Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jin Hean Koh, Lydia Ching Yee Chong, Gerald Choon Huat Koh, Shilpa Tyagi
Summary: This umbrella review examined the effectiveness of telemedicine interventions for the management of COPD. The results showed that telemedicine interventions, including teletreatment, telemonitoring, and telesupport, were effective in reducing hospitalization days, improving quality of life, and lowering respiratory exacerbations and hospitalization rates. Therefore, telemedicine interventions should be considered as a supplementary approach to the outpatient management of COPD to alleviate the burden on healthcare systems.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Xiaoyan Gai, Chenglin Guo, Linlin Zhang, Lijiao Zhang, Mairipaiti Abulikemu, Juan Wang, Qingtao Zhou, Yahong Chen, Yongchang Sun, Chun Chang
Summary: The study found that during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), specific glycerophospholipids were significantly reduced in expression. These glycerophospholipids were able to predict the acute exacerbation and recovery stages, particularly in the non-eosinophilic subtype. Abnormalities in glycerophospholipid metabolism may be associated with the onset of AECOPD.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kentaro Hyodo, Hironori Masuko, Hisayuki Oshima, Rie Shigemasa, Haruna Kitazawa, Jun Kanazawa, Hiroaki Iijima, Hiroichi Ishikawa, Takahide Kodama, Akihiro Nomura, Katsunori Kagohashi, Hiroaki Satoh, Takefumi Saito, Tohru Sakamoto, Nobuyuki Hizawa
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the exacerbation-prone phenotypes beyond disease labels in asthma and COPD using shared risk factors and to examine the role of the IL4RA gene polymorphism related to type 2 inflammation. The results showed common exacerbation-prone endotypes in chronic inflammatory airway diseases, supporting the use of a treatable traits approach for prevention.
Review
Respiratory System
Mairi MacLeod, Alberto Papi, Marco Contoli, Bianca Beghe, Bartolome R. Celli, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Leonardo M. Fabbri
Summary: Exacerbations in COPD significantly impact disease progression, comorbidities, wellbeing, and mortality. They represent a major socioeconomic burden. Current definitions of exacerbations focus on worsening respiratory symptoms, but other factors can also contribute. Objective measurements like blood counts and C-reactive protein should be used to improve accuracy in diagnosis. Acute management includes interventions like corticosteroids, antibiotics, and non-invasive ventilation. Long-term prevention strategies, such as inhaled therapy and tailored approaches based on clinical phenotypes, are needed to better manage exacerbations.
Article
Respiratory System
Yifei Duan, Siyi Zhou, Jianmiao Wang
Summary: Our previous studies have shown that BRD4 is increased in the lungs of stable COPD patients and is involved in inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the role of BRD4 in viral exacerbations of COPD.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Frank D. Andersen, Christian Trolle, Asger Roer Pedersen, Maria L. Kopfli, Sanne Borgesen, Michael S. Jensen, Charlotte Hyldgaard
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of telemonitoring on hospitalization rates for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The results showed that patients who received telemonitoring experienced significantly fewer acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations, although the overall risk of having at least one hospitalization and the time to first hospitalization was similar between the two groups.
JOURNAL OF TELEMEDICINE AND TELECARE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Alexandre J. Pratt, Andrew Purssell, Tinghua Zhang, Vanessa P. J. Luks, Xavier Bauza, Sunita Mulpuru, Miranda Kirby, Shawn D. Aaron, Juthaporn Cowan
Summary: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a complex clinical syndrome, and patients may have concurrent diseases such as pneumonia or congestive heart failure causing dyspnea. This study aimed to identify clinical, radiographic, and laboratory characteristics that could help distinguish AECOPD from other dominant diseases. The findings suggest the need for a more specific clinical tool to diagnose AECOPD.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Marisa Bergsoe, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Mohamad Isam Saeed, Josefin Eklof, Zaigham Saghir, Rikke Sorensen, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Jens-Ulrik Staehr Jensen
Summary: The study suggests that the use of methotrexate (MTX) may reduce the risk of exacerbations in COPD patients, particularly within the first six months after treatment. This finding could potentially contribute to the management of COPD patients with frequent exacerbations.
Article
Respiratory System
Xiao-feng Xiong, Min Zhu, Hong-xia Wu, Li-li Fan, De-yun Cheng
Summary: This study evaluated the immunophenotype of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) and found abnormal activation of Th1, Th17, and Treg cells. The proportion of Th17 cells was correlated with the severity of COPD, suggesting it may be a novel index for evaluating COPD severity.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biology
Jean-Louis Pepin, Bruno Degano, Renaud Tamisier, Damien Viglino
Summary: The progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is often accompanied by acute exacerbations, which can lead to worsened symptoms, declining respiratory function, and reduced quality of life. Predicting and detecting exacerbations early is crucial for effective management. Remote telemonitoring plays a significant role in predicting and managing acute exacerbations in COPD patients.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shi Qi Li, Xian Wen Sun, Liu Zhang, Yong Jie Ding, Hong Peng Li, Ya Ru Yan, Ying Ni Lin, Jian Ping Zhou, Qing Yun Li
Summary: COPD is a significant global health burden, with AECOPD exacerbation accelerating disease progression and increasing hospitalization and mortality risk. Insomnia and OSA are common in COPD patients, increasing susceptibility to AECOPD, highlighting the importance of considering sleep disorders in clinical management.
SLEEP MEDICINE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marie Dam Lauridsen, Jan Brink Valentin, Jarl Emanuel Strange, Peter A. Jacobsen, Lars Kober, Soren Paaske Johnsen, Ulla Weinreich, Emil Fosbol
Summary: Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with higher 1-year mortality after tran-scatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Among COPD patients, those with a higher risk of exacerbation have a significantly increased mortality rate compared to those with a lower risk. The use of guideline recommended COPD medication and home oxygen therapy can help reduce mortality in COPD patients undergoing TAVR.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Qingling Li, Weng Wong, Andrew Birnberg, Arindam Chakrabarti, Xiaoying Yang, David F. Choy, Julie Olsson, Erik Verschueren, Margaret Neighbors, Wendy Sandoval, Carrie M. Rosenberger, Michele A. Grimbaldeston, Gaik W. Tew
Summary: The study revealed that there is an association between systemic LPA levels and exacerbations in COPD. Patients with low and medium levels of specific LPA species (LPA16:0, 20:4) had increased exacerbation rate, risk, and earlier time to first exacerbation. These non-invasive biomarkers may help identify high-risk patients with dysregulated LPA pathway for risk management and drug development.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Ying Zhou, Yingying Qiao, Ian M. Adcock, Jun Zhou, Xin Yao
Summary: Elevated expression of FIZZ2 in patients with COPD and its serum concentration might be a potential biomarker for AECOPD.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
W. Y. Kang, E. Y. Kim, S. Choi, B-S Choi
Summary: This study describes a case of a worker in the agricultural and livestock industries who experienced acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after being exposed to high levels of bioaerosols. The presence of endotoxins and microorganisms in the bioaerosols may have contributed to airway infections and subsequent COPD exacerbations.
OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Dominic L. Sykes, Luke Holdsworth, Nadia Jawad, Pumali Gunasekera, Alyn H. Morice, Michael G. Crooks
Summary: Recent studies have shown that COVID-19 patients may experience lasting symptoms, with females being more likely to report residual symptoms. The phenomenon of Long-COVID may not be solely attributed to the impact of SARS-CoV-2, indicating a potential role of biopsychosocial effects of COVID-19 in its etiology.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Phillip D. Monk, Richard J. Marsden, Victoria J. Tear, Jody Brookes, Toby N. Batten, Marcin Mankowski, Felicity J. Gabbay, Donna E. Davies, Stephen T. Holgate, Ling-Pei Ho, Tristan Clark, Ratko Djukanovic, Tom M. A. Wilkinson
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of using interferon beta-1a to treat COVID-19, with results showing that patients who received treatment had higher and faster recovery rates, providing potential evidence for further clinical trials.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Carey M. Suehs, Andrew Menzies-Gow, David Price, Eugene R. Bleecker, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Mark Gurnell, Arnaud Bourdin
Summary: In this study, expert consensus statements were developed on tapering oral corticosteroid (OCS) use in asthma patients through a modified Delphi method. Experts agreed on attempting OCS tapering in patients receiving maintenance therapy, personalizing the tapering rhythm and speed. Areas of nonconsensus were identified, emphasizing the need for further research in certain aspects of OCS use in asthma.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Michael G. Crooks, Albertus C. den Brinker, Susannah Thackray-Nocera, Ralph van Dinther, Caroline E. Wright, Alyn H. Morice
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of cough monitoring and questionnaire surveys in identifying prodromal symptoms of AE-COPD, with results showing that the alert system based on cough monitoring is more effective in predicting AE-COPD in advance, while the utility of questionnaire-based symptom monitoring is limited by frequent false alerts.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Judith Dyson, Malvika Bhatnagar, James Skinner, Michael Crooks
Summary: This study aims to investigate the barriers and facilitators to e-cigarette cessation and the support needed. Through systematic searches and paper selection, it was found that barriers to e-cigarette cessation include fear of returning to tobacco, dependency, and stress reduction. Additionally, health and hazard beliefs, degree of enjoyment, social influences, and environmental factors are identified as barriers or facilitators. Several support measures for e-cigarette cessation were suggested. Therefore, addressing these specific barriers to e-cigarette cessation should be considered in intervention design.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Albertus C. den Brinker
Summary: The study proposes an algorithm for stable determination of orthogonal basis for Krawtchouk functions, achieved by defining proper initial points, balancing the order of recursion execution, and adaptively restricting the range of equation application. The adaptation is controlled by user-specified deviation from unit norm, with theoretical background provided, algorithmic concept explained, and the effect of controlled accuracy demonstrated through examples.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gavin D. Perkins, Chen Ji, Bronwen A. Connolly, Keith Couper, Ranjit Lall, J. Kenneth Baillie, Judy M. Bradley, Paul Dark, Chirag Dave, Anthony De Soyza, Anna Dennis, Anne Devrell, Sara Fairbairn, Hakim Ghani, Ellen A. Gorman, Christopher A. Green, Nicholas Hart, Siew Wan Hee, Zoe Kimbley, Shyam Madathil, Nicola McGowan, Benjamin Messer, Jay Naisbitt, Chloe Norman, Dhruv Parekh, Emma M. Parkin, Jaimin Patel, Scott E. Regan, Clare Ross, Anthony J. Rostron, Mohammad Saim, Anita K. Simonds, Emma Skilton, Nigel Stallard, Michael Steiner, Rama Vancheeswaran, Joyce Yeung, Daniel F. McAuley
Summary: Among patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19, an initial strategy of CPAP significantly reduced the risk of tracheal intubation or mortality compared with conventional oxygen therapy, but there was no significant difference between an initial strategy of HFNO compared with conventional oxygen therapy. The study may have been underpowered for the comparison of HFNO vs conventional oxygen therapy, and early study termination and crossover among the groups should be considered when interpreting the findings.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Lucia Crowther, Mark Pearson, Helena Cummings, Michael George Crooks
Summary: This article describes an experience-based codesign process for developing an implementation-ready intervention to reduce the overuse of short-acting beta agonist (SABA) and optimize asthma treatment.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alex Wilkinson, Ekaterina Maslova, Christer Janson, Yang Xu, John Haughney, Jennifer K. Quint, Nigel Budgen, Andrew Menzies-Gow, John Bell, Michael G. Crooks
Summary: The CARBON program aims to assess the carbon footprint of respiratory care and identify strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It will quantify the carbon footprint of medications and healthcare resource utilization and explore the impact of different treatment approaches on greenhouse gas emissions in patients with respiratory diseases.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Wenjin Wang, Albertus C. den Brinker
Summary: This study aims to investigate and evaluate the accuracy and performance of video-based respiratory signal measurement algorithms based on body motion by designing a physical phantom. According to the experimental results, the recommended approach achieves high precision and recall rates even in scenarios with significant variations in respiratory motion intensity.
PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Albertus C. den Brinker
Summary: This article discusses the generation of discrete orthogonal polynomials from recurrence or difference equations. It proposes a strategy to handle the deviation and successfully generates the orthonormal basis for a large range of supports and polynomial degrees. It pays special attention to the application of symmetry in simplifying the algorithm and saving computational power.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Rachael A. Evans, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Hamish J. C. McAuley, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Marco Sereno, Ruth M. Saunders, Victoria C. Harris, Raminder Aul, Paul Beirne, Charlotte E. Bolton, Jeremy S. Brown, Gourab Choudhury, Nawar Diar Bakerly, Nicholas Easom, Carlos Echevarria, Jonathan Fuld, Nick Hart, John R. Hurst, Mark Jones, Dhruv Parekh, Paul Pfeffer, Najib M. Rahman, Sarah Rowland-Jones, Ajay M. Shah, Dan G. Wootton, Trudie Chalder, Melanie J. Davies, Anthony De Soyza, William Greenhalf, Neil J. Greening, Liam G. Heaney, Simon Heller, Luke Howard, Joseph Jacob, R. Gisli Jenkins, Janet M. Lord, Will D-C Man, Gerry P. McCann, Stefan Neubauer, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Joanna Porter, Jennifer Quint, Matthew J. Rowland, Janet T. Scott, Malcolm G. Semple, Sally J. Singh, Mark Toshner, Keir Lewis, Andrew Briggs, Annemarie B. Docherty, Steven Kerr, Nazir Lone, Aziz Sheikh, Mathew Thorpe, Bang Zheng, James D. Chalmers, Ling-Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Krisnah Poinasamy, Betty Raman, Ewen M. Harrison, Louise Wain, Christopher E. Brightling
Summary: This study aimed to describe recovery one year after hospital discharge for COVID-19 and identify potential therapeutic targets by analyzing inflammatory profiles. The results showed that a significant proportion of patients did not fully recover one year after discharge. Female sex, obesity, and invasive mechanical ventilation were associated with lower likelihood of full recovery. Inflammation and obesity may be treatable traits that need further investigation in clinical trials.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Wenjin Wang, Steffen Weiss, Albertus C. den Brinker, Jan Hendrik Wuelbern, Albert Garcia i Tormo, Ioannis Pappous, Julien Senegas
Summary: Camera-based photoplethysmography (PPG) is a feasible alternative for cardiac triggering in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Compared to traditional Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, camera-based PPG provides more stable and less delayed signal.
IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Dominic L. Sykes, Michael G. Crooks, Khaing Thu Thu, Oliver Brown, Theodore J. P. Tyrer, Jodie Rennardson, Catherine Littlefield, Shoaib Faruqi
Summary: A single-center observational study found that CPAP and HFNO delivered outside of the intensive care setting are viable treatment options for patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia, including those considered unsuitable for invasive mechanical ventilation. The overall mortality rate was 59%, with survivors being younger and having a lower Clinical Frailty Score compared to non-survivors. Treatment with CPAP or HFNO was well tolerated by majority of patients with no significant difference in mortality observed between the two therapies.
Article
Respiratory System
Simon D. Fraser, Michael G. Crooks, Paul M. Kaye, Simon P. Hart
Summary: In patients with chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis, nonclassical monocytes exhibit lower expression of regulatory receptors, while classical and intermediate monocytes show two distinct and persistent phenotypes of CD200R expression, suggesting potential biomarkers for sarcoidosis.