Article
Geology
Sanna Holm-Alwmark, Timmons M. Erickson, Aaron J. Cavosie
Summary: The systematic electron backscatter diffraction crystallographic analysis of magnetite in the Siljan impact structure in Sweden reveals that shock-induced twinning in magnetite occurs at pressures exceeding 5 GPa. This highlights the potential of magnetite to record shock deformation in rocks with high shock pressures. Despite hydrothermal alteration and host magnetite transformation to hematite, shock effects are preserved in magnetite, making it a reliable mineral for preserving shock deformation over geological time.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sumit Pathak, Aditya Kumar Dagar, Satadru Bhattacharya, Himela Moitra, Mamta Chauhan, Saibal Gupta
Summary: This study thoroughly investigates the mineralogy and morphology of the class-1 type lunar floor-fractured crater Atlas, revealing a mafic-rich central peak complex and varied hydration features, indicating heterogeneity in the hydrous enrichment of the lunar mantle beneath the studied site. The high-resolution morphological study also uncovers a partially uplifted crater floor and multiple late stage magmatic events.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Marco Matzka, Alexander Ruf, Benedicte Menez, Hasnaa Chennaoui Aoudjehane, Mourad Harir, Marianna Lucio, Jasmine Hertzog, Norbert Hertkorn, Regis D. Gougeon, Victor Hoffmann, NancyW. Hinman, Ludovic Ferriere, Ansgar Greshake, Zelimir Gabelica, Laszlo Trif, Andrew Steele
Summary: This study reveals a wide range of organic compounds in the Tissint Mars meteorite, showing nonuniform distribution in functionality and abundance. The organics in Tissint meteorite include abundant C3-7 aliphatic branched carboxylic acids and aldehydes, olefins, and polyaromatics with and without heteroatoms, forming a homologous oxidation structural continuum. Organomagnesium compounds are highly abundant in olivine macrocrystals and melt veins, indicating specific organo-synthesis processes in close interaction with magnesium silicates and temperature stresses. The diversity and abundance of complex molecules suggest heterogeneity in organic speciation within the martian mantle and crust over geological time.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
John A. Keith, Valentin Vassilev-Galindo, Bingqing Cheng, Stefan Chmiela, Michael Gastegger, Klaus-Robert Mueller, Alexandre Tkatchenko
Summary: The article discusses the potential impact of machine learning models on chemical sciences and emphasizes the importance of collaboration between expertise in computer science and physical sciences. It provides concise tutorials of computational chemistry and machine learning methods, and demonstrates how they can be used together to provide insightful predictions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Tuhi, Harish, K. B. Kimi, K. Vigneshwaran, K. S. Sharini, R. K. S. Priya, S. Vijayan
Summary: Alluvial fans on Mars provide insights into the evolution and nature of fluvial activity on the planet, and the preserved mineralogy can contribute to the study of its hydrological history.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuqi Dong, Jinjin Chen, Kening Qiao, Jian Fang, Yan Yang, Laurent Maron, Bo Liu
Summary: This study focused on using rare-earth metal bisalkyl complexes to catalyze hydroamination reactions and investigated Th, Tb, and Gd-based catalysts for the first time. It was found that in intramolecular hydroamination, an increase in metal ion radius led to a linear increase in rate, while the reactivity pattern in intermolecular hydroamination showed the opposite trend with respect to ionic radius size.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Leah E. Sacks, Livio L. Tornabene, Gordon R. Osinski, Racel Sopoco
Summary: Impact craters and their ejecta deposits provide insights into the structure and composition of planetary crusts. The Hargraves Crater on Mars exhibits a unique balance of exposure and preservation in its ejecta deposits. The crater has two distinct ejecta units, with the lower unit interpreted as lithic impact breccia and the overlying unit as impact melt-bearing breccia or impact melt rock unit. The sharp contact between these two units is similar to observations of ejecta deposits on Earth. Study of Hargraves-type ejecta will improve our understanding of ejecta and ejecta emplacement processes.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yu Pikovsky, N. Khlynina, V. G. Kutcherov
Summary: New data was used to analyze the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the lithological complex and soils of the Siljan impact crater area in central Sweden. The study revealed different PAH distribution characteristics in the gas and oil seepage areas, possibly influenced by hydrothermal activity. The presence of a hydrocarbon dispersal halo in the soils of the crater was observed.
LITHOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marc Maegele, Federico Aletti, Philip A. Efron, Borna Relja, Stylianos E. Orfanos
Summary: Circulatory shock from trauma and hemorrhage is a complex disease with high mortality in the early hours after impact. It involves impairment of physiological systems and organs, as well as different pathological mechanisms. External and patient-specific factors further complicate the clinical course. Novel targets and models have been identified recently, offering new opportunities for research and personalized medicine. Future work should consider patient-specific conditions and outcomes to advance shock research to a higher level of precision and personalized medicine.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
V. Aneeshkumar, Saranya R. Chandran, S. James, M. Santosh, Devika Padmakumar, J. Aswathi, S. Keerthy, Y. Anilkumar, M. N. Praveen, M. Satyanarayanan, K. S. Sajinkumar
Summary: This study evaluates the impact origin of the Ramgarh crater in India through petrographic and geochemical analysis, as well as the introduction of new geochronological data. The results confirm the crater as a complex impact structure and provide insights into the possible timing of the impact.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yao Zhang, Jingyi Yu, Xuan Wang, Daniel M. Durachko, Sulin Zhang, Daniel J. Cosgrove
Summary: Plants have evolved complex nanofibril-based cell walls to meet diverse biological and physical constraints, with cellulose and matrix polysaccharides playing important mechanical roles. By simulating the assembly and tensile mechanics of cell walls, researchers found that fibril-fibril sliding in cellulose networks leads to plasticity, revealing design principles of biomaterials.
Article
Parasitology
Nancy A. Aguoru, Ruth S. Kirk, Anthony J. Walker
Summary: This study provides a detailed molecular bioinformatic analysis of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the human parasitic blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. The results reveal the classification, expression patterns, protein interactions, and phosphorylation sites of HSPs in different stages of the parasite's life cycle. The findings suggest that HSPs play important roles in parasite survival and development, and offer insights for future investigations and therapeutics development against schistosomiasis.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lijuan Liao, Xintianyang Wang, Chenguang Huang
Summary: Shock responses of amorphous polyethylene were characterized using two different methods, providing a physical view of the shock front and capturing thermo-dynamical state variables. Temperature-dependency and critical shock velocity were identified as important factors affecting the behavior of APE during shock wave propagation.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ritesh Kumar, Gayatri Tripathi, Isha Goyal, Jaydeep Sharma, Ruchi Tiwari, Rinchuila Shimphrui, Neelam K. K. Sarkar, Anil Grover
Summary: The Hsp101 gene is present in all sequenced rice genomes. However, most indica and aus rice varieties have an insertion of glutamic acid at position 907 in the Hsp101 protein, which is not found in japonica rice. Understanding the heat stress response of rice plants is crucial for global food security.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeffrey Wang, Willard N. Applefeld, Junfeng Sun, Steve B. Solomon, Jing Feng, Zoe G. Couse, Thomas F. Risoleo, Robert L. Danner, Jesus Tejero, Juan Lertora, Elmira Alipour, Swati Basu, Vandana Sachdev, Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro, Mark T. Gladwin, Harvey G. Klein, Charles Natanson
Summary: The study found that elevated CFH levels in septic shock lead to various pathophysiological changes, including increased pulmonary arterial pressures and right ventricular afterload, depressed cardiac function, worsening shock, lactate levels, metabolic acidosis, and multiorgan failure. These effects are mainly attributed to nitric oxide scavenging and iron supply promoting bacterial growth.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. D. Raducan, T. M. Davison, G. S. Collins
Summary: NASA's DART mission will impact the asteroid Dimorphos at an unknown oblique angle. Simulations using iSALE-3D showed that the efficiency of momentum transfer is similar for different impact angles, but the imparted momentum decreases as the impact angle decreases. The ejected momentum is initially not normal to the surface, but aligns with crater growth. iSALE-2D simulations of vertical impacts provide context for the 3D simulation results and show that the ejection angle varies with target properties and crater growth. These findings can help determine the properties of the target asteroid and guide imaging using the LICIACube.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
V. J. Bray, J. J. Hagerty, G. S. Collins
Summary: This study investigates the formation mechanism and sea depth of the Flynn Creek marine target impact crater through simulations and field observations. The research reveals that the shock pressure and central peak formation are closely related to the sea depth. The study proposes new requirements for drilling marine impact sites and provides a method for accessing mineral indicators that can help determine the formation mechanism of impact craters.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sean E. Wiggins, Brandon C. Johnson, Gareth S. Collins, H. Jay Melosh, Simone Marchi
Summary: NASA's GRAIL spacecraft has discovered that the crust of the Moon is highly porous, and this porosity may be formed by large impacts. This finding has significant implications for understanding subsurface habitable environments on early Earth and Mars.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. S. Collins, E. L. Newland, D. Schwarz, M. Coleman, S. McMullan, I. J. Daubar, Katarina Miljkovic, Tanja Neidhart, Eleanor Sansom
Summary: The current rate of small impacts on Mars and the properties of meteoroid fragmentation are constrained by observed impact sites and crater clusters on the martian surface. A calibrated model based on crater cluster observations suggests that the rate of small impacts on Mars is higher than previous estimates and provides insights into impactor properties relevant to seismic wave generation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
I. J. Daubar, C. M. Dundas, A. S. McEwen, A. Gao, D. Wexler, S. Piqueux, G. S. Collins, K. Miljkovic, T. Neidhart, J. Eschenfelder, G. D. Bart, K. L. Wagstaff, G. Doran, L. Posiolova, M. Malin, G. Speth, D. Susko, A. Werynski
Summary: This study presents a catalog of new impact craters on Mars, with detailed information on their characteristics and the presence of ice. The findings suggest a correlation between the morphological features and environmental factors. The study also highlights interesting factors, such as the color and composition of the blast zones.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
J. Ormo, S. D. Raducan, M. Jutzi, M. Herreros, R. Luther, G. S. Collins, K. Wunnemann, M. Mora-Rueda, C. Hamann
Summary: The impact cratering process on small asteroids is complex and not yet fully understood. Experimental and simulation results suggest that cratering on heterogeneous targets displaces and ejects boulders rather than fragmenting them. The presence of boulders also affects the ejecta angle and distribution around the crater. These findings have implications for understanding the impact processes on asteroids and related missions.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Colin M. M. Dundas, Michael T. T. Mellon, Liliya V. V. Posiolova, Katarina Miljkovic, Gareth S. S. Collins, Livio L. L. Tornabene, Vidhya Ganesh Rangarajan, Matthew P. P. Golombek, Nicholas H. H. Warner, Ingrid J. J. Daubar, Shane Byrne, Alfred S. S. McEwen, Kimberly D. D. Seelos, Donna Viola, Ali M. M. Bramson, Gunnar Speth
Summary: Water ice in the mid-latitudes of Mars has fluctuated due to the planet's orbit, tilt, and climate changes. A new impact crater near 35 degrees N has revealed the lowest-latitude exposure of subsurface ice on the planet. This crater, the largest of its kind, provides valuable information about the history of Martian climate. The relatively pure ice deposit in the crater was once much thicker and extended beyond 35 degrees N, but it has now mostly vanished and is covered by surface ice.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Thomas A. Griffiths, Gerlinde Habler, Olga Ageeva, Christoph Sutter, Ludovic Ferriere, Rainer Abart
Summary: Understanding dendritic crystallization is key to obtaining petrological information about rapid crystallization events. This study investigates the 3-D morphology and bending mechanism of clinopyroxene dendrites from a basaltic rock fulgurite. The bending is caused by local asymmetric thermal and compositional fields generated by dendritic growth. The lattice rotation exclusively about [010] can be used as a new criterion to identify cryptic dendritic growth stages in euhedral crystals.
JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Matthew J. Genge, Luke Alesbrook, Natasha V. Almeida, Helena C. Bates, Phil A. Bland, Mark R. Boyd, Mark J. Burchell, Gareth S. Collins, Luke T. Cornwell, Luke Daly, Hadrien A. R. Devillepoix, Matthias van Ginneken, Ansgar Greshake, Daniel Hallatt, Christopher Hamann, Lutz Hecht, Laura E. Jenkins, Diane Johnson, Rosie Jones, Ashley J. King, Haithem Mansour, Sarah McMullan, Jennifer T. Mitchell, Gavyn Rollinson, Sara S. Russell, Christian Schroeder, Natasha R. Stephen, Martin D. Suttle, Jon D. Tandy, Patrick Trimby, Eleanor K. Sansom, Vassilia Spathis, Francesca M. Willcocks, Penelope J. Wozniakiewicz
Summary: Fusion crusts form during meteorite atmospheric entry, providing a record of atmospheric deceleration conditions. The Winchcombe meteorite's fusion crust is similar to other stony meteorites, dominated by olivine phenocrysts embedded in a glassy matrix with magnetite and highly vesicular. Unusually abundant dehydration cracks and weak layer failure contribute to particle formation, supported by plasma pulses observed in the fireball videos. Oscillatory zoning in olivine phenocrysts suggests temperature fluctuations from calving events. Unique features include magnetite monolayers and silicate warts, indicating intense gas loss and inter-shower material transfer.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
T. Neidhart, E. K. Sansom, K. Miljkovic, G. S. Collins, J. Eschenfelder, I. J. Daubar
Summary: We studied 634 clusters of craters on Mars detected from 2007 to 2021, which account for more than half of all impacts found during this period. These clusters are formed when meteoroids in the 10 kg-10 ton mass range break apart in Mars' atmosphere, producing a few to a few hundred fragments that impact the ground. The characteristics of these clusters can provide insights into meteoroid properties and the processes governing their fragmentation. By mapping individual craters within each cluster and analyzing their spatial and size distributions, we defined a range of cluster properties. This large dataset, with over eight times more cluster observations than previous studies, allows for a more comprehensive statistical examination of crater cluster parameters and their correlations. The trends in size, dispersion, and large crater fraction with elevation support the idea of weak atmospheric filtering of materials. The variations in the number of individual craters and their size-frequency distributions within a cluster may reflect differences in fragmentation style, fragility, or internal particle sizes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Rajsic, K. Miljkovic, N. Wojcicka, G. S. Collins, R. F. Garcia, C. Bredemeyer, A. Lagain, I. J. Daubar, P. Lognonne
Summary: This study combines mapping and numerical simulations to accurately estimate seismic activity and seismic moment generated by small impact events on Mars. By determining the regolith thickness in the late Amazonian units, a more realistic uppermost crust model was constructed. The study found that seismic energy is more dependent on target properties, while seismic moment is almost proportional to impact momentum. The scaling relationships for seismic moment approximations were improved by considering more realistic target properties.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah C. Steele, Roger R. Fu, Michael W. R. Volk, Thomas L. North, Alec R. Brenner, Adrian R. Muxworthy, Gareth S. Collins, Thomas M. Davison
Summary: The study of the ALH 84001 meteorite suggests that it may preserve a magnetic record of the Martian dynamo from 4.1 billion years ago. By analyzing igneous Fe-sulfides in the meteorite using a quantum diamond microscope, it was found that there are strongly magnetized ferromagnetic mineral assemblages in two nearly opposite directions. This implies that the meteorite recorded strong fields after impact heating between 4.1 and 3.95 billion years ago and was later heterogeneously remagnetized by at least one further impact.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. Avice, M. A. Kendrick, A. Richard, L. Ferriere
Summary: The evolution of Earth's atmosphere provides important constraints on the geological history of our planet. This study investigates the use of post-impact hydrothermal minerals from meteorite impact craters to understand the ancient atmospheric evolution. The results suggest that these minerals can preserve an ancient atmospheric component, providing a unique archive for studying the atmospheric evolution of Earth and other terrestrial planets.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Lidia Pittarello, Ludovic Ferriere, Stepan M. Chernonozhkin, Frank Vanhaecke, Steven Goderis
Summary: This study investigates the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of Diogenites meteorite, focusing on an anomalous vesiculated layer. The research reveals that the vesiculated layer shows distinct features and may have originated from in situ melting induced by a large impact event.
METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Robert Luther, Sabina D. Raducan, Christoph Burger, Kai Wuennemann, Martin Jutzi, Christoph M. Schaefer, Detlef Koschny, Thomas M. Davison, Gareth S. Collins, Yun Zhang, Patrick Michel
Summary: This study uses three different shock physics codes to simulate momentum transfer from impactor to target and investigates the agreement between the results. By aligning the crushing behavior, the consistency between the models is improved and scaling parameters for ejecta curtain studies are derived.
PLANETARY SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2022)