Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Spyridon N. Karras, Erdinc Dursun, Merve Alaylioglu, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Stefan Pilz, Cedric Annweiler, Fatme Al Anouti
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphism heterogeneity in conjunction with different maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D cutoffs on neonatal anthropometric profile at birth. The findings suggest a potential role for neonatal VDBP genotypes rs2298850 and rs4588, in conjunction with specific neonatal 25(OH)D cutoffs, in affecting neonatal growth and development. However, no significant effects were observed for maternal VDBP polymorphisms or maternal 25(OH)D concentrations at birth on neonatal anthropometry.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martina Ferrillo, Mario Migliario, Andrea Roccuzzo, Pedro Molinero-Mourelle, Giovanni Falcicchio, Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Federica Pezzotti, Pier Luigi Foglio Bonda, Dario Calafiore, Alessandro de Sire
Summary: The study found a correlation between periodontal disease, low vitamin D levels, preterm birth, and low birth weight in pregnant women. Poor oral health and vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women were significantly associated with higher rates of preterm birth and low birth weight.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thorhildur Juliusdottir, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Lilja Stefansdottir, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Erna Ivarsdottir, Rosa B. Thorolfsdottir, Jon K. Sigurdsson, Vinicius Tragante, Kristjan E. Hjorleifsson, Anna Helgadottir, Michael L. Frigge, Gudmundur Thorgeirsson, Rafn Benediktsson, Emil L. Sigurdsson, David O. Arnar, Thora Steingrimsdottir, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Hilma Holm, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson
Summary: The study revealed that maternal and fetal genomes influence fetal birth weight through different mechanisms. Birth weight, as a common measure of fetal growth, is affected by both fetal and maternal genomes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malgorzata Lewandowska
Summary: The study found that maternal pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with an increased risk of low birth weight, fetal growth restriction, and macrosomia in newborns. Additionally, the risk of macrosomia was three times higher for obese mothers, while the risk of low birth weight was 17 times higher, particularly in the subgroup of normal gestational weight gain. The risk profile showed that higher BMI values were associated with a higher risk of these outcomes, with specific threshold BMI values identified.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Danielle R. Stevens, Paige A. Bommarito, Alexander P. Keil, Thomas F. McElrath, Leonardo Trasande, Emily S. Barrett, Nicole R. Bush, Ruby H. N. Nguyen, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Shanna Swan, Kelly K. Ferguson
Summary: This study examined the association between prenatal phthalate metabolite mixtures and fetal growth, and found that the association was modified by fetal sex and omega-3 intake during pregnancy.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonio Gazquez, Maria Sanchez-Campillo, Alejandro Barranco, Ricardo Rueda, Jia P. Chan, Matthew J. Kuchan, Elvira Larque
Summary: Oral 25-OH-D3 provides better vitamin D availability for both mother and fetus during pregnancy compared to vitamin D3. No adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes were observed. The effects of 25-OH-D3 on the expression of VDR and GAD67 in fetal brain require further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Spyridon N. Karras, Erdinc Dursun, Merve Alaylioglu, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Cedric Annweiler, Dimitrios Skoutas, Dimosthenis Evangelidis, Dimitrios Kiortsis
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of VDR gene polymorphisms and 25(OH)D levels on neonatal birth anthropometry, finding that maternal TAQI VDR gene polymorphism significantly affected birth outcomes when maternal 25(OH) concentrations were <50 nmol/L. Additionally, the study revealed that neonatal TAQI polymorphism had an effect when neonatal 25(OH)D levels were <25 nmol/L.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer Ish, David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras, Elaine Symanski, Ferran Ballester, Maribel Casas, George L. Delclos, Monica Guxens, Jesus Ibarluzea, Carmen Iniguez, Loreto Santa-Marina, Michael D. Swartz, Kristina W. Whitworth
Summary: This study examines the associations between maternal occupational exposures and ultrasound-measured fetal growth. The results suggest limited evidence that occupational exposures may impact fetal growth, especially those related to endocrine disrupting chemicals.
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
David M. Evans, Rachel M. Freathy
Summary: This study utilized extensive pedigree data from the Icelandic population to identify genetic effects on birth weight that differ according to parental origin, and to distinguish the contributions from the maternal intrauterine environment and offspring genetics on fetal growth.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Veronika Guenther, Ibrahim Alkatout, Christoph Vollmer, Nicolai Maass, Alexander Strauss, Manfred Voigt
Summary: The study analyzed 110,047 singleton pregnancies to investigate the interaction of maternal BMI and smoking on perinatal outcomes and birth weight. Smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with low birth weight, highlighting the importance of advising pregnant women to quit smoking to improve newborn birth weight and reduce morbidity.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer Woo, Thomas Guffey, Rhonda Dailey, Dawn Misra, Carmen Giurgescu
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, and this risk is higher in black women due to higher melanin levels. Assessing and supplementing with vitamin D during pregnancy may be important for preventing preterm birth in black women.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Somia K. Abdelrahiem, Manal E. Sharif, Nadiah ALhabardi, Osama Al-Wutayd, Ishag Adam
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between vitamin D concentrations and preterm birth (PB) in sub-Saharan Africa. The results showed that lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with PB, and pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency were at a higher risk of PB.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Aparna Sampathkumar, Karen M. Tan, Li Chen, Mary F. F. Chong, Fabian Yap, Keith M. Godfrey, Yap Seng Chong, Peter D. Gluckman, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Neerja Karnani
Summary: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with pregnancy complications and adverse infant outcomes. Early predictive markers of vitamin D inadequacy are important for both mother and offspring health. Genetic risk variants identified in this study allow risk assessment and precision in early intervention of vitamin D deficiency.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Rizwan Arshad, Aysha Sameen, Mian Anjum Murtaza, Hafiz Rizwan Sharif, Iahtisham-Ul-Haq, Sahifa Dawood, Zahoor Ahmed, Arash Nemat, Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
Summary: The role of vitamin D in improving maternal health and reducing the risk of developmental disorders in fetus has been extensively studied in recent years, with observational studies and clinical trials providing evidence for its impact on various aspects of pregnancy and fetal development.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
B. A. Ryan, C. S. Kovacs
Summary: During pregnancy, both maternal and fetal mineral needs are met independently of vitamin D, with maternal mineral and bone metabolism adapting without relying on vitamin D, while fetal mineral metabolism and skeletal development are protected from vitamin D deficiency and genetic disorders. These observations are based on key data from animal models and human studies regarding the role of vitamin D and calcitriol during pregnancy and fetal development.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Alan E. Kazdin, Chi-Shin Wu, Irving Hwang, Victor Puac-Polanco, Nancy A. Sampson, Ali Al-Hamzawi, Jordi Alonso, Laura Helena Andrade, Corina Benjet, Jose-Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida, Giovanni de Girolamo, Peter de Jonge, Silvia Florescu, Oye Gureje, Josep M. Haro, Meredith G. Harris, Elie G. Karam, Georges Karam, Viviane Kovess-Masfety, Sing Lee, John J. McGrath, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Daisuke Nishi, Bibilola D. Oladeji, Jose Posada-Villa, Dan J. Stein, T. Bedirhan Ustun, Daniel V. Vigo, Zahari Zarkov, Alan M. Zaslavsky, Ronald C. Kessler
Summary: Antidepressant medications (ADMs) are widely used for a variety of conditions, not only depression and anxiety. The usage rate of ADMs is higher in high-income countries compared to low- and middle-income countries, and newer ADMs are more frequently used in high-income countries. Among users, 58.8% perceive ADMs to be very effective and 28.3% perceive them to be somewhat effective, with these proportions being higher in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Maria K. Christensen, John J. McGrath, Natalie Momen, Nanna Weye, Esben Agerbo, Carsten Bocker Pedersen, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Kim M. Iburg
Summary: The aim of this study was to estimate the annual healthcare cost for individuals with a mental disorder who also have comorbid mental and somatic disorders. The study found that the annual healthcare cost per case was higher for individuals with a greater number of comorbid mental and somatic disorders, but the nationwide annual cost was lower.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sofus C. Larsen, Ruairi O'Driscoll, Graham Horgan, Marie-Louise K. Mikkelsen, Ina O. Specht, Jeanett F. Rohde, Jake Turicchi, Ines Santos, Jorge Encantado, Cristiana Duarte, Leigh C. Ward, Antonio L. Palmeira, R. James Stubbs, Berit L. Heitmann
Summary: This study explored the associations between substituting sedentary time with sleep or physical activity and weight-loss maintenance. It found that during the early stages of weight-loss maintenance, substituting sedentary behavior with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity can prevent an increase in body fat percentage. However, sedentary behavior had little or no influence on subsequent weight-loss maintenance.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Jorge Encantado, Marta M. Marques, Maria Joao Gouveia, Ines Santos, David Sanchez-Oliva, Ruairi O'Driscoll, Jake Turicchi, Sofus C. Larsen, Graham Horgan, Pedro J. Teixeira, R. James Stubbs, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Antonio L. Palmeira
Summary: This study is a secondary analysis of the weight loss maintenance NoHoW trial, exploring the impact mechanisms of digital intervention on long-term physical activity changes. The results indicate limited effects of theory-driven motivational and self-regulatory mechanisms on actual behavior change, calling for new approaches to investigate these relationships.
PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Xiaoqin Liu, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, John J. McGrath, Liselotte V. Petersen, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Natalie C. Momen
Summary: This population-based cohort study aimed to estimate the bidirectional associations between asthma and 10 broad types of mental disorders. The results showed bidirectional associations between asthma and various mental disorders, suggesting possible shared etiological factors or pathophysiologic processes.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Nanna Julie Olsen, Sofus Christian Larsen, Rasmus Koster-Rasmussen, Jeanett Friis Rohde, Jane Nautrup Ostergaard, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Ina Olmer Specht
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine if children enrolled in rural outdoor kindergartens had a lower risk of redeeming prescriptions for antibiotics compared to children enrolled in urban conventional kindergartens, and if the types of antibiotics prescribed differed based on kindergarten type. The results showed no difference in the risk of redeeming prescriptions for any type of antibiotics between children enrolled in outdoor kindergartens and those enrolled in conventional kindergartens.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christoph Saner, Alistair M. Senior, Hanyue Zhang, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Costan G. Magnussen, Matthew A. Sabin, Markus Juonala, Marco Janner, David P. Burgner, Ursula Schwab, Eero A. Haapala, Berit L. Heitmann, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Timo A. Lakka
Summary: This study tested for protein leverage and the protein leverage hypothesis in children and adolescents. The results showed that proportional energy intake of proteins was inversely associated with energy intake, and increased energy intake on diets with lower protein content was counterbalanced by increased energy expenditure and did not lead to increased adiposity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karen Christina Walker, Fanney Thorsteinsdottir, Henrik Thybo Christesen, Vibeke Elisabeth Hjortdal, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Ina Olmer Specht, Mina Nicole Handel
Summary: This study found no significant association between vitamin D supplementation or vitamin D status during pregnancy and congenital anomalies (CAs) in the offspring. However, the interpretation of the results should be cautious due to the limitations of the current studies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Raquel D. Langer, Leigh C. Ward, Sofus C. Larsen, Berit L. Heitmann
Summary: This study aimed to determine the relationship between 6-year changes in phase angle (PhA) and mortality and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The results showed that a larger decrease in PhA was associated with higher risk of early mortality and incidence of CVD over an 18-year period. Measuring PhA changes may help identify apparently healthy individuals who are at increased risk of future CVD or premature death.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hanyue Zhang, Alistair M. Senior, Christoph Saner, Nanna J. Olsen, Sofus C. Larsen, Stephen J. Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Berit L. Heitmann
Summary: The protein leverage hypothesis (PLH) was confirmed in preschool children, with protein intake being the most tightly regulated macronutrient and energy intake inversely related to dietary protein concentration. High dietary protein intake was associated with decreased waist- and hip-height ratio over time, suggesting an impact on obesity risk in children.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clara Albinana, Zhihong Zhu, Andrew J. Schork, Andres Ingason, Hugues Aschard, Isabell Brikell, Cynthia M. Bulik, Liselotte V. Petersen, Esben Agerbo, Jakob Grove, Merete Nordentoft, David M. Hougaard, Thomas Werge, Anders D. Borglum, Preben Bo Mortensen, John J. McGrath, Benjamin M. Neale, Florian Prive, Bjarni J. Vilhjalmsson
Summary: The authors have developed a multi-polygenic score framework that increases prediction accuracy for complex diseases and traits. This framework leverages a large library of polygenic scores and is well-suited for emerging biobank data. By utilizing genetically correlated phenotypes, the sample size can be effectively increased without the need for costly and time-consuming collection of additional samples.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emil M. Pedersen, Esben Agerbo, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Jette Steinbach, Morten D. Krebs, David M. Hougaard, Thomas Werge, Merete Nordentoft, Anders D. Borglum, Katherine L. Musliner, Andrea Ganna, Andrew J. Schork, Preben B. Mortensen, John J. Mcgrath, Florian Prive, Bjarni J. Vilhjalmsson
Summary: The authors propose a computationally efficient time-to-event model, called ADuLT, for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to analyze genetic associations. Simulation results demonstrate that the ADuLT model outperforms Cox regression GWAS and standard case-control GWAS in the presence of ascertainment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Nanna Weye, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Christian Hakulinen, Kathrine Bang Madsen, Maria Klitgaard Christensen, Esben Agerbo, Thomas Munk Laursen, Merete Nordentoft, Allan Timmermann, Harvey Whiteford, Simon overland, Kim Moesgaard, John McGrath
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the association between different types of mental disorders and working years lost. The findings highlight the substantial impact of mental disorders on workforce participation, emphasizing the need to invest in programs that reduce the burden of lost working years and assist individuals with mental disorders in returning to the workforce.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiaotong Wang, Valentin Hivert, Shiane Groot, Ying Wang, Loic Yengo, John J. McGrath, Kathryn E. Kemper, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Joana A. Revez
Summary: The study investigates the complex relationship between vitamin D levels, skin colour, and ancestral background, and identifies new genetic determinants of vitamin D levels. The findings suggest shared genetic mechanisms underlying the synthesis and metabolism of vitamin D across diverse ancestry groups. Additionally, the study reveals genetic variants that influence both skin colour and vitamin D levels, with variants showing different effects in individuals with different complexions.
Review
Psychiatry
John J. Mcgrath, Carmen C. W. Lim, Sukanta Saha
Summary: The study found an association between broadly defined cat ownership and an increased risk of schizophrenia-related disorders. The unadjusted analysis showed an odds ratio of 2.35 (95% CI: 1.38-4.01), while the adjusted analysis showed an odds ratio of 2.24 (95% CI: 1.61-3.12). The estimates for PLE outcomes could not be aggregated due to the wide range of measures.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2023)
