Article
Behavioral Sciences
Domhnall Finch, Henry Schofield, Josh A. Firth, Fiona Mathews
Summary: Bats are highly social animals and their social structures are influenced by spatial and temporal factors. Older and male bats play more central roles in the social network, and noncore hibernacula may act as locations to connect less-connected individuals. Movements between hibernacula are associated with observation frequency rather than other life history traits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aoqiang Li, Zhongle Li, Haixia Leng, Longru Jin, Yanhong Xiao, Keping Sun, Jiang Feng
Summary: This study investigates the seasonal dynamics and driving forces of bat skin microbiota. The results show significant seasonal shifts in skin community structure and lower microbial diversity during hibernation. Neutral processes, such as dispersal or ecological drift, have the greatest influence on skin microbiota, but environmental bacterial reservoirs also play a role.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ji Eun Jang, Seo Yeon Byeon, Hye Ri Kim, Ji Young Kim, Hyeon Ho Myeong, Hyuk Je Lee
Summary: Dispersal plays a crucial role in the ecological and evolutionary processes of natural populations, with mating behavior being a critical factor shaping dispersal patterns and extents. Our study on the great horseshoe bat revealed a matrilineal population structure but weak nuclear geographic structure, indicating female philopatry and male-biased dispersal. Additionally, a large-scale phylogenetic analysis showed unexpected deep divergence among different regions, suggesting the presence of a cryptic species complex in Rhinolophus ferrumequinum.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sen Liu, Xufan Wang, Yue Zhu, Dongge Guo, Yanmei Wang, Ying Wang
Summary: In the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum), the relative global DNA methylation levels and mRNA expression levels of certain methylation-related proteins, including DNMTs and MBPs, significantly increased in the torpid state compared to the active state. These changes may be involved in methylation or regulation of specific genes according to hibernation status, suggesting the existence of epigenetic mechanisms that facilitate the hibernation process in R. ferrumequinum.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Xiaolin Li, Tong Liu, Aoqiang Li, Yanhong Xiao, Keping Sun, Jiang Feng
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms influencing the diversity and genetic differentiation of MHC genes in the greater horseshoe bat. The results showed that environmental stress and selective pressure influence MHC diversity, and climate factors play a role in local adaptation.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
L. Ancillotto, F. Festa, F. De Benedetta, F. Cosentino, B. Pejic, D. Russo
Summary: This study found that traditional cattle farming in mountainous areas may influence bat activity in agricultural ecosystems, particularly benefiting certain bat species. Some bat species showed a preference for foraging in areas with cattle farming, highlighting the importance of traditional farming practices in sustaining biodiversity in mountainous landscapes.
AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Marie Perennes, Tim Diekoetter, Hannes Hoffmann, Emily A. Martin, Boris Schroeder, Benjamin Burkhard
Summary: Natural pest control is important for sustainable agriculture. This study developed a hierarchical model to predict the distribution of 111 species from seven arthropod families in an agricultural region in northern Germany. The model incorporates environmental and landscape factors to determine the capacity of landscapes to support pest control ecosystem services. The findings can inform habitat improvement and biodiversity conservation measures to enhance ecosystem services supply.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Sen Liu, Yue Zhu, Haixia Leng, Ying Wang, Xiangju Yin, Yajun Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the epigenetic variation in six tissues of Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, revealing significant DNA methylation differences among tissues, with BAT and B tissues showing distinct methylation profiles compared to the other tissues.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Joon Hyuk Sohn, Dai Fukui, Taro Nojiri, Kazuhiro Minowa, Junpei Kimura, Daisuke Koyabu
Summary: The study utilized histological observation and diceCT technology to conduct a detailed three-dimensional analysis of the male genital organs in the greater horseshoe bat, revealing unique features such as the urethral gland. This research provides new insights into the reproductive anatomy of bats and suggests potential mating behaviors in the species.
JOURNAL OF MAMMALIAN EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Elena Tena, Jose Luis Telleria
Summary: This study utilizes bat detectors to sample bat activity in central Spain and finds that areas of high bat activity are predominantly located at the foothills of mountains, overlapping with existing protected areas. The research suggests that monitoring high bat activity areas could complement roosting site protection for the conservation of bat populations.
ANIMAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Hossein Piri Sahragard, Majid Ajorlo, Peyman Karami
Summary: The study aimed to model the habitat suitability of wild almond using three individual species distribution models, as well as the ensemble technique. Results showed that BP-ANN had the highest accuracy in modeling habitat suitability, followed by the ensemble technique, GLM, and MaxEnt models. Analysis revealed that canyon, mountain top, upland drainage, and hills in valley classes had the highest suitability for the species establishment.
ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elzbieta Ziolkowska, Christopher J. Topping, Agnieszka J. Bednarska, Ryszard Laskowski
Summary: The study found that reducing the lethality of insecticides had a greater positive impact on the population dynamics of carabid beetles, while increasing the abundance of field margins had a smaller effect. Field margins play an important role as a supporting, not stand-alone, mitigation measure in maintaining viable beetle populations in agricultural landscapes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Yugo Ikeda, Masaharu Motokawa
Summary: The study raises doubts about the monophyly of the Japanese population of R. nippon, suggesting a potential reverse colonization from the Japanese Archipelago to the Eurasian continent. This provides important insights into the role of island systems in creating and supplying diversity to the continent.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. N. J. Bonekamp, N. Wanders, K. van Der Wiel, A. F. Lutz, W. W. Immerzeel
Summary: Natural disasters in High Mountain Asia are mostly induced by precipitation and temperature extremes. Global warming is expected to increase precipitation extremes, with different regions showing varying responses and trends.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Mohammed Lamine Bendjeddou, Idriss Bouam, Stephane Aulagnier, Seif E. Abdelaziz, Khaled Etayeb, Andrei Daniel Mihalca, Attila D. Sandor
Summary: The lesser horseshoe bat has a broad distribution in warm temperate regions of Europe and Western Asia, and a patchy distribution in Africa. The first record of this species in Libya significantly expands its known geographic range. The species distribution modelling analysis suggests that the suitable habitat for this bat is mainly found within the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome in North Africa.
Article
Ecology
Jed A. Long
Article
Forestry
Liping Wei, Frederic Archaux, Florian Hulin, Isabelle Bilger, Frederic Gosselin
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Urska Demsar, Jed A. Long, Fernando Benitez-Paez, Vanessa Brum Bastos, Solene Marion, Gina Martin, Sebastijan Sekulic, Kamil Smolak, Beate Zein, Katarzyna Sila-Nowicka
Summary: Movement analysis is crucial in various disciplines, and there is a need for better integration between animal and human movement studies. A bottom-up approach based on existing literature is necessary to establish a solid foundation for the Integrated Science of Movement, aiming to bridge disciplinary gaps and create a unified framework for movement research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Vanessa Brum-Bastos, Marcelina Los, Jed A. Long, Trisalyn Nelson, Urska Demsar
Summary: The research emphasizes the importance of context in animal movement, introduces the concept of Context-Aware Movement Analysis (CAMA), and highlights the focus areas for future research, including data integration, temporal dynamics, and information extraction from contextualized data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jed A. Long, Milad Malekzadeh, Ben Klar, Gina Martin
Summary: Regionally targeted interventions have been used by governments to slow the spread of COVID-19, but their effectiveness in areas with free movement is uncertain. This study uses mobile-phone network mobility data to test two hypotheses and analyzes regionally targeted interventions in Ontario, Canada. The findings suggest that these interventions had no significant effect on inter-regional mobility and that mobility was influenced by socio-economic factors and distance to the intervention region's boundary. These findings are important for guiding the design of regionally targeted interventions based on observed mobility patterns.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eric Chraibi, Haley Arnold, Sandra Luque, Amy Deacon, Anne E. Magurran, Jean-Baptiste Feret
Summary: Monitoring biodiversity on a global scale is challenging, with field assessments being costly and limited to small spatial scales. This study explored the use of remote sensing to assess tree biodiversity changes in cacao agroforests and primary forests, highlighting the potential of remote sensing to detect compositional changes in forests and expand on field data for better understanding landscape-level patterns of forest diversity.
Article
Ecology
Fernando Benitez-Paez, Vanessa da Silva Brum-Bastos, Ciaran D. Beggan, Jed A. Long, Urska Demsar
Summary: This study explores how migratory animals use geomagnetic information for navigation, focusing on the merging of satellite geomagnetic data with animal tracking data. By developing a new tool for data fusion, researchers can access accurate real-time satellite geomagnetic data during animal tracking studies, providing insights for large-scale multi-species migratory studies. The tool has the potential to uncover new knowledge about geomagnetic navigation and resolve long-standing debates in the field.
Article
Geography
Sebastijan Sekulic, Jed Long, Urska Demsar
Summary: Community detection is a common method for analyzing flow networks in geography, allowing the partitioning of networks into densely interconnected regions. Geographically weighted community detection can capture the geographical nature of flow regions, generating smaller and more compact areas, and can be used to distinguish between different types of movement-type communities.
TRANSACTIONS IN GIS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Solene Marion, Urska Demsar, Althea L. Davies, Philip A. Stephens, R. Justin Irvine, Jed A. Long
Summary: Outdoor recreational activities have the potential to affect the interactions between wildlife and livestock, leading to increased temporal overlap in areas further from hiking paths. This impact on spatio-temporal interactions can have consequences for animal welfare, vegetation, management, and disease transmission.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chang Ren, Luliang Tang, Xue Yang, Jed Long
Summary: This study focuses on extracting 3D structures of grade-separated junctions from vehicle trajectories using semantic segmentation and data fusion. The proposed method outperformed baseline methods in terms of semantic segmentation accuracy. Despite large elevation discrepancies among trajectories, the performance of the proposed method remained consistent across crowdsourced trajectory datasets.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Solene Marion, Urska Demsar, Althea L. Davies, Philip A. Stephens, R. Justin Irvine, Jed A. Long
Summary: This study used camera traps to investigate the behavior of red deer in interactions with outdoor hikers in Scotland. The study found that red deer in the vicinity of hiking paths choose to spatially avoid instead of displaying intense behavior, suggesting habituation to the presence of hikers.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Alexis Laforge, Luc Barbaro, Yves Bas, Francois Calatayud, Sylvie Ladet, Clelia Sirami, Frederic Archaux
Summary: This study examined the interactions between road density, forest fragmentation, and bat diversity. The results showed that forest condition and patchiness were more influential than road density on most aspects of bat diversity, except for functional evenness. Bat diversity peaked in landscapes with moderate levels of forest fragmentation, while road density had negative effects on functional and phylogenetic diversity. The study provides insights for landscape planning to enhance the resilience of bat communities to road expansion and forest fragmentation.
LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
(2022)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Karim Malik, Colin Robertson, Steven A. Roberts, Tarmo K. Remmel, Jed A. Long
Summary: This paper reviews the use of computer vision models and artificial neural networks in geographical analysis, with a focus on the representation and comparison of spatial patterns. The authors find that scale, which is typically considered a model parameter in computer vision, is a contextual element in geographical research. However, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are relatively robust to small-scale variations due to their ability to learn multiscale features. Although there are still challenges in parameterizing computer vision models to represent multiscale patterns, a typology of scales can provide a framework for guidelines in a geographic context.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geography
Jed A. Long, Jinhyung Lee, Darja Reuschke
Summary: This paper develops spatial graph-based methods to quantify patterns of human mobility termed activity graphs. Four primary dimensions of mobility are identified: quantity, extent, connectedness, and clustering. A case study with GPS tracking data demonstrates how activity graphs can be applied in practice and how new dimensions of mobility captured by activity graphs may lead to new insights about mobility behaviour. The analysis fits within the time-geographic framework presented by Hagerstrand, and highlights opportunities for continued research motivated by issues emphasized by Hagerstrand in his seminal work.
JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Diego Ellis-Soto, Ruth Y. Oliver, Vanessa Brum-Bastos, Urska Demsar, Brett Jesmer, Jed A. Long, Francesca Cagnacci, Federico Ossi, Nuno Queiroz, Mark Hindell, Roland Kays, Matthias-Claudio Loretto, Thomas Mueller, Robert Patchett, David W. Sims, Marlee A. Tucker, Yan Ropert-Coudert, Christian Rutz, Walter Jetz
Summary: Wildlife are affected by human movement and static human infrastructure. The authors propose a 'dynamic human footprint' that incorporates metrics accounting for time-varying human activities. Understanding human-wildlife interactions is crucial for preserving biodiversity as human activities shape landscapes, and capturing more dynamic processes in ecological studies is challenging.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
