Journal
AIDS
Volume 29, Issue 12, Pages 1549-1556Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000731
Keywords
evolutionary rate; genetic diversity; HIV; risk group; transmission bottleneck
Categories
Funding
- Onderzoeksfonds KU Leuven Research Fund KU Leuven
- European Union [278433]
- ERC [260864]
- Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen [FWO G.0692.14]
- Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme, Belgian State, Belgian Science Policy [IUAP-VI P6/41]
- European Community [223131]
- KU Leuven [PF/10/018]
- Institute for the Promotion of Innovation through Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT Vlaanderen)
- National Science Foundation [DMS-1264153]
- Division Of Mathematical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1264153] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Objective: To determine how HIV-1 risk groups impact transmitted diversity and the tempo of viral evolution at a population scale. Methods: We investigated a set of previously described transmission chains (n=70) using a population genetic approach, and tested whether the expected differences in proportions of multivariant transmissions are reflected by varying proportions of transmitted diversity between men having sex with men (MSM) and heterosexual (HET) subpopulations - the largest contributors to HIV spread. To assess evolutionary rate differences among the different risk groups, we compiled risk group datasets for subtypes A1, B and CRF01_AE, and directly compared the absolute substitution rate and its synonymous and non-synonymous components. Results: There was sufficient demographic signal to inform the transmission model in Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees using env data to compare the transmission bottleneck size between the MSM and HET risk groups. We found no indications for a different proportion of transmitted genetic diversity at the population level between these groups. In the direct rate comparisons between the risk groups, however, we consistently recovered a higher evolutionary rate in the male-dominated risk group compared to the HET datasets. Conclusion: We find that the risk group composition affects the viral evolutionary rate and therefore potentially also the adaptation rate. In particular, risk group-specific sex ratios, and the variation in within-host evolutionary rates between men and women, impose evolutionary rate differences at the epidemic level, but we cannot exclude a role of varying transmission rates. Copyright (C) 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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