xiaocheng Mo, Zhenbang Liu, Yingming Ma, Yu Bao, Shiyu Gan, Li Niu
Summary: Wearable sensors monitor biochemical markers in biological fluids to reflect real-time physiological information and health status. Flexible electrochemical pH sensors play a significant role in health, and the properties of pH-sensitive materials greatly affect their performance and applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Reem Zeitoun, Asim Biswas
Summary: The study examined the feasibility of pure cobalt, molybdenum, and their alloy as phosphate sensors, with the alloy showing good selectivity but a high limit of detection and long response time.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Di Mei, Cheng Wang, Sviatlana Lamaka, Mikhail L. Zheludkevich
Summary: Albumin accelerates the corrosion of CP Mg in HBSS initially but slows down degradation afterwards. It decreases the concentration of free Ca2+ in HBSS and delays the formation of protective co-precipitation products on the Mg surface. The pH buffering effect of albumin is illustrated through comparison of local and bulk pH values during the immersion period.
JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anh Tuan Nguyen, Subir Goswami, Jack Ferracane, Dipankar Koley
Summary: Bacterial-mediated local pH change can damage resin dental composite materials in the oral cavity. A flexible solid-state pH microsensor was developed to monitor the local pH microenvironment at the interface of biofilm and dental resin in real time.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Srinivasan, A. M. Parey, A. W. Knight, R. F. Schaller, J. S. Locke, E. J. Schindelholz
Summary: Experiments were conducted on 304 stainless steel to study the effects of sea salt aerosols on the material's corrosion behavior. It was found that low relative humidity brines resulted in cross-hatched pits, while high relative humidity brines produced ellipsoidal, faceted pits. Surface microcracking was only observed in cross-hatched pits and was correlated with high concentrations of dissolved carbonate species in low relative humidity brines. These findings suggest that the composition of brines, specifically the concentrations of MgCl2 and dissolved carbonate species, can determine the morphology of pits in marine environments, potentially impacting the material's susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking and lifetime prediction.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yue Geng, Yingjie Zhao, Yuyan Zhao, Jiangang Feng, Jingyuan Zhang, Xin Fan, Hanfei Gao, Xue-Dong Wang, Lei Jiang, Yuchen Wu
Summary: Single-crystalline micro-/nanostructures based on organic stimulus-responsive materials have unique functional roles in various photonic applications. However, controlling the geometry and crystallographic orientation in solution processes is a challenge. A smart assembly method is used to regulate crystallization of organic molecules. The resulting vapor sensors and lasers based on these structures have high performance and multiple functions.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yifei Pan, Kailin Zhang, Huan Wei, Tianyi Xiong, Ying Liu, Lanqun Mao, Ping Yu
Summary: Iontronic sensors based on ion transport have been used for in vivo neurochemical assay, but the interference on spontaneous neuronal activity has not been addressed. This study used finite element simulation to quantify the electric field distribution of a double-barreled micropipette, and found parameters such as pore size and applied voltage that balanced sensitivity and interference. The double-barreled micropipette is a pH sensor that has successfully been applied to real-time pH sensing in rat brain.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sutthima Sriprasertsuk, Simone C. Mathias, John R. Varcoe, Carol Crean
Summary: PPy.SDS-coated carbon fiber electrodes demonstrated enhanced drug sensing capabilities compared to bare carbon fibers, with a 14-fold increase in electrochemical surface area. The use of a large counter anion as dopant, such as dodecyl sulfate, resulted in a greater drug sensing response. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with PPy.SDS fiber electrodes was able to detect paracetamol with a detection limit of 34 μM and a linear response range of 50-500 μM, even in the presence of interferents like dopamine and ascorbic acid at 100 μM concentrations. This indicates the potential for real-world applications of PPy.SDS electrodes in drug sensing, with the ability to detect anti-psychotic medication like clozapine at low concentrations.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Antonios Keirouz, Yasemin L. L. Mustafa, Joseph G. G. Turner, Emily Lay, Ute Jungwirth, Frank Marken, Hannah S. S. Leese
Summary: Conductive polymeric microneedle arrays have the potential to be used as minimally invasive monitoring tools in biodevices and wearables. However, previous efforts on microneedle electrodes have been limited to metallic substrates, which lack biological stability and are costly to manufacture. In this study, additive manufacturing is used to fabricate acrylic-based microneedle devices, which are then coated with conductive polypyrrole and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) films. These entirely polymer-based microneedle arrays act as dry conductive electrodes without the need for a metallic seed layer. Two coating methods, in situ polymerization and drop casting, are utilized to achieve conductivity. The fabricated microneedles penetrate porcine skin grafts without compromising their conductivity or morphology, and the coatings demonstrate durability over multiple penetration cycles. The non-cytotoxic nature of the conductive microneedles is confirmed using human fibroblast cells. This fabrication strategy offers a promising approach to manufacturing polymer-based conductive microneedle surfaces for biosensing applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Haotian Chen, Lina Wang, Frank Marken, Richard G. Compton
Summary: Current-time transients resulting from potential step measurements on electrodes covered with thin films are commonly used to differentiate between the diffusive transport mechanisms of the electroactive species, either through partitioning into membranes and subsequent transport or solely through pinholes. Machine learning (ML) is employed to perform user independent analysis on the transients to determine the most probable mechanism. The limitations and strengths of this approach are critically discussed.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Zhongkai Li, Klaus Mathwig, Omotayo A. Arotiba, Luthando Tshwenya, Evaldo Batista Carneiro Neto, Ernesto Chaves Pereira, Frank Marken
Summary: Ionic diodes have been widely studied in various systems including gel interfaces, nanopores and channels, and fluidic devices. The understanding of diode function and time constant is crucial for their applications. At frequencies higher than the diode time constant, the polarization mechanism is too slow, while at lower frequencies, irreversible ion flow induces the switching of the diode between two resistive states. This irreversible flow allows for energy conversion and can be used for AC-desalination and electroosmotic water harvesting.
CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Evaldo Batista Carneiro-Neto, Zhongkai Li, Ernesto Pereira, Klaus Mathwig, Philip J. J. Fletcher, Frank Marken
Summary: Ionic diode based devices or circuits, such as electroosmotic pumps or desalination processes, can be applied. By asymmetrically coating Aquivion ionomer over a Teflon film with a laser-drilled microhole, a cationic diode with a rectification ratio of 10-20 can be obtained. Experimental data is characterized using steady-state voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and computer simulation is used to reproduce and rationalize the diode switching process.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhongkai Li, John P. Lowe, Philip J. Fletcher, Mariolino Carta, Neil B. Mckeown, Frank Marken
Summary: This study investigates the tuning of electroosmotic water flow in molecularly rigid polymers with internal charges by adjusting the charge density. The results showed that the number of water molecules transported per anion increased with a lower degree of methylation. The study also demonstrated net water transport in a coupled anionic diode circuit.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Babatunde A. Koiki, Charles Muzenda, Kehinde D. Jayeola, Minghua Zhou, Frank Marken, Omotayo A. Arotiba
Summary: This article introduces a simple and clean method for the production of sulfate radicals for water treatment, namely electrochemical and photoelectrochemical activation techniques. The photoelectrochemical activation method shows great potential as it effectively treats various pollutants by using highly reactive oxidizing species. The article provides a detailed account of the applications of sulfate radical enhanced photoelectrochemical treatments for water contaminated with organics.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Guru Prasanna, Hoang-Duy P. Nguyen, Steve Dunn, Akalya Karunakaran, Frank Marken, Chris R. Bowen, Bao-Ngoc T. Le, Hoang-Duy Nguyen, Thuy-Phuong T.pham
Summary: A new low energy physical technique using mechanical stirring and BaTiO3 particles has been discovered to efficiently remove dye molecules from solution, providing a new insight into environmental remediation processes.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Frank Marken
Summary: The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide into high-value multicarbon products is desirable but complex in process design. Water activity may play a key role in tuning product yields in this reaction.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thom R. Harris-Lee, Enrico Della Gaspera, Frank Marken, Jie Zhang, Cameron L. Bentley, Andrew L. Johnson
Summary: Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) was used to fabricate highly nanostructured mixed anatase-rutile phase TiO2 using new and bespoke precursors. The precursor syntheses involved two steps and the suitability for AACVD was assessed using thermogravimetric analysis. The resulting TiO2 films showed exceptional OH- oxidation performance and promise for use in photoanodes for water splitting applications.
MATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jose L. Bott-Neto, Thiago S. Martins, Osvaldo N. Oliveira, Frank Marken
Summary: This study presents a PEC platform based on TiO2 electrodeposition onto printed carbon electrodes, which eliminates the need for heat treatment. The resulting electrodes show higher photocurrents and improved sensitivity and selectivity for detecting ascorbic acid. The use of brookite TiO2 nanocrystals allows for the production of miniaturized devices for sensitive, selective PEC (bio)sensors.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Budi Riza Putra, Ulfiatun Nisa, Rudi Heryanto, Munawar Khalil, Fitri Khoerunnisa, Aga Ridhova, Yudi Nugraha Thaha, Frank Marken, Wulan Tri Wahyuni
Summary: A highly selective electrochemical sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was developed for uric acid detection in the presence of dopamine as an interference molecule. This sensor showed excellent analytical performance, good reproducibility, and stability, demonstrating highly selective detection of uric acid in the presence of interfering species. The sensor is expected to be used in early-stage disease diagnosis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hana Safitri, Wulan Tri Wahyuni, Eti Rohaeti, Munawar Khalil, Frank Marken
Summary: A modified glassy carbon electrode based on a synthesized graphene oxide gold nanorod decorated composite was developed for sensitive electrochemical sensing of uric acid. The sensor showed good linearity, low detection limit, and quantitation limit, as well as superior stability, reproducibility, and selectivity against interferents.
Article
Electrochemistry
Srikanth Ponnada, Demudu Babu Gorle, Rapaka S. Chandra Bose, Maryam Sadat Kiai, Meghali Devi, Chikkili Venkateswara Raju, Nilgun Baydogan, Karuna Kar Nanda, Frank Marken, Rakesh K. Sharma
Summary: Compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries offer improved safety and higher energy and power density. However, the limitations of solid electrolytes and the lack of suitable electrolytes hinder their practical applications. In recent years, 3D printing techniques have played a vital role in constructing solid-state batteries, enhancing their performance and addressing existing challenges and limitations.
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thom R. Harris-Lee, S. Andrew L. Johnson, Lina Wang, Philip J. Fletcher, Jie Zhang, Cameron Bentley, Christopher R. Bowen, Frank Marken
Summary: Water splitting by photocatalysis, particularly using seawater or wastewater, has the potential to play a significant role in the future hydrogen economy. This study explores the use of newly developed 3D metal-wire substrates as photoactive electrodes for photoelectrochemical processes. Titanium microwires with a rutile TiO2 nanocrystal coating are demonstrated to produce effective photoanodes, with adjustable lengths of TiO2 rods. The study also highlights the effectiveness of vacuum annealing in enhancing TiO2 photochemical processes and assesses the formation of oxygen and chlorine in electrolyte media.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matthew Oshinowo, James R. Runge, Marco Piccini, Frank Marken, Antoine Buchard
Summary: A novel crosslinked polyester derived from d-xylose and 10-undecenoic acid has been developed as a flexible and transparent solid polymer electrolyte material. By optimizing the crosslinking density and salt concentration, a high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability can be achieved.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
