Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Cora E. Lewis, Pamela J. Schreiner, James M. Shikany, Stephen Sidney, Jared P. Reis
Summary: The CARDIA study began in 1985-1986 with enrollment of 5,115 Black or White men and women ages 18 to 30 from 4 US communities. Over 35 years, CARDIA has contributed fundamentally to our understanding of cardiovascular health and disease, as well as associations between neighborhood environment, lifestyle behaviors, and biological risk factors.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julian Jakob, Odile Stalder, Tali Kali, Etienne Pruvot, Mark J. Pletcher, Jamal S. Rana, Stephen Sidney, Reto Auer
Summary: Recent current cannabis use is associated with lower resting heart rate, but this association appears to be transient as past cumulative exposure to cannabis was not related to heart rate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tal Gafni, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Kerem Shuval, Kristine Yaffe, Steve Sidney, Galit Weinstein
Summary: Physical activity plays an important role in cognitive health, and cardiac autonomic balance may mediate this association. Maintaining moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity levels over time is associated with better cardiac autonomic function and improved cognition.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meagan E. Gray, Sejong Bae, Rekha Ramachandran, Nicholas Baldwin, Lisa B. VanWagner, David R. Jacobs, James G. Terry, James M. Shikany
Summary: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly rising. This study investigated the associations of diet quality and dietary patterns with NAFLD and found that higher diet quality and a meat-based dietary pattern were significantly associated with NAFLD prevalence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amir S. Heravi, Di Zhao, Erin D. Michos, Henrique Doria De Vasconcellos, Bharath Ambale-Venkatesh, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Pamela J. Schreiner, Jared P. Reis, James M. Shikany, Cora E. Lewis, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Eliseo Guallar, Pamela Ouyang, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Joao A. C. Lima, Wendy S. Post, Dhananjay Vaidya
Summary: This study investigated the association between oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases, finding that female individuals had higher levels of oxidative stress. Furthermore, factors such as higher body mass index, lipid levels, smoking, and lack of physical activity were also associated with higher oxidative stress. This suggests that oxidative stress may play an important role in cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyeezu Kim, Brian T. Joyce, Yinan Zheng, Pamela J. Schreiner, David R. Jacobs, Janet M. Catov, James M. Shikany, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Philip Greenland, Linda V. Van Horn, Norrina B. Allen, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Erica P. Gunderson, Lifang Hou
Summary: The study found that DNA methylation-based biological age is positively associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, particularly among obese individuals. Additionally, GrimAge partially mediates the association between cumulative obesity and diabetes or prediabetes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ehimare Akhabue, Mandy Wong, Rupal Mehta, Tamara Isakova, Myles Wolf, Clyde Yancy, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Mercedes Carnethon
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), as well as the changes in left ventricular mass (LVM) and myocardial strain in adults. The results showed that higher FGF23 was associated with increased prevalence of LVH, but not with greater increases in LVM over time.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lyn M. Steffen, So Yun Yi, Daniel Duprez, Xia Zhou, James M. Shikany, David R. Jacobs
Summary: Nut consumption is associated with better diastolic dysfunction in young to middle-aged adults, but not with systolic function.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Venkatesh L. Murthy, Matthew Nayor, Mercedes Carnethon, Jared P. Reis, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Norrina B. Allen, Robert Kitchen, Paolo Piaggi, Lyn M. Steffen, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Jane E. Freedman, Clary B. Clish, Ravi Shah
Summary: This study identified metabolic abnormalities in young adulthood that are associated with heightened risk of diabetes, independent of traditional risk factors, and these signatures replicate across the life course.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jenna L. Adamowicz, Miriam E. Velez-Bermudez, Emily B. K. Thomas, Kiarri N. Kershaw, Catarina I. Kiefe, Norinna B. Allen, Kara M. Whitaker
Summary: This study aimed to examine factors that may protect against the development of hypertension, as it is a major public health concern. It found that higher psychological resources (optimism and mastery) were associated with lower odds of developing hypertension. However, these associations became non-significant after adjusting for behavioral factors and depressive symptoms.
Article
Cell Biology
Yinan Zheng, Mohamad Habes, Mitzi Gonzales, Raymond Pomponio, Ilya Nasrallah, Sadiya Khan, Douglas E. Vaughan, Christos Davatzikos, Sudha Seshadri, Lenore Launer, Farzaneh Sorond, Sanaz Sedaghat, Derek Wainwright, Andrea Baccarelli, Stephen Sidney, Nick Bryan, Philip Greenland, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Kristine Yaffe, Lifang Hou
Summary: Accelerated epigenetic age and brain age in midlife are associated with worse cognitive outcomes, indicating their potential as markers for identifying individuals at risk for cognitive decline.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Masoud Isanejad, Lyn M. Steffen, James G. Terry, James M. Shikany, Xia Zhou, David R. Jacobs Jr, John Jeffrey Carr, Brian T. Steffen
Summary: Improving diet quality may contribute to better body composition. This study found that healthier food choices may influence body composition.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matthew K. Armstrong, Brooklyn J. Fraser, Olli Hartiala, Marie-Jeanne Buscot, Markus Juonala, Feitong Wu, Juha Koskinen, Nina Hutri-Kahonen, Mika Kahonen, Tomi P. Laitinen, Terho Lehtimaki, Jorma S. A. Viikari, Olli T. Raitakari, Costan G. Magnussen
Summary: The study shows that elevated non-HDL-C levels at different life stages are associated with coronary atherosclerosis in mid-adulthood, with adolescent non-HDL-C levels showing the strongest association.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Brian T. Joyce, Xuefen Chen, Tao Gao, Yinan Zheng, Drew R. Nannini, Lei Liu, Benjamin E. Henkle, Ravi Kalhan, George Washko, Ken M. Kunisaki, Bharat Thyagarajan, Douglas E. Vaughan, Myron Gross, David R. Jacobs, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Lifang Hou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between pulmonary function and epigenetic aging (GrimAge), as well as the predictive value of GrimAge for emphysema. In a longitudinal cohort study of 1042 participants, it was found that pulmonary function was associated with GrimAge during early and mid-life, and GrimAge partially mediated the relationship between pulmonary function and emphysema.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mustapha Bouhrara, Curtis Triebswetter, Matthew Kiely, Murat Bilgel, Sudipto Dolui, Guray Erus, Osorio Meirelles, Nick R. Bryan, John A. Detre, Lenore J. Launer
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between cerebral blood flow and changes in cerebral tissue integrity in white matter and gray matter brain regions. Through a longitudinal study, magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 732 healthy adults over a period of approximately 30 years. The results revealed an association between blood flow and microstructural tissue integrity in most brain regions.
Article
Immunology
Samuel S. Bailin, Curtis L. Gabriel, Run Fan, Fei Ye, Sangeeta Nair, James G. Terry, John J. Carr, Heidi Silver, Celestine N. Wanjalla, Mona Mashayekhi, Morgan Lima, Beverly Woodward, LaToya Hannah, Hubaida Fuseini, Jane F. Ferguson, Jonathan A. Kropski, John R. Koethe
Summary: This study found that altered expression of macrophage-related genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is associated with differences in ectopic fat deposition among people with HIV (PWH) on long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART). These findings provide a basis for future research on the impact of host, virus, and treatment factors on the SAT immune environment and its effects on morphometric changes and metabolic comorbidities in PWH.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elizabeth E. Moore, Omair A. Khan, Niranjana Shashikumar, Kimberly R. Pechman, Dandan Liu, Susan P. Bell, Sangeeta Nair, James G. Terry, Katherine A. Gifford, Adam W. Anderson, Bennett A. Landman, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Timothy J. Hohman, John Jeffrey Carr, Angela L. Jefferson
Summary: The study found that increased left ventricular mass index is associated with neuroaxonal degeneration in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and APOE-ε4 positive individuals. Neuroaxonal degeneration partially mediates the association between increased left ventricular mass index and white matter damage.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Adam J. Santanasto, Joseph M. Zmuda, Ryan K. Cvejkus, Christopher L. Gordon, Sangeeta Nair, J. Jeffrey Carr, James G. Terry, Victor W. Wheeler, Iva Miljkovic
Summary: This study examined the association between myosteatosis and physical function in African Caribbean men. The results showed that myosteatosis in the calf and thigh was strongly associated with grip strength and performance measures of physical function, while myosteatosis in the abdomen may have some utility when abdominal images are all that are available.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amanda E. Paluch, Shivangi Bajpai, Marcel Ballin, David R. Bassett, Thomas W. Buford, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Ariel Chernofsky, Erin E. Dooley, Ulf Ekelund, Kelly R. Evenson, Deborah A. Galuska, Barbara J. Jefferis, Lingsong Kong, William E. Kraus, Martin G. Larson, I-Min Lee, Charles E. Matthews, Robert L. Newton, Anna Nordstrom, Peter Nordstrom, Priya Palta, Alpa V. Patel, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Carl F. Pieper, Lisa Pompeii, Erika Rees-Punia, Nicole L. Spartano, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Peter H. Whincup, Shengping Yang, Janet E. Fulton
Summary: There is a significant difference in the association between steps per day and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk between older and younger adults. For older adults, taking more steps per day was associated with a progressively decreased risk of CVD. However, no significant relationship was found between steps per day and CVD risk among younger adults.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ravi Shah, Lyn M. Steffen, Matthew Nayor, Jared P. Reis, David R. Jacobs Jr, Norrina B. Allen, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Katie Meyer, Joanne Cole, Paolo Piaggi, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Clary B. Clish, Venkatesh L. Murthy
Summary: Metabolite signatures of diet are associated with long-term CM-CVD independent of lifestyle and traditional risk factors. Metabolomics improves precision to identify adverse consequences and pathways of diet-related CM-CVD.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Corey W. Bown, Omair A. Khan, Dandan Liu, Samuel W. Remedios, Kimberly R. Pechman, James G. Terry, Sangeeta Nair, L. Taylor Davis, Bennett A. Landman, Katherine A. Gifford, Timothy J. Hohman, John Jeffrey Carr, Angela L. Jefferson
Summary: This study found that enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) are difficult to quantify and their etiologies and consequences are unclear. The results suggest that higher aortic stiffness is associated with greater basal ganglia ePVS burden, and ePVS burden is associated with adverse cognitive trajectory, highlighting the clinical relevance of ePVS.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Venkat S. Manubolu, Song Mao, April Kinninger, Suraj Dahal, Khadije Ahmad, Ruby Havistin, Yanlin Gao, Chris Dailing, J. Jeffrey Carr, Sion K. Roy, Matthew J. Budoff
Summary: This study examined the relationship between thoracic spine bone mineral density (BMD) and severity of coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. The results showed a significant inverse relationship between BMD and CAC in both genders. Further research is needed to explore the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuni Choi, David R. R. Jacobs Jr, Michael Patrick Bancks, Cora E. E. Lewis, EunSeok Cha, Fengxia Yan, Mercedes R. R. Carnethon, Pamela J. J. Schreiner, Daniel A. A. Duprez
Summary: The study found that the American Heart Association's cardiovascular health (CVH) score is closely associated with early-onset diabetes, later-onset diabetes, and subsequent complications of diabetes. Higher CVH score is associated with lower risk of both early- and later-onset diabetes, as well as diabetic complications. This study highlights the importance of maintaining good cardiovascular health in preventing diabetes and its complications.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yingnan Song, Ammar Hoori, Hao Wu, Mani Vembar, Sadeer Al-Kindi, Leslie Ciancibello, James G. Terry, David R. R. Jacobs Jr, John Jeffrey Carr, David L. Wilson
Summary: Our goal is to improve CT calcium scores by extracting quantitative features from individual calcifications. We performed deconvolution to improve the bias/reproducibility of small calcification assessments, which can be degraded at the normal CT calcium score image resolution.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yariv Gerber, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, David R. Jacobs, Jennifer Y. Liu, Jamal S. Rana, Barbara Sternfeld, J. Jeffrey Carr, Paul D. Thompson, Stephen Sidney
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vinithra Varadarajan, Samuel S. Gidding, Colin Wu, J. Jeffrey Carr, Joao A. C. Lima
Summary: The increasing prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, along with worsening environmental factors, has led to a growing burden of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Noninvasive imaging techniques, including vascular ultrasound, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging, play a significant role in identifying early cardiovascular disease phenotypes. This article reviews the various imaging modalities used for the evaluation, characterization, and quantification of early subclinical cardiovascular diseases.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Gabrielle Y. Liu, Laura A. Colangelo, Raul San Jose Estepar, Anthony J. Esposito, Samuel Y. Ash, Bina Choi, David R. Jacobs, Mercedes R. Carnethon, George R. Washko, Ravi Kalhan
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rishi K. Wadhera, Karol E. Watson, Mercedes R. Carnethon
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brian T. Steffen, David R. Jacobs, So-Yun Yi, Simon J. Lees, James M. Shikany, James G. Terry, Cora E. Lewis, John J. Carr, Xia Zhou, Lyn M. Steffen
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether long-term intake of artificial sweeteners and diet beverages is associated with higher fat deposition and risk of obesity. The results showed that long-term intake of sweeteners and diet beverages was associated with increased fat deposition, weight gain, and higher risk of obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kaiwen Xu, Mirza S. Khan, Thomas Z. Li, Riqiang Gao, James G. Terry, Yuankai Huo, Thomas A. Lasko, John Jeffrey Carr, Fabien Maldonado, Bennett A. Landman, Kim L. Sandler
Summary: This study evaluated the added value of CT-based AI-derived body composition measurements in predicting the risk of lung cancer incidence, lung cancer death, cardiovascular disease death, and all-cause mortality. The results showed that these measurements improved the risk prediction for lung cancer death, CVD death, and all-cause mortality, but not for lung cancer incidence.