Article
Oncology
Kok Hoe Chan, Arthi Sridhar, Ji Zheng Lin, Syed Hassan Raza Jafri
Summary: This study investigated the association between site of metastasis and molecular profiling in patients with NSCLC. The results suggest that mutations can affect the metastatic site of NSCLC, while PD-L1 expression and TP53 mutation are more likely to lead to metastasis to organs other than bone or brain.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Viswam S. Nair, Angela Bik-Yu Hui, Jacob J. Chabon, Mohammad S. Esfahani, Henning Stehr, Barzin Y. Nabet, Li Zhou, Aadel A. Chaudhuri, Jalen Benson, Kelsey Ayers, Harmeet Bedi, Meghan Ramsey, Ryan Van Wert, Sanja Antic, Natalie Lui, Leah Backhus, Mark Berry, Arthur W. Sung, Pierre P. Massion, Joseph B. Shrager, Ash A. Alizadeh, Maximilian Diehn
Summary: This study compared tumor-derived mutations in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples to matched plasma samples from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The results showed that more tumor variants were detected in BAL cell-free DNA (cfDNA) than in plasma cfDNA, especially in early-stage disease. The study also found low levels of cancer-associated driver mutations in BAL cfDNA from controls, suggesting the presence of somatic mutations in nonmalignant airway cells. Targeted sequencing of BAL cfDNA is technically feasible and appears to be more sensitive than plasma profiling for detecting tumor-derived mutations.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Alexander Binder, Michael Bockmayr, Miriam Hagele, Stephan Wienert, Daniel Heim, Katharina Hellweg, Masaru Ishii, Albrecht Stenzinger, Andreas Hocke, Carsten Denkert, Klaus-Robert Mueller, Frederick Klauschen
Summary: The study introduces an explainable machine-learning approach for integrated profiling of morphological, molecular, and clinical features from breast cancer histology. By detecting cancer cells, predicting molecular features, and assessing the link between morphological and molecular properties, the approach aims to promote basic cancer research and precision medicine.
NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pandiyan Muthuramalingam, Sakthivel Akassh, Saravanan Bhavanisha Rithiga, Senthilkumar Prithika, Ravikumar Gunasekaran, Hyunsuk Shin, Reetesh Kumar, Venkidasamy Baskar, Jinwook Kim
Summary: This pilot study used various methods including network pharmacology, cheminformatics, integrative omics, molecular docking, and in vitro anti-cancer analysis to uncover the multi-targeted treatment mechanisms of novel plant bioactives in treating lung cancer. The study found that bioactive molecules from medicinal plants can efficiently target 390 human and lung cancer associated genes, and identified 7 bioactive molecules significantly targeting 8 lung cancer genes. In addition, unique genes between lung cancer and normal lung tissues were discovered and validated, and lupeol and p-coumaric acid exhibited high binding affinities with MIF, CCNB1, and FABP4.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Madama, Rosana Martins, Ana S. Pires, Maria F. Botelho, Marco G. Alves, Ana M. Abrantes, Carlos R. Cordeiro
Summary: Lung cancer is a significant burden globally, with late-stage diagnosis and low survival rates posing challenges. Interest in noninvasively collected samples and metabolomics as a growing area of study for lung cancer is increasing. More consistent and systematized studies are needed to identify metabolic biomarkers and pathways associated with tumor progression, relapse, and therapy resistance.
Article
Oncology
David A. Moore, Sarah Benafif, Benjamin Poskitt, Stephanie Argue, Siow-Ming Lee, Tanya Ahmad, Dionysis Papadatos-Pastos, Mariam Jamal-Hanjani, Philip Bennett, Martin D. Forster
Summary: This study aimed to trial a novel testing pathway that sequentially examined DNA and RNA to increase the efficacy of detecting fusion-driven NSCLCs.
Article
Oncology
Robert D. Schouten, Daan C. L. Vessies, Linda J. W. Bosch, Nicole P. Barlo, Anne S. R. van Lindert, Saskia A. G. M. Cillessen, Daan van den Broek, Michel M. van den Heuvel, Kim Monkhorst
Summary: This study explored the additional value of centralized ctDNA profiling in the primary diagnostic setting of mNSCLC, revealing that it can increase the proportion of patients eligible for targeted treatment while improving consistency and positive predictive value. However, plasma-CMP cannot fully replace tissue-based molecular profiling.
JCO PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Amgad Mohamed Elshoeibi, Basel Elsayed, Muhammad Zain Kaleem, Mohamed Ragab Elhadary, Mohannad Natheef Abu-Haweeleh, Yunes Haithm, Hubert Krzyslak, Semir Vranic, Shona Pedersen
Summary: This study aims to refine the diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) by identifying specific differentially expressed proteins, as well as distinguishing SCLC from large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). The research has the potential to transform the landscape of detection and tailored treatment strategies for these intricate lung cancers.
Article
Oncology
Xinyan Geng, Jie Ma, Pushpa Dhilipkannah, Feng Jiang
Summary: In this study, microRNA profiling was performed on three major blood cell types to identify potential biomarkers for lung cancer. It was found that red blood cell-derived microRNAs could potentially serve as novel biomarkers, and integrating microRNAs from multiple cell sources yielded superior diagnostic accuracy for lung cancer.
Article
Oncology
Jie Yang, Hefei Li, Ben Li, Wei Li, Qiang Guo, Ling Hu, Zizheng Song, Bin Zhou
Summary: The research identified various LP/P and VUS mutations in oncogenic driver genes in a group of lung cancer patients, with EGFR and ROS1 being the most common abnormal genes. Some patients also had somatic mutations when they had germline mutations. Additionally, 11 mutations were found to occur both in germline and somatic contexts.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jungwook Roh, Boseong Kim, Mijung Im, Wonyi Jang, Yeonsoo Chae, Jihoon Kang, Buhyun Youn, Wanyeon Kim
Summary: This study revealed that MALAT1 is overexpressed and promotes tumor progression in NSCLC. RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis identified five genes, including PGAM1, PGAM4, NOL6, NAP1L5, and SESN1, which are closely associated with patient survival and tumorigenesis.
Article
Cell Biology
Fei Mo, Yinan Xiao, Hao Zeng, Dian Fan, Jinen Song, Xiaobei Liu, Meng Luo, Xuelei Ma
Summary: Curcumin has shown promise as a supplementary therapy in cancer treatment, with our research demonstrating its ability to increase apoptosis rate and downregulate cell cycle-related pathways in human small cell lung cancer cells. Additionally, miRNA-548ah-5p was identified as playing a negative role in curcumin's anticarcinogenic activity.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alice Mogenet, Fabrice Barlesi, Benjamin Besse, Stefan Michiels, Maryam Karimi, Alicia Tran-Dien, Nicolas Girard, Julien Mazieres, Clarisse Audigier-Valette, Myriam Locatelli-Sanchez, Maud Kamal, Pierre Gestraud, Abderaouf Hamza, Alexandra Jacquet, Marta Jimenez, Sabrina Yara, Laurent Greillier, Francois Bertucci, David Planchard, Jean-Charles Soria, Ivan Bieche, Pascale Tomasini
Summary: Lung cancer is the most common cause of brain metastases (BMs) and the response to systemic treatments is inconsistent. This study identified a specific gene signature and explored the effects of different maintenance treatment regimens on central nervous system (CNS) outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Claire E. Henry, Khoi Phan, Elena J. Orsman, Diane Kenwright, Michelle C. Thunders, Sara K. Filoche
Summary: The study aimed to explore molecular profiling of primary endometrial cancer tissue in New Zealand. Results showed that some of the samples had abnormalities that require further investigation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Radu Pirlog, Paul Chiroi, Ioana Rusu, Ancuta Maria Jurj, Liviuta Budisan, Cecilia Pop-Bica, Cornelia Braicu, Doinita Crisan, Jean-Christophe Sabourin, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
Summary: There are two categories of lung cancers: non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Recent research has identified new potential biomarkers for early-stage lung cancer, including non-coding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Marco Donatello Delcuratolo, Marcello Tucci, Fabio Turco, Rosario Francesco Di Stefano, Antonio Ungaro, Marco Audisio, Alessandro Samuelly, Federica Brusa, Alessandro Audisio, Massimo Di Maio, Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti, Consuelo Buttigliero
Summary: In the past fifteen years, there has been a significant revolution in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) due to a better understanding of the biological processes promoting tumor growth and progression. Angiogenesis, as a critical factor in RCC pathogenesis, has led to the development of targeted therapies that interfere with vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. The understanding of the interplay between angiogenesis and immune cells has also led to the approval of dual immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and ICIs plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) combinations as first line treatment, showing overall survival benefit compared to targeted therapies. This article summarizes the activity and biological rationale of ICIs combinations as mRCC first line therapy, as well as reviewing the clinical and biological criteria useful for treatment sequencing, focusing on ICIs combinations resistance mechanisms.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jordi Remon, Guillermo Villacampa, Francesco Facchinetti, Massimo Di Maio, Florit Marcuse, Marcello Tiseo, Monique Hochstenbag, Lizza E. L. Hendriks, Benjamin Besse
Summary: There is no standard second-line treatment for patients with advanced TET after platinum-based chemotherapy. Although ICB is a potential treatment strategy, its efficacy seems limited with an increased risk of ir-AEs, thus hampering its application in daily clinical practice.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Alvaro Leone, Lucia Anna Muscarella, Paolo Graziano, Andrea Tornese, Lucia Rosalba Grillo, Angela Di Lorenzo, Monica Bronzini, Stefania Scarpino, Angelo Sparaneo, Giulio Rossi
Summary: Updated international guidelines recommend NGS as the preferred procedure for NSCLC patients' evaluation for predictive biomarkers, but it is not universally available. Alternative molecular techniques are rapidly evolving, each with different characteristics and performance. The Idylla GeneFusion assay, a rapid and fully automated platform, shows promise as a stand-alone test or alternative option for ultra-rapid NSCLC patient profiling.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lina Zuccatosta, Tommaso Bizzarro, Giulio Rossi, Graziana Gallo, Stefano Gasparini, Andrea Ambrosini-Spaltro
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of Claudin-4 and BAP1 in distinguishing between sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) and sarcomatoid mesothelioma (SM). The results showed that Claudin-4 was specifically expressed in SC, while BAP1 loss was specifically found in SM. Although the specificity of Claudin-4 and BAP1 detection was high (100%), their sensitivity was relatively low.
Review
Biology
Sara Cherri, Laura Melocchi, Laura Gandolfi, Giulio Rossi, Alberto Zaniboni
Summary: In recent years, precision medicine has gained importance in medical oncology, including colorectal cancer, and has led to the discovery of new targeted treatments for previously untargetable mutations, such as KRAS G12C. This has stimulated scientific research on other potential targets of KRAS and combination treatments to overcome drug resistance. The prognostic role of the KRAS mutation has also become significant and can aid in therapeutic decision-making within a multidisciplinary team approach.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Massimo Di Maio
Summary: Recently, many cancer drugs have been approved based on single-arm studies without direct comparison with standard, leading to potential bias in the analysis of quality of life and patient-reported outcomes. Caution is needed to avoid overrating methodologically weak evidence and to involve PROs experts in planning and interpreting analyses.
CANCER INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Giacomo Bregni, Elena Trevisi, Rita Saude Conde, Michele Vanhooren, Tugba Akin Telli, Irene Assaf, Alain Hendlisz, Massimo Di Maio, Francesco Sclafani
Summary: This study assessed the association between the outcome of phase III gastrointestinal cancer trials and the level and characteristics of preexisting evidence. The study found no significant association between the level of prior evidence and the results of phase III trials. These findings highlight the need to improve the drug development process in this field.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Michele Montrone, Gerardo Rosati, Vito Longo, Annamaria Catino, Raffaella Massafra, Annalisa Nardone, Francesco Pesola, Elisabetta Sara Montagna, Ilaria Marech, Pamela Pizzutilo, Domenico Galetta
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 80% of cases. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic and early-stage NSCLC. However, the elderly face challenges in treatment due to comorbidities and reduced organ function. Despite less toxicity compared to chemotherapy, ICIs may be less effective in patients older than 75, possibly due to immunosenescence. This review explores the role of immunotherapy in elderly NSCLC patients, considering the biological aspects of immunosenescence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Valentina Tuninetti, Eleonora Ghisoni, Sandro Pignata, Elisa Picardo, Francesco Raspagliesi, Claudia Andreetta, Elena Maldi, Grazia Artioli, Serafina Mammoliti, Lucia Zanchi, Angelica Sikokis, Nicoletta Biglia, Alessandro Parisi, Vincenzo Dario Mandato, Claudia Carella, Gennaro Cormio, Marco Marinaccio, Andrea Puppo, Biagio Paolini, Lucia Borsotti, Giulia Scotto, Margherita Turinetto, Dario Sangiolo, Massimo Di Maio, Giorgio Valabrega
Summary: The expression of Ki67 at diagnosis does not predict the response to PARP inhibitors in BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura Melocchi, Giulio Rossi, Mirca Valli, Maria Cecilia Mengoli, Michele Mondoni, Luigi Lazzari-Agli, Giacomo Santandrea, Fabio Davoli, Chiara Baldovini, Alberto Cavazza, Thomas V. Colby
Summary: Pulmonary minute meningothelial-like nodules (MMNs) are tiny proliferations of meningothelial cells found in surgical specimens, sharing similar characteristics with meningiomas. The identification of multiple bilateral MMNs may lead to diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis (DPM), which can be difficult to differentiate from metastatic primary intracranial meningioma without clinic-radiologic integration. This study reports four cases fitting the criteria of DPM, with all cases showing immunohistochemical expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), progesterone receptor, and CD56. Close correlation with clinic-radiologic data is crucial for the diagnosis of DPM.
Article
Oncology
Angioletta Lasagna, Antonella Brunello, Nicola Silvestris, Paolo Pedrazzoli, Massimo Di Maio, Saverio Cinieri
Summary: This survey conducted in 2022 among Italian oncologists reveals some issues in their perception and attitudes towards vaccination for preventable diseases, highlighting the need for further education and training. The results show that only 30% of oncologists usually propose vaccination schedules during the first visit, and some do not even discuss vaccines. While some patients are aware of the benefits of vaccines, others are concerned about receiving too many vaccines.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
L. Bertolaccini, S. Mohamed, D. Galetta, F. Petrella, M. Casiraghi, C. Diotti, A. Mazzella, G. Lo Iacono, L. Girelli, G. Sedda, F. de Marinis, L. Spaggiari
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Lighea Simona Airo Farulla, Laura Lavinia Travaini, Mariarosaria Cuomo, Domenico Galetta, Francesco Mattana, Samuele Frassoni, Giuseppe Buonsanti, Lorenzo Muraglia, Giulia Anna Zuccotti, Vincenzo Bagnardi, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Francesco Ceci
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [F-18]FDG-PET/CT in identifying lung metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The results showed suboptimal diagnostic accuracy of [F-18]FDG-PET/CT in distinguishing RCC lung metastases from other malignancies, but a semiquantitative analysis including volumetric parameters could aid in the interpretation of [F-18]FDG-PET/CT images.
