Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sifan Ding, Xiaobin Chen, Yong Xu, Wenhui Duan
Summary: This study revisits the classical problem of best thermoelectrics and discusses it in the quantum limit. By expressing the thermoelectric figure of merit as a functional of electronic transmission probability T and applying the calculus of variations, the optimal transmission probability is found to exceed the Mahan-Sofo limit. Additionally, the study suggests realizing the optimal transmission probability in topological material systems, defining the theoretical upper limit for quantum thermoelectrics and contributing to the future development of thermoelectrics.
NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Morgan A. Cox, Aaron J. Cavosie, Kenneth J. Orr, Luke Daly, Laure Martin, Anthony Lagain, Gretchen K. Benedix, Phil A. Bland
Summary: Researchers have found a 4.5 billion-year-old zircon in a Martian meteorite, providing evidence that large impacts may have occurred on Mars after 4.48 billion years and potentially affected life on the planet.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Thomas M. O'Neil
Summary: This paper discusses the phenomenon of rotational pumping in a pure electron plasma with a small admixture of negative ions trapped in a Penning-Malmberg trap when a diocotron mode is excited, as well as the associated transport and damping mechanisms.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Maurizio Busso, Diego Vescovi, Sara Palmerini, Sergio Cristallo, Vincenzo Antonuccio-Delogu
Summary: The study presents post-process neutron-capture computations for AGB stars of 1.5-3 solar masses and metallicities -1.3 <= [Fe/H] <= 0.1, examining the effects of MHD-induced mixing on abundance yields and isotopic ratios. Analytic expressions for C-13 pockets are formulated for easy verification of findings. Results are compared with observations of evolved stars and presolar SiC grains, showing how MHD-induced mixing can account for slow n-capture phenomena in stellar evolution.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. Sylwester, J. Sylwester, K. J. H. Phillips, A. Kepa
Summary: We studied the calcium abundance A(Ca) during the decay phases of 194 solar X-ray flares using data from the Bent Crystal Spectrometer on the Solar Maximum Mission. The calcium abundance was found to be about 3 times the photospheric abundance, indicating a first ionization potential effect. We observed variations in A(Ca) during the flare decay, with some segments showing a decrease and others showing an increase in A(Ca).
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ioana Boaca, Maria Gritsevich, Mirel Birlan, Alin Nedelcu, Tudor Boaca, Francois Colas, Adrien Malgoyre, Brigitte Zanda, Pierre Vernazza
Summary: This study focuses on meteor phenomena and investigates meteors detected by the FRIPON network in Romania using all-sky cameras. By analyzing the deceleration of the meteors, it identifies meteoroids that are likely to produce meteorites and those that are unlikely to do so, providing important information for the study of meteorites.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Joan Verdera
Summary: We prove that the regularity of the boundary of vortex patches persists for a large class of transport equations in the plane. The velocity field is constructed by convolving the vorticity with an odd kernel that is homogeneous of degree -1 and belongs to the class C2 away from the origin. (c) 2023 The Author. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons .org /licenses /by /4 .0/).
ADVANCES IN MATHEMATICS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tian Zhao, Yu-Chao Hua, Zeng-Yuan Guo
Summary: This work revisits the evaluation of irreversibility in typical transport processes and proposes a new irreversibility indicator that can better recover the constitutive relation, characterize the evolution direction of the process, and optimize the performance of transport processes. The new indicator, compared to the traditional entropy generation rate, exhibits better performance in measuring the irreversibility of heat, mass, and momentum diffusion processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrijan Ivanusec, Jernej Sribar, Igor Krizaj
Summary: This study provides an overview of the diverse functions of secreted phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2s)) as enzymes and ligands in biological processes, and presents the latest discoveries related to sPLA(2)-binding proteins (sPLA(2)-BPs). The structural diversity of sPLA(2)-BPs suggests that sPLA(2s) are promiscuous proteins, and their roles in cellular transport, signaling, and regulation of enzymatic activity are discussed. Due to their multifunctionality, sPLA(2s) show great potential as pharmacological targets for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gabriela Horwitz, Eneli Haerk, Paula Y. Steinberg, Leide P. Cavalcanti, Sebastian Risse, Horacio R. Corti
Summary: This study evaluates the structural nano-heterogeneity of lithium WiS electrolytes using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) patterns, indicating that the salt volume fraction is the determining factor for forming the nanostructure. These findings may represent a paradigm shift for designing WiS electrolytes.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Coen C. Paulusma, Wouter H. Lamers, Stefan Broer, Stan F. J. van de Graaf
Summary: The liver controls the exposure of amino acids entering via the gastrointestinal tract, but it is still unclear which transporters are involved in hepatocellular amino acid transport.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ines Safi
Summary: This study focuses on the photoassisted shot noise generated by time-dependent or random sources and transmission amplitudes. It demonstrates that the noise obeys a perturbative nonequilibrium fluctuation relation, which holds in strongly correlated systems and various types of circuits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Scuderi, Janja Dermol-Cerne, Clarissa Amaral da Silva, Aswin Muralidharan, Pouyan E. Boukany, Lea Rems
Summary: This paper critically examines the validity of electroporation models by comparing them with experimental measurements. The study finds that none of the tested models can be universally applied and there is a lack of sufficient experimental data to confirm model validity. Finally, the paper provides guidelines and recommendations on how to validate electroporation models and improve their development.
BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
G. P. Zank, L. -L. Zhao, L. Adhikari, M. Nakanotani, A. Pitna, D. Telloni, H. Che
Summary: Small-amplitude fluctuations in the magnetized solar wind are typically measured by a single spacecraft. Resolving these fluctuations into their constituent fundamental MHD modal components is an ongoing challenge. This study introduces a new method that identifies different modes and computes phase information, providing valuable insights into turbulence in the solar wind.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
I. G. Marchenko, V. Yu Aksenova, I. I. Marchenko, A. Zhiglo
Summary: We reassess the 'dispersionless transport regime' of Brownian particles in tilted periodic potentials and find that the particles exhibit normal diffusive motion right after transitioning into the running state. Contrary to previous studies, no special transient dynamics appear. The observed flat segment in the dispersion evolution curve is solely due to the broad spatial distribution of particles formed in the early superdiffusion stage. We quantitatively describe the whole evolution of the distribution function during superdiffusion and the transition to normal diffusion, and show that the superdiffusion exponent is alpha = 3. Additionally, we analytically derive the duration of the ostensible 'dispersionless regime' and demonstrate that it diverges exponentially as the temperature approaches zero.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
