Review
Clinical Neurology
Takeo Fujiwara
Summary: This paper discusses the long-term effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on physical and mental health, including measurement and assessment methods of ACEs, possible mechanisms of how ACEs affect health, and future directions for prevention and treatment of ACEs' impact on health.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yucheng Chen, Yuxiao Zhao
Summary: This study aims to explore the trajectories of health inequalities induced by childhood SES across the life course in China. Two competing theories, cumulative disadvantage theory and age-neutral theory, are examined. Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2018, a two-level mixed-effects model was used to analyze the trajectories of health inequalities. The findings support both theories, with health gaps induced by childhood SES widening before old age (cumulative disadvantage theory) and converging in older adults (age-neutral theory).
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jessica Polos, Stephanie Koning, Thomas McDade
Summary: This study examines the impact of adolescent peer social contextual disadvantage on lifecourse obesity, finding varying effects based on intersecting race, gender, and socioeconomic identities. Black men from lower-income households show a strong negative relationship between peer economic disadvantage and adult obesity, while Black women across different income levels exhibit a positive relationship that strengthens over time. Non-Black women show a modest positive relationship, while no relationship is found among non-Black men. These findings suggest that the pathways through which peer economic disadvantage influences health differ based on intersecting identities, offering new insights for understanding social determinants of adult health.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gerontology
Patricia M. Morton
Summary: This study examines the association between childhood disadvantage and later-life functional status and identifies mediating factors. The results show that childhood disadvantage, including low socioeconomic status, chronic diseases, impairments, and risky adolescent behaviors, is associated with an increased risk of functional disability in adulthood. Adult health behaviors and socioeconomic status partially mediate these effects.
JOURNAL OF AGING AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoning Zhang, Xue Jiang, Mengqi Sha, Qiong Zhou, Wen Li, Yuqing Guo, Zhengyan Ou, Junli Cao
Summary: This study revealed direct and indirect pathways from disadvantaged childhood SES to an increased risk of T2D in mid-late Chinese adulthood. Adulthood SES and physical activity were identified as key mediators in this relationship.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Grace A. Noppert, Rebecca C. Stebbins, Jennifer B. Dowd, Robert A. Hummer, Allison E. Aiello
Summary: This study investigated the association between life course socioeconomic disadvantage and immune response to cytomegalovirus (CMV) among older adults. Findings showed a significant association between educational attainment and parental education with CMV IgG response. This suggests that both early-life and adult SES may contribute to disparities in immunological aging.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
Sarah Mustillo, Li Miao, Kenneth F. Ferraro
Summary: This study introduces an alternative approach within the structural equation modeling framework to examine the impact of childhood misfortune on adult health outcomes. Results suggest that the traditional method may underestimate the effects of childhood misfortune on adult health. This approach also allows for testing the mediating effects of variables and the moderating effects of protective factors on childhood misfortune.
SOCIOLOGICAL METHODS & RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jacob Antonsen, Susanne Hansen, Camilla S. Morgen, Tine Jess, Lars N. Jorgensen, Kristine H. Allin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between antibiotic use in a pediatric population and the risk of appendicitis. Results showed that children who received at least one course of antibiotics had an increased risk of developing appendicitis, especially if they were exposed to antibiotics within the first six months of life or exposed to broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, after adjusting for the number of antibiotic courses, the association between early age of antibiotic exposure and risk of appendicitis, as well as the association between exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics and the risk of appendicitis, disappeared.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lei Yang, Yaoyue Hu, Karri Silventoinen, Pekka Martikainen
Summary: The study using data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study found that parental physical abuse is associated with an increased number of chronic diseases in later life, while adequacy of food supply is linked to a lower number of chronic diseases and slower development of multimorbidity. Therefore, prevention of childhood maltreatment may help delay or even prevent the emergence of multimorbidity in older age.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Agnes Szabo, Andy Towers, David Newcombe, Janie Sheridan
Summary: The study found that early life experiences have a significant impact on alcohol use trajectories and health risks in older adults, particularly in relation to parental alcohol behaviors, childhood socioeconomic status, and age of drinking onset. Life course trajectories of hazardous alcohol use may lead to a higher prevalence of alcohol-related conditions.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ariel L. Beccia, S. Bryn Austin, Jonggyu Baek, Madina Agenor, Sarah Forrester, Eric Y. Ding, William M. Jesdale, Kate L. Lapane
Summary: This study examines whether cumulative exposure to high structural sexism at the state level exacerbates differences in disordered eating risk between cisgender females and males. Findings suggest that females who have lived in high structural sexism states for a long time have a higher risk of disordered eating compared to males. Future research should explore transgender and gender diverse populations, as well as underlying mechanisms to inform interventions.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Meredith O'Connor, Sarah J. Arnup, Fiona Mensah, Craig Olsson, Sharon Goldfeld, Russell M. Viner, Steven Hope
Summary: This study found that mental health competence (MHC) in children and adolescents generally increases over time, but some children have different trajectories of MHC development. Boys and children from disadvantaged backgrounds tend to have lower levels of MHC.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Stephanie Schrempft, Olga Trofimova, Morgane Kuenzi, Bogdan Draganski, Matthias Kliegel, Silvia Stringhini
Summary: This study examined the associations between life-course socioeconomic conditions and cognitive performance in older adults. The findings suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage predicts lower cognitive performance across different domains, and individuals who experienced socioeconomic disadvantage performed worse than those who experienced upward social mobility. However, the associations between socioeconomic disadvantage and cognitive decline were less consistent.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anne H. Petersen, Merete Osler, Claus T. Ekstrom
Summary: Life-course epidemiology traditionally relies on confirmatory statistical methods, limiting causal inquiries to established hypotheses. The authors propose an exploratory method called temporal PC, which infers life-course models directly from data to uncover new causal hypotheses and guide research in expanding models.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hao Chen, Qiuyan Fan, Stephen Nicholas, Elizabeth Maitland
Summary: This study found a significant impact of adverse childhood experiences on depression in middle aged and older aged adults in China, with health risks and personal factors playing a mediating role.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)