Review
Behavioral Sciences
Duanghathai Pasanta, Jason L. He, Talitha Ford, Georg Oeltzschner, David J. Lythgoe, Nicolaas A. Puts
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the application of fMRS in investigating the neurometabolic responses of the neurotransmitters Glutamate, Glutamine, and GABA. The results showed moderate effect sizes for Glutamate and Glutamine, regardless of stimulus domain and brain region, while no significant effects were observed for GABA. Further analysis revealed differences in the responses of Glutamate, Glutamine, and GABA based on stimulus domain or task, as well as the time course of stimulation and data acquisition. This work emphasizes the importance of standardized reporting and best practices in fMRS research.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Meng-Yun Wang, Max Korbmacher, Rune Eikeland, Alexander R. Craven, Karsten Specht
Summary: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a crucial method for measuring brain metabolite levels in vivo. While there have been studies on the reliability of certain metabolites, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), there is a lack of research on other metabolites. This study found that NAA, tNAA, and tCr have the highest reliability with small coefficient of variability (CV), while Glu, Glx, mI, and tCho have moderate CV. Additionally, using water as a concentration reference is more reliable than using tCr, and time-of-day did not affect MRS measurements.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Luke A. Jelen, David J. Lythgoe, Jade B. Jackson, Matthew A. Howard, James M. Stone, Alice Egerton
Summary: Glutamate signalling plays a role in psychiatric, neurological, and pain disorders, and H-1-fMRS can be used to measure glutamatergic metabolites in response to task conditions. In a study with 18 healthy volunteers, higher Glutamate + Glutamine relative to total creatine was found in the dACC region during painful stimuli compared to rest, but the reliability and reproducibility across sessions were limited. Future studies should explore modified paradigms for more reliable methodologies.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Qihuan Lin, Lanmei Chen, Hongyi Zheng, Hui Tan, Gengbiao Zhang, Wenbin Zheng
Summary: This study investigates the importance of H-1-MRS and Glu-CEST techniques in assessing the condition and prognosis of acute bilirubin encephalopathy patients and understanding the mechanism of nerve injury in this disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Amanda Kiemes, Cathy Davies, Matthew J. Kempton, Paulina B. Lukow, Carly Bennallick, James M. Stone, Gemma Modinos
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the relationship between H-1-MRS glutamate and/or GABA levels and task-related fMRI signals in the healthy brain. Negative associations were found between local GABA levels and fMRI activation to visual tasks in the occipital lobe, and to emotion processing in the medial prefrontal cortex/ anterior cingulate cortex, while no significant association was found between mPFC/ACC glutamate levels and fMRI activation. Additionally, the review revealed negative associations between GABA levels and local brain activity, and positive associations between glutamate levels and distal brain activity, outside of the H-1-MRS sampling region.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Plitman, Aurelie Bussy, Vanessa Valiquette, Alyssa Salaciak, Raihaan Patel, Lani Cupo, Marie-Lise Beland, Stephanie Tullo, Christine Lucas Tardif, M. Natasha Rajah, Jamie Near, Gabriel A. Devenyi, M. Mallar Chakravarty
Summary: Many MRI measures are studied longitudinally, but upgrades and subject motion can affect results. In our upgrade from a Siemens MAGNETOM 3T Tim Trio system to a Siemens MAGNETOM 3T Prisma Fit system, we found changes in certain structural imaging measures. While reliability was high for most MRI outputs, some indices showed suboptimal reliability, highlighting the importance of considering these results in longitudinal study designs.
Review
Neurosciences
Alice Egerton
Summary: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a neuroimaging technique that can measure brain metabolite concentrations and is promising in developing drugs for psychiatric disorders. Studies show it can detect drug effects on brain metabolites, aiding in understanding therapeutic mechanisms and identifying patient subgroups.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elisa M. T. Melloni, Beatrice Bravi, Sara Poletti, Sara Dallaspezia, Barbara Barbini, Raffaella Zanardi, Francesco Benedetti
Summary: This study found that total sleep deprivation and light therapy can reduce the severity of depression, and this effect is closely related to changes in the concentrations of glutamate and glutamine+glutamate. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the antidepressant mechanism of chronotherapy.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Estevao Scotti-Muzzi, Katja Umla-Runge, Marcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza
Summary: The ACC plays a key role in connecting the frontal cortex to limbic structures and is consistently implicated in the neurobiology of Bipolar Disorder. H-1-MRS studies comparing neurometabolite levels in the ACC of BD patients and healthy controls found increased levels of Glx, Gln, choline, and Cho/Creatine in BD. Different mood states and medication status were associated with specific neurometabolite patterns in the ACC.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Bradley J. Dixon, Jyothika Kumar, Claudia Danielmeier
Summary: This systematic review explores the differences in cognitive control functions and neurometabolite levels between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. The study finds that chronic patients show decreased GABA and glutamate concentrations, while the results for first-episode patients are mixed. The review also suggests that working memory and processing speed are associated with GABA and glutamate levels, but the relationship between metabolites and negative symptoms is inconsistent.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carmen Jimenez-Espinoza, Francisco Marcano Serrano, Jose Luis Gonzalez-Mora
Summary: Brain functional resonance magnetic studies indicate that neurochemical abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) may change with developmental stages and brain regions. Specifically, changes in N-Acetyl-aspartate (NAA) metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of ASD youths have been observed, suggesting potential for new therapeutic approaches.
Article
Neurosciences
Abigail T. J. Cember, Neil E. Wilson, Laurie J. Rich, Puneet Bagga, Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga, Sophia Swago, Anshuman Swain, Deepa Thakuri, Mark Elliot, Mitchell D. Schnall, John A. Detre, Ravinder Reddy
Summary: In this technique, called 'qMRS', the change in H-1 MRS signal is quantified after the administration of H-2-labeled glucose. The transfer of the H-2 label from glucose to downstream metabolites leads to a reduction in the corresponding H-1 MRS resonance, allowing for the indirect and direct detection of both labeled and unlabeled forms. This technique can be performed using standard MRI acquisition methods and is feasible for monitoring dynamic metabolism in the human brain.
Article
Psychiatry
Qianjin Wang, Honghong Ren, Chunwang Li, Zongchang Li, Jinguang Li, Hong Li, Lulin Dai, Min Dong, Jun Zhou, Jingqi He, Joseph O'Neill, Yanhui Liao, Ying He, Tieqiao Liu, Xiaogang Chen, Jinsong Tang
Summary: This study found that persistent auditory verbal hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia are associated with dysfunction in the medial prefrontal cortex, specifically decreased levels of certain metabolites. These findings suggest that these metabolites may play a key role in the pathogenesis of persistent auditory verbal hallucinations.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Ines Bernardino, Ana Dionisio, Ines R. Violante, Raquel Monteiro, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Summary: Excitatory/inhibitory imbalance has been suggested as a neurobiological substrate of the cognitive symptomatology in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). A study using a comprehensive approach combining MRS and TMS techniques found increased Glx levels and unchanged GABA+ levels in ASD adults. Additionally, exploratory TMS experiments revealed impaired inhibition in ASD. The study highlights the need for larger-scale investigations of the GABA system in ASD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Neetu Nair, John Patrick Hegarty II, Carmen Mihaela Cirstea, Meng Gu, Carrina Brooke Appling, David Quentin Beversdorf
Summary: This exploratory study investigated the association between glutamatergic levels and response to memantine in adults with ASD. The results suggest that baseline glutamatergic levels did not directly predict social outcomes in response to memantine, but interactions between glutamatergic levels and other neurometabolites may play a role in predicting treatment response. Individuals with highest baseline NAA and Cr+pCr levels were the best responders to memantine treatment. Extending these findings to larger samples in future studies is recommended.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Claudio Babiloni, Claudio Del Percio, Roberta Lizio, Giuseppe Noce, Susanna Lopez, Andrea Soricelli, Raffaele Ferri, Maria Teresa Pascarelli, Valentina Catania, Flavio Nobili, Dario Arnaldi, Francesco Fama, Francesco Orzi, Carla Buttinelli, Franco Giubilei, Laura Bonanni, Raffaella Franciotti, Marco Onofrj, Paola Stirpe, Peter Fuhr, Ute Gschwandtner, Gerhard Ransmayr, Heinrich Garn, Lucia Fraioli, Michela Pievani, Fabrizia D'Antonio, Carlo De Lena, Bahar Guntekin, Lutfu Hanoglu, Erol Basar, Gorsev Yener, Derya Durusu Emek-Savas, Antonio Ivano Triggiani, John Paul Taylor, Maria Francesca De Pandis, Laura Vacca, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Fabrizio Stocchi
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Rita Di Censo, Carla Abdelnour, Frederic Blanc, Olivier Bousiges, Afina W. Lemstra, Inger van Steenoven, Marco Onofrj, Dag Aarsland, Laura Bonanni
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Marco Onofrj, Alberto J. Espay, Laura Bonanni, Stefano Delli Pizzi, Stefano L. Sensi
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2019)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Claudio Babiloni, Katarzyna Blinowska, Laura Bonanni, Andrej Cichocki, Willem De Haan, Claudio Del Percio, Bruno Dubois, Javier Escudero, Alberto Fernandez, Giovanni Frisoni, Bahar Guntekin, Mihaly Hajos, Harald Hampel, Emmanuel Ifeachor, Kerry Kilborn, Sanjeev Kumar, Kristinn Johnsen, Magnus Johannsson, Jaeseung Jeong, Fiona LeBeau, Roberta Lizio, Fernando Lopes da Silva, Fernando Maestu, William J. McGeown, Ian McKeith, Davide Vito Moretti, Flavio Nobili, John Olichney, Marco Onofrj, Jorge J. Palop, Michael Rowan, Fabrizio Stocchi, Zbigniew M. Struzik, Heikki Tanila, Stefan Teipel, John Paul Taylor, Marco Weiergraeber, Gorsev Yener, Tracy Young-Pearse, Wilhelmus H. Drinkenburg, Fiona Randall
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2020)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Claudio Babiloni, Xianhong Arakaki, Laura Bonanni, Ana Bujan, Maria C. Carrillo, Claudio Del Percio, Rebecca M. Edelmayer, Gary Egan, Fanny M. Elahh, Alan Evans, Raffaele Ferri, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Bahar Guntekin, Atticus Hainsworth, Harald Hampel, Vesna Jelic, Jaesieung Jeong, Doh Kwan Kim, Milica Kramberger, Sanjev Kumar, Roberta Lizio, Flavio Nobili, Giuseppe Noce, Aina Puce, Petra Ritter, Dirk J. A. Smit, Andrea Soricelli, Stefan Teipel, Fedeico Tucci, Perminder Sachdev, Mitchell Valdes-Sosa, Pedro Valdes-Sosa, Andrea Vergallo, Gorinev Yener
Summary: In patients with VCI and dementia, abnormal EEG measures include smaller alpha rhythms, widespread increases in delta and theta rhythms, and delayed peak latencies in event-related potentials. These measures may serve as potential biomarkers in clinical trials for prognosis and interventions to normalize brain excitability and vigilance.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claudia Carrarini, Mirella Russo, Giada Pagliaccio, Fedele Dono, Raffaella Franciotti, Giulia Deluca, Stefania Nanni, Antonio Saracino, Marco Onofrj, Laura Bonanni
Summary: The study found that DLB patients have a more pronounced delay in visual evoked potential (VEP) compared to PD patients, especially along the right visual pathway. Contrary to previous studies focusing on dopaminergic pre-geniculate impairment of visual pathways, the evidence suggests that other mechanisms, possibly involving thalamic involvement, could interfere with VEP abnormalities.
NEUROPHYSIOLOGIE CLINIQUE-CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Rehabilitation
Rocco S. Calabro, Gregorio Sorrentino, Anna Cassio, Davide Mazzoli, Elisa Andrenelli, Emiliana Bizzarini, Isabella Campanini, Simona M. Carmignano, Simona Cerulli, Carmelo Chisari, Valentina Colombo, Stefania Dalise, Cira Fundaro, Valeria Gazzotti, Daniele Mazzoleni, Miryam Mazzucchelli, Corrado Melegari, Andrea Merlo, Giulia Stampacchia, Paolo Boldrini, Stefano Mazzoleni, Federico Posteraro, Paolo Benanti, Enrico Castelli, Francesco Draicchio, Vincenzo Falabella, Silvia Galeri, Francesca Gimigliano, Mauro Grigioni, Stefano Mazzon, Franco Molteni, Giovanni Morone, Maurizio Petrarca, Alessandro Picelli, Michele Senatore, Giuseppe Turchetti, Donatella Bonaiuti
Summary: Robotic rehabilitation is increasingly recognized in stroke rehabilitation, but there is still controversy surrounding its timing, frequency, training session duration, and the characteristics of individuals who would benefit from it.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Pilotto, Alberto Romagnolo, Andrea Scalvini, Mario Masellis, Yasushi Shimo, Laura Bonanni, Richard Camicioli, Lily L. Wang, Alok K. Dwivedi, Katherine Longardner, Federico Rodriguez-Porcel, Mark DiFrancesco, Joaquin A. Vizcarra, Elisa Montanaro, Simona Maule, Alessandro Lupini, Carmen Ojeda-Lopez, Sandra E. Black, Stefano Delli Pizzi, Myrlene Gee, Ryota Tanaka, Kazuo Yamashiro, Taku Hatano, Barbara Borroni, Roberto Gasparotti, Maria C. Rizzetti, Nobutaka Hattori, Leonardo Lopiano, Irene Litvan, Alberto J. Espay, Alessandro Padovani, Aristide Merola
Summary: This study found that orthostatic hypotension (OH) was associated with cerebral atrophy in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, while supine hypertension (SH) showed no significant association. Particularly, OH showed a more prominent correlation with atrophy in the temporal region.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Ferri, Paola Ajdinaj, Marianna Gabriella Rispoli, Claudia Carrarini, Filomena Barbone, Damiano D'Ardes, Margherita Capasso, Antonio Di Muzio, Francesco Cipollone, Marco Onofrj, Laura Bonanni
Summary: While some studies suggest a potential impact of diabetes mellitus on the occurrence of ALS, the correlation between DM and ALS remains unclear. Data indicates a protective role of DM in ALS occurrence in elderly individuals, but an opposite effect in younger subjects.
Review
Rehabilitation
Rocco S. Calabro, Anna Cassio, Davide Mazzoli, Elisa Andrenelli, Emiliana Bizzarini, Isabella Campanini, Simona M. Carmignano, Simona Cerulli, Carmelo Chisari, Valentina Colombo, Stefania Dalise, Cira Fundaro, Valeria Gazzotti, Daniele Mazzoleni, Miryam Mazzucchelli, Corrado Melegari, Andrea Merlo, Giulia Stampacchia, Paolo Boldrini, Stefano Mazzoleni, Federico Posteraro, Paolo Benanti, Enrico Castelli, Francesco Draicchio, Vincenzo Falabella, Silvia Galeri, Francesca Gimigliano, Mauro Grigioni, Stefano Mazzon, Franco Molteni, Maurizio Petrarca, Alessandro Picelli, Michele Senatore, Giuseppe Turchetti, Giovanni Morone, Donatella Bonaiuti
Summary: The review found that robotic rehabilitation for gait in patients with MS can lead to improvements in gait speed, endurance, and balance, especially in more severe cases. The use of robotics can also have positive effects on non-motor outcomes such as spasticity, fatigue, and pain. However, clear clinical indications on treatment protocols are still lacking.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Simona Maria Carmignano, Cira Fundaro, Donatella Bonaiuti, Rocco Salvatore Calabro, Anna Cassio, Davide Mazzoli, Emiliana Bizzarini, Isabella Campanini, Simona Cerulli, Carmelo Chisari, Valentina Colombo, Stefania Dalise, Valeria Gazzotti, Daniele Mazzoleni, Miryam Mazzucchelli, Corrado Melegari, Andrea Merlo, Giulia Stampacchia, Paolo Boldrini, Stefano Mazzoleni, Federico Posteraro, Paolo Benanti, Enrico Castelli, Francesco Draicchio, Vincenzo Falabella, Silvia Galeri, Francesca Gimigliano, Mauro Grigioni, Stefano Mazzon, Franco Molteni, Giovanni Morone, Maurizio Petrarca, Alessandro Picelli, Michele Senatore, Giuseppe Turchetti, Elisa Andrenelli
Summary: Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) has shown benefits for gait in Parkinson's disease patients, with no adverse events recorded. However, RAGT does not appear to be superior to other interventions, except in patients with more severe symptoms and advanced disease.
NEUROREHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria Camila Gonzalez, Diego Alejandro Tovar-Rios, Guido Alves, Ingvild Dalen, Caroline H. Williams-Gray, Marta Camacho, Lars Forsgren, David Backstrom, Rachael A. Lawson, Angus D. Macleod, Carl E. Counsell, Claire Paquet, Carlo DeLena, Fabrizia D'Antonio, Andrea Pilotto, Alessandro Padovani, Frederic Blanc, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, Simon J. G. Lewis, Konrad Rejdak, Ewa Papuc, Jakub Hort, Zuzana Nedelska, John O'Brien, Laura Bonanni, Marta Marquie, Merce Boada, Vanesa Pytel, Carla Abdelnour, Daniel Alcolea, Katrin Beyer, Ole-Bjorn Tysnes, Dag Aarsland, Jodi Maple-Grodem
Summary: This study compares the rate of cognitive and motor decline in patients with DLB and PDD, finding that both disorders show similar rates of decline. This has implications for future clinical trial designs.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fedele Dono, Claudia Carrarini, Mirella Russo, Maria Vittoria De Angelis, Francesca Anzellotti, Marco Onofrj, Laura Bonanni
Summary: The 2019 novel coronavirus has spread globally, with neurological manifestations being increasingly recognized in addition to respiratory symptoms. This report presents a case of post-SARS-CoV-2 autoimmune encephalitis associated with new-onset refractory status epilepticus.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
A. Pilotto, F. SchianodiCola, E. Premi, R. Grasso, R. Turrone, S. Gipponi, A. Scalvini, E. Cottini, B. paghera, V. Garibotto, M. C. Rizzetti, L. Bonanni, B. Borroni, S. Morbelli, F. Nobili, U. P. Guerra, D. Perani, A. Padovani
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
C. Geroin, M. Gandolfi, R. Ceravolo, M. Capecci, E. Andrenelli, M. Ceravolo, L. Bonanni, M. Onofrj, M. Vitale, M. Catalan, P. Polverino, C. Bertolotti, S. Mazzucchi, S. Giannoni, N. Smania, S. Tamburin, L. Vacca, F. Stocchi, F. Radicati, C. Artusi, M. Zibetti, L. Lopiano, A. Fasano, M. Tinazzi
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2019)