Article
Virology
Priyanka Gadam Rao, Gregory S. Lambert, Chitra Upadhyay
Summary: This study aimed to identify exposed/occluded Env epitopes on HIV-1 particles and investigate the mechanisms contributing to their masking. The researchers found that only select epitopes are accessible on virus particles, while others are masked. These masked epitopes can become accessible through pre-binding of specific antibodies or lectin-glycan interactions.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Nandagopal Paneerselvam, Amber Khan, Brian R. Lawson
Summary: Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against HIV offer a new approach for treating the virus, but their therapeutic potential is hindered by antibody decay, latent reservoirs, and resistance. This review discusses recent advancements and proposes strategies to enhance the effectiveness of bNAbs.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Simone I. I. Richardson, Frances Ayres, Nelia P. P. Manamela, Brent Oosthuysen, Zanele Makhado, Bronwen E. E. Lambson, Lynn Morris, Penny L. L. Moore
Summary: The study revealed that IgG3 bNAbs demonstrate stronger protective ability and phagocytosis against HIV infection, especially against certain specific HIV strains, indicating that altering the constant region of antibodies may enhance their neutralizing and Fc effector activity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Dmitriy Mazurov, Alon Herschhorn
Summary: An ultrasensitive HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission assay has been developed, which allows accurate quantification of cell-to-cell transmission efficiency. It is of great significance for understanding the mechanisms of HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission, evaluating drug resistance, and studying other retroviruses.
Article
Virology
Joshua J. Tu, Amit Kumar, Elena E. Giorgi, Joshua Eudailey, Celia C. LaBranche, David R. Martinez, Genevieve G. Fouda, Yvetane Moreau, Allison Thomas, David Montefiori, Feng Gao, Manish Sagar, Sallie R. Permar
Summary: Mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV is a major factor in the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the development of bnAb-based vaccines is crucial for HIV prevention. This study compares the bnAb specificity of maternal plasma between transmitting and nontransmitting women, finding that transmitting women with bnAb activity have a higher plasma bnAb specificity compared to nontransmitting women. These findings suggest that nontransmitting women may have multispecific bnAb responses or bnAb responses that target uncommon epitopes, which may contribute to protection against vertical HIV transmission in the setting of maternal bnAb responses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Yvonne J. Rosenberg, Xiaoming Jiang, Tracy Cheever, Felicity J. Coulter, Shilpi Pandey, Markus Sack, Lingjun Mao, Lori Urban, Jonathan Lees, Miranda Fischer, Jeremy Smedley, Heather Sidener, Jeffrey Stanton, Nancy L. Haigwood
Summary: Plant-produced antibodies showed promising results as passive immunoprophylaxis in a breastfeeding model in newborns. The use of human neutralizing antibodies effectively prevented infection in newborn monkeys and offered advantages in cost of production and safety. The findings suggest that anti-Env antibodies may play a role in controlling viral replication in this newborn model.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Seemal F. Awan, Myra Happe, Amelia R. Hofstetter, Lucio Gama
Summary: This article reviews the use of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) for the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection. Multiple bNAbs have shown promising results in clinical trials. The article also discusses the current landscape of HIV-1 bNAbs in clinical development and the strategies employed to improve their breadth, potency, serum half-life, effector function, and administration.
CURRENT OPINION IN HIV AND AIDS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Siriruk Changrob, Peter J. Halfmann, Hejun Liu, Jonathan L. Torres, Joshua J. C. McGrath, Gabriel Ozorowski, Lei Li, G. Dewey Wilbanks, Makoto Kuroda, Tadashi Maemura, Min Huang, Nai-Ying Zheng, Hannah L. Turner, Steven A. Erickson, Yanbin Fu, Atsuhiro Yasuhara, Gagandeep Singh, Brian Monahan, Jacob Mauldin, Komal Srivastava, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer, D. Noah Sather, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Patrick C. Wilson
Summary: In this study, a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) called S728-1157 was identified, which can neutralize various SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron. The antibody showed therapeutic potential in animal models and may be useful for vaccine design against future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Conti, Kevin J. Kaczorowski, Ge Song, Katelyn Porter, Raiees Andrabi, Dennis R. Burton, Arup K. Chakraborty, Martin Karplus
Summary: Developing a vaccine that can generate broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV is crucial in combating the HIV epidemic, but it requires at least three stages. The challenge lies in designing an optimal panel of antigens that can elicit such antibodies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Conti, Kevin J. Kaczorowski, Ge Song, Katelyn Porter, Raiees Andrabi, Dennis R. Burton, Arup K. Chakraborty, Martin Karplus
Summary: Research has shown that a vaccine capable of eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV has potential to protect against the virus, involving at least three separate stages. This vaccine may require immunization with a mixture of Envs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Jack M. Edwards, Behnaz Heydarchi, Georges Khoury, Natalia A. Salazar-Quiroz, Christopher A. Gonelli, Bruce Wines, P. Mark Hogarth, Anne B. Kristensen, Matthew S. Parsons, Damian F. J. Purcell
Summary: The study successfully enhanced the Fc-mediated effector functions of the bovine-human chimeric bNAb NC-Cow1 with an ultralong CDRH3, improving neutralization activity and cell potency against HIV-1 while maintaining envelope binding. This research is significant for the development of multifunctional anti-HIV antibodies and enhancing prevention of HIV-1 transmission.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sharana Mahomed, Nigel Garrett, Cheryl Baxter, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Salim S. Abdool Karim
Summary: Passive immunization with bnAbs shows potential in reducing global HIV infections, with newly developed highly potent bnAbs showing promise for HIV prevention. Published data indicate these antibodies are safe and effective, and if proven to be successful, could have a positive impact on HIV vaccine development.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Francisco Martin, Jose Maria Marcelino, Claudia Palladino, Ines Bartolo, Susana Tracana, Ines Moranguinho, Paloma Goncalves, Rita Mateus, Rita Calado, Pedro Borrego, Thomas Leitner, Sofia Clemente, Nuno Taveira
Summary: The study found that 56% of HIV-1-infected patients in Angola developed cross-neutralizing, broadly neutralizing, or elite neutralizing responses. These responses were associated with longer infection time, subtype C, lower CD4+ T cell counts, higher age, and higher titer of specific antibodies. Most patients' neutralizing antibodies targeted the V3-glycan supersite.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Silvere Pagant, Rachel A. Liberatore
Summary: Since 1986, therapeutic antibodies have become a dominant class of drugs in oncology and immunology, and are now considered tools for combating infectious diseases. Passive immunization provides immediate protection, suitable for containing outbreaks of emerging viral diseases, but high costs and the requirement for cold chain storage and transport limit global deployment.
Article
Virology
Daniel J. Sheward, Tandile Hermanus, Ben Murrell, Nigel Garrett, Salim S. Abdool Karim, Lynn Morris, Penny L. Moore, Carolyn Williamson
Summary: The development of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) to HIV and other diverse pathogens may require the use of multiple immunogens. This study characterizes the antibody responses in individuals coinfected with multiple HIV variants, revealing interference and the potential role of conserved neutralizing epitopes in guiding broad antibody responses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lisa H. Tostanoski, Abishek Chandrashekar, Shivani Patel, Jingyou Yu, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Aiquan Chang, Olivia C. Powers, Daniel Sellers, Sarah Gardner, Julia Barrett, Owen Sanborn, Kathryn E. Stephenson, Jessica L. Ansel, Kate Jaegle, Michael S. Seaman, Maciel Porto, Megan Lok, Brittany Spence, Kathleen Cayer, Danielle Nase, Shaikim Holman, Heath Bradette, Swagata Kar, Hanne Andersen, Mark G. Lewis, Freek Cox, Jeroen T. B. M. Tolboom, Anne Marit de Groot, Dirk Heerwegh, Mathieu Le Gars, Jerald Sadoff, Frank Wegmann, Roland C. Zahn, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study directly explores the protective efficacy of human antibodies elicited by Ad26.COV2.S vaccination through adoptive transfer studies. The results suggest that purified antibodies from vaccinated individuals can provide dose-dependent protection in recipient animals, and this protection is correlated with the binding and neutralizing potency of the antibodies.
Article
Immunology
Daniel J. Stieh, Dan H. Barouch, Christy Comeaux, Michal Sarnecki, Kathryn E. Stephenson, Stephen R. Walsh, Sheetal Sawant, Jack Heptinstall, Georgia D. Tomaras, James G. Kublin, M. Juliana McElrath, Kristen W. Cohen, Stephen C. De Rosa, Galit Alter, Guido Ferrari, David Montefiori, Philipp Mann, Steven Nijs, Katleen Callewaert, Paul A. Goepfert, Srilatha Edupuganti, Etienne Karita, Michael S. Seaman, Lawrence Corey, Lindsey R. Baden, Maria G. Pau, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Frank Tomaka
Summary: This study developed a cross-clade, globally effective HIV vaccine through clinical trials on healthy individuals with low risk for HIV infection. The findings showed that adding mosaic gp140 to the vaccine regimen increased and broadened the elicited immune response without compromising safety or clade C responses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Baoshan Zhang, Jason Gorman, Young D. Kwon, Amarendra Pegu, Cara W. Chao, Tracy Liu, Mangaiarkarasi Asokan, Michael F. Bender, Tatsiana Bylund, Leland Damron, Deepika Gollapudi, Paula Lei, Yile Li, Cuiping Liu, Mark K. Louder, Krisha McKee, Adam S. Olia, Reda Rawi, Arne Schon, Shuishu Wang, Eun Sung Yang, Yongping Yang, Kevin Carlton, Nicole A. Doria-Rose, Lawrence Shapiro, Michael S. Seaman, John R. Mascola, Peter D. Kwong
Summary: Antibody CAP256-VRC26.25 targets the second hypervariable region (V2) with extraordinary neutralization potency, but limited breadth. By linking CAP256V2LS to the llama nanobody J3, the bispecific antibody exhibited improved breadth and potency through synergistic neutralization.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ai-ris Y. Collier, Jessica Miller, Nicole P. Hachmann, Katherine McMahan, Jinyan Liu, Esther A. Bondzie, Lydia Gallup, Marjorie Rowe, Eleanor Schonberg, Siline Thai, Julia Barrett, Erica N. Borducchi, Emily Bouffard, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Camille R. Mazurek, Audrey Mutoni, Olivia Powers, Michaela Sciacca, Nehalee Surve, Haley VanWyk, Cindy Wu, Dan H. Barouch
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Miller, Nicole P. Hachmann, Ai-ris Y. Collier, Ninaad Lasrado, Camille R. Mazurek, Robert C. Patio, Olivia Powers, Nehalee Surve, James Theiler, Bette Korber, Dan H. Barouch
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Cable, Barney S. Graham, Richard A. Koup, Robert A. Seder, Katalin Kariko, Norbert Pardi, Dan H. Barouch, Bhawna Sharma, Susanne Rauch, Raffael Nachbagauer, Mattias N. E. Forsell, Michael Schotsaert, Ali H. Ellebedy, Karin Lore, Darrell J. Irvine, Emily Pilkington, Siri Tahtinen, Elizabeth A. Thompson, Yanis Feraoun, Neil P. King, Kevin Saunders, Galit Alter, Syed M. Moin, Kwinten Sliepen, Gunilla B. Karlsson Hedestam, Hedda Wardemann, Bali Pulendran, Nicole A. Doria-Rose, Wan-Ting He, Jennifer A. Juno, Sila Ataca, Adam K. Wheatley, Jason S. McLellan, Laura M. Walker, Julia Lederhofer, Lisa C. Lindesmith, Holger Wille, Peter J. Hotez, Linda-Gail Bekker
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of vaccines in public health and advancements in vaccine technology are vital for preventing infectious diseases. While many diseases still lack effective vaccines, recent developments in fields like immunology and structural biology may lead to breakthroughs in vaccination and enhance preparedness for future pandemics.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ai-ris Y. Collier, Anna M. Modest, Ricardo A. Aguayo, Esther A. Bondzie, Shivani Patel, Michele R. Hacker, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in T cell phenotype and function in uterine intervillous blood (IVB) between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia, and to explore the immunologic basis of preeclampsia. The results showed that preeclampsia was associated with a greater pro-inflammatory cytokine ratio in uterine IVB T cell subsets, indicating an inflammation-related mechanism of preeclampsia. Therefore, IVB sampling is a useful tool for studying human uterine T cell biology and may provide insights for immunotherapeutic strategies for preeclampsia.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Jingyou Yu, Katherine McMahan, Victoria Giffin, Abishek Chandrashekar, Amanda J. J. Martinot, Tochi Anioke, Olivia C. C. Powers, Kevin Hall, David Hope, Jessica Miller, Nichole P. P. Hachmann, Benjamin Chung, Sarah Gardner, Daniel Sellers, Julia Barrett, Mark G. G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen, Harry Kleanthous, Ki-Woen Seo, Su Jeen Lee, Yong Wook Park, Hun Kim, Dan H. H. Barouch
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the immune response and protective efficacy of the GBP510 protein subunit vaccine adjuvanted with AS03. They found that the vaccine induced robust immune responses in rhesus macaques and provided protection against a high-dose SARS-CoV-2 Delta challenge.
Correction
Immunology
Etsuro Nanishi, Francesco Borriello, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Timothy R. O'Meara, Marisa E. McGrath, Yoshine Saito, Jing Chen, Joann Diray-Arce, Kijun Song, Andrew Z. Xu, Soumik Barman, Manisha Menon, Danica Dong, Timothy M. Caradonna, Jared Feldman, Blake M. Hauser, Aaron G. Schmidt, Lindsey R. Baden, Robert K. Ernst, Carly Dillen, Jingyou Yu, Aiquan Chang, Luuk Hilgers, Peter Paul Platenburg, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Dan H. Barouch, Al Ozonoff, Ivan Zanoni, Matthew B. Frieman, David J. Dowling, Ofer Levy
Article
Immunology
Etsuro Nanishi, Francesco Borriello, Hyuk-Soo Seo, Timothy R. O'Meara, Marisa E. McGrath, Yoshine Saito, Jing Chen, Joann Diray-Arce, Kijun Song, Andrew Z. Xu, Soumik Barman, Manisha Menon, Danica Dong, Timothy M. Caradonna, Jared Feldman, Blake M. Hauser, Aaron G. Schmidt, Lindsey R. Baden, Robert K. Ernst, Carly Dillen, Jingyou Yu, Aiquan Chang, Luuk Hilgers, Peter Paul Platenburg, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Dan H. Barouch, Al Ozonoff, Ivan Zanoni, Matthew B. Frieman, David J. Dowling, Ofer Levy
Summary: The development of vaccines that protect vulnerable populations from SARS-CoV-2 is a public health priority. This study tested different adjuvants and SARS-CoV-2 antigens to identify a combination that induces antibodies and protection in both young and aged mice. An oil-in-water emulsion containing carbohydrate fatty acid monosulphate derivative (CMS:O/W) was found to be the most effective in enhancing immune response and protection across age groups.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yannic C. Bartsch, Deniz Cizmeci, Jaewon Kang, Hailong Gao, Wei Shi, Abishek Chandrashekar, Ai-ris Y. Collier, Bing Chen, Dan H. Barouch, Galit Alter
Summary: The omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.1 variant has mutations that evade vaccine immunity, but severe disease is still relatively low due to T cell recognition and non-neutralizing antibodies. However, the BA.2 sublineage, which is more transmissible, may evade some vaccine-induced responses. This study found that vaccine-induced immune responses were compromised against both omicron sublineages, but non-neutralizing Fc effector functions were attenuated more in BA.2 compared to BA.1.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel J. Vidal, Daniel Sellers, Jingyou Yu, Shoko Wakabayashi, Jaimie Sixsmith, Malika Aid, Julia Barrett, Sage F. Stevens, Xiaowen Li, Wenjun Li, Courtney R. Plumlee, Kevin B. Urdahl, Amanda J. Martinot, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: This study found that the live attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine Delta LprG provided better protection compared to BCG in a low-dose murine aerosol challenge model, preventing infection establishment and dissemination and confining the infection to one lung. The protection was partially influenced by certain cytokines.
Article
Cell Biology
Jingyou Yu, Paul V. Thomas, Michaela Sciacca, Cindy Wu, Jinyan Liu, Xuan He, Jessica Miller, Nicole P. Hachmann, Nehalee Surve, Katherine McMahan, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Olivia Powers, Kevin Hall, Julia Barrett, David Hope, Camille R. Mazurek, Tetyana Murdza, William C. Chang, Emily Golub, Phyllis A. Rees, Caroline E. Peterson, Agnes Hajduczki, Wei-Hung Chen, Elizabeth J. Martinez, Elizabeth Hussin, Camille Lange, Hua Gong, Gary R. Matyas, Mangala Rao, Mehul Suthar, Mona Boursiquot, Anthony Cook, Laurent Pessaint, Mark G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen, Diane L. Bolton, Nelson L. Michael, M. Gordon Joyce, Kayvon Modjarrad, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have reduced protection against the acquisition of the BA.5 subvariant, but remain effective against severe disease. The immune correlates of protection against BA.5 are unknown. This study demonstrates that both homologous and heterologous regimens involving Ad26.COV2.S and SpFN vaccines provide robust protection against a mismatched BA.5 challenge in macaques.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Malika Aid, Alessandro Colarusso, Victoria Walker-Sperling, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: The discovery of biomarkers that predict viral rebound after discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) would significantly contribute to the HIV cure field.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Veterinary Sciences
Jeffrey Schneider, Flora Engelmann, Ann Carias, Billy Nguyen, MIchelle Ash, Dan Barouch, Ron Veazey, Thomas Hope
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)