Article
Virology
Swan Tan, Muhammad Farhan Sjaugi, Siew Chinn Fong, Li Chuin Chong, Hadia Syahirah Abd Raman, Nik Elena Nik Mohamed, Joseph Thomas August, Asif M. Khan
Summary: Avian influenza virus H7N9, which has been circulating in avian hosts for decades, was identified as a human pathogen in 2013. Through comparing sequences from avian and human H7N9 datasets, it was found that the virus has undergone significant amino acid substitutions possibly essential for human adaptation. The rapid evolution of the avian H7N9 virus has resulted in almost identical protein sequences in avian and human viruses, leading to increased risk of human infection and potential human-to-human transmission.
Article
Microbiology
Jun Li, Rumeng Li, Qi Zhang, Peipei Peng, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Jiao Hu, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the H7N9 VLP vaccine provides complete clinical protection against HP H7N9 virus, significantly inhibits virus shedding, and abolishes viral replication in chickens. The VLP vaccine represents a promising alternative strategy for the development of novel H7N9 avian influenza vaccines for chickens.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Baodi Li, Guofeng Xiang, Jun He, Hongyu Li, Congshan Xu, Aihong Yu, Zhe Zhao, Xueying Wang, Lihua Zhang, Hui Zhang, Huimin Zhang, Mingjun Xie, Peng Wang, Deshan Yu
Summary: The fifth wave of Avian H7N9 influenza virus outbreak was reported in Gansu Province, China during 2016-2017, with 5 human cases detected. Environmental samples tested positive for H7N9, indicating potential threat to human health. Phylogenetic analysis suggested two distinct trade routes as potential sources of the virus introduction into Gansu.
Article
Virology
Dongchang He, Min Gu, Xiyue Wang, Xiaoquan Wang, Gairu Li, Yayao Yan, Jinyuan Gu, Tiansong Zhan, Huiguang Wu, Xiaoli Hao, Guoqing Wang, Jiao Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Shuo Su, Chan Ding, Xiufan Liu
Summary: Since the emergence of highly pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza virus in China in 2016, with at least 33 human infections, it has been primarily circulating in Northern China in recent years, with signs of parallel evolution and positive selection in the hemagglutinin gene.
Article
Virology
Jun He, Sai Hou, Chenglong Xiong, Linjie Hu, Lei Gong, Junling Yu, Xiaoyu Zhou, Qingqing Chen, Yuan Yuan, Lan He, Meng Zhu, Weiwei Li, Yonglin Shi, Yong Sun, Haifeng Pan, Bin Su, Yihan Lu, Jiabing Wu
Summary: This study discusses the possible impact of H7N9 influenza A viruses (IAVs) on future influenza epidemics through gene reassortment events. A total of 61 human H7N9 isolates were obtained from Anhui province in China from 2013 to 2019, and bioinformatics analyses revealed the introduction of novel avian influenza A virus (AIV) subtypes through gene reassortment. The study also showed that H7N9, H9N2, and H5N1 can serve as persistent gene pools for AIVs in specific regions of China.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mohsen Bashashati, David H. Chung, Mohammad Hossein Fallah Mehrabadi, Dong-Hun Lee
Summary: The evolutionary history of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Iran shows that only the Iran 4 subgroup has survived and currently circulates in the country; the viruses possess molecular markers associated with mammalian adaption; continued surveillance of H9N2 viruses is needed to monitor their evolution and potential threat to public health.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Wenjun Song, Xiaofeng Huang, Wenda Guan, Pin Chen, Pui Wang, Min Zheng, Zhengtu Li, Yutao Wang, Zifeng Yang, Honglin Chen, Xinhua Wang
Summary: Since 2013, the H7N9 avian influenza virus has caused over 1,500 cases of human infection, with a rising risk of transmission. Continuous surveillance of viral mutations is crucial for pandemic preparedness.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jiao Hu, Peipei Peng, Jun Li, Qi Zhang, Rumeng Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: The bivalent H5+H7 VLP vaccine candidate shows promising results in protecting poultry against highly pathogenic H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses, and may serve as a critical alternative to traditional egg-based inactivated vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Bingbing Zhao, Wenqing Wang, Yating Song, Xiangyang Wen, Siyu Feng, Weiqiang Li, Yangbao Ding, Zuxian Chen, Zhuoliang He, Shao Wang, Peirong Jiao
Summary: Since 2017, the new highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) H7N9 have caused significant infection and death in chickens in China. A study analyzed the genetic characteristics of H7N9 avian influenza viruses isolated in Guangdong, China in 2017, and found highly pathogenic strains belonging to two different genotypes. The study also demonstrated that these viruses can replicate, transmit effectively, and induce strong immune responses in chickens.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Eun-Jee Na, Young-Sik Kim, Yoon-Ji Kim, Jun-Soo Park, Jae-Ku Oem
Summary: The study identified two low pathogenic H7 avian influenza viruses isolated from wild birds in South Korea in 2021. These two Korean viruses belong to the LPAIVs and exhibit no amino acid substitutions at the receptor-binding site of the HA gene compared to the H7N9 virus, which has a preference for human receptors.
Article
Immunology
Joe James, Stephanie M. Meyer, Huynh A. Hong, Chau Dang, Ho T. Y. Linh, William Ferreira, Paidamoyo M. Katsande, Linh Vo, Daniel Hynes, William Love, Ashley C. Banyard, Simon M. Cutting
Summary: This study found that nasal dosing using heat-stable spores can reduce clinical symptoms of influenza infection and decrease viral shedding in animals. This approach may have important implications for influenza prophylaxis in both humans and animals.
Article
Immunology
Pengxiang Chang, Jean-Remy Sadeyen, Sushant Bhat, Rebecca Daines, Altaf Hussain, Huseyin Yilmaz, Munir Iqbal
Summary: Since 2013, the H7N9 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have caused over 1500 human infections and a mortality rate of approximately 40%. Despite vaccination efforts, the viruses continue to evolve rapidly in poultry and some strains have the ability to escape vaccine-induced immunity. Recent analysis showed that the H7N9 AIVs from the early epidemic waves had dual receptor binding characteristics, but more recent strains lost or retained weak human receptor binding. The viruses also demonstrated increased acid stability but reduced thermal stability compared to earlier strains, and showed poor cross-reactivity with human monoclonal antibodies and ferret antisera.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tian Bai, Yongkun Chen, Sebastian Beck, Stephanie Stanelle-Bertram, Nancy Kouassi Mounogou, Tao Chen, Jie Dong, Bettina Schneider, Tingting Jia, Jing Yang, Lijie Wang, Andreas Meinhardt, Antonia Zapf, Lothar Kreienbrock, Dayan Wang, Yuelong Shu, Gulsah Gabriel
Summary: This study systematically analyzed sex hormone and cytokine levels in male and female H7N9 influenza patients, and found that H7N9-infected men had significantly reduced testosterone levels associated with poor outcomes. A mouse model confirmed the causal link between viral infection and testosterone depletion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yi-qun Chen, Guan-ming Su, Jia-hao Zhang, Bo Li, Kai-xiong Ma, Xu Zhang, Li-hong Huang, Ming Liao, Wen-bao Qi
Summary: Since mid-2016, the highly pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza virus has posed a threat to public health and the poultry industry. Researchers have developed a recombinant vaccine using the herpesvirus of turkeys as a vector, which has shown promising protective effects against H7N9 in chickens. This vaccine has significant implications for the prevention and control of avian influenza.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jiao Hu, Qi Zhang, Peipei Peng, Rumeng Li, Jun Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Mei Mei, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: This study generated a H7N9 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine and evaluated its efficacy in chickens and mice. The H7N9 VLP induced robust antibody immune responses and provided complete clinical protection against H7N9 virus challenge in both animal models. Additionally, the vaccine significantly reduced virus shedding and alleviated pulmonary lesions. Moreover, the H7N9 VLP also induced high T cell immunity and decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines in mouse lungs. These findings highlight the potential of VLP-based vaccines as an alternative to traditional egg-based vaccines for controlling H7N9 influenza virus in both humans and poultry.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
