Article
Chemistry, Physical
Papasanee Muanruksa, Phavit Wongsirichot, James Winterburn, Pakawadee Kaewkannetra
Summary: The integrated cleaner biocatalyst process showed high efficiency in biodiesel production, with high yields achieved and the biocatalyst being reusable for more than 16-17 cycles.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nova Rachmadona, Yusuke Harada, Jerome Amoah, Emmanuel Quayson, Martha Aznury, Shinji Hama, Akihiko Kondo, Chiaki Ogino
Summary: This study focused on utilizing waste from the palm oil industry to produce biodiesel. By using palm acid oil and bioethanol obtained from the distillation of artificial palm sap as feedstock, the researchers were able to achieve efficient synthesis of fatty acid ethyl ester using immobilized TLL on coconut shell charcoal as the biocatalyst. The findings demonstrate the potential of an integrated approach to biorefinery operations, which can contribute to sustainable utilization of palm oil waste and cost reduction in the process.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Prihardi Kahar, Nova Rachmadona, Radityo Pangestu, Rendi Palar, Deddy Triyono Nugroho Adi, Ario Betha Juanssilfero, Yopi, Immanuel Manurung, Shinji Hama, Chiaki Ogino
Summary: The palm oil industry generates significant biomass residue and effluent waste, both contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. To address this environmental challenge and enhance sustainability, significant investment in technology is required for converting these wastes into valuable products.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bassem Jamoussi, Cherif Jablaoui, Amira K. Hajri, Radhouane Chakroun, Bandar Al-Mur, Karim Allaf
Summary: The vegetable oil industry focuses on removing volatile molecules that affect the aroma and taste of the crude oil. Traditional deodorization process requires high temperature and time, while new methods can achieve the same result at lower levels.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Kuan Yeow Show, Eric Kian Vui Lo, Wee Shen Wong, Ji Yuan Lee, Yuegen Yan, Duu Jong Lee
Summary: This study explores an integrated scheme for treating high strength palm oil mill effluent, using anaerobic and aerobic reactors to achieve a remarkable COD removal rate of 99.7%. Evaluation shows that this scheme can not only reduce emissions and generate energy effectively, but also create significant revenue.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Asyraf Mohd Amnan, Wee Fei Aaron Teo, Wan Mohd Aizat, Fiqri Dizar Khaidizar, Boon Chin Tan
Summary: Wood vinegar, a sustainable alternative, has been shown to promote plant growth and enhance stress tolerance. This study evaluated the efficacy of oil palm wood vinegar (OPWV) in mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress on Pandanus amaryllifolius. The results demonstrated that applying OPWV at a specific concentration and frequency increased the plant's tolerance to drought stress.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. O. M. Mashri, Megat Azmi Megat Johari, Zainal Arifin Ahmad, M. J. A. Mijarsh
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of milling process on POFA particle size reduction and reactivity improvement for alkali activated products. It found that the specific surface area of POFA increased significantly with optimal milling quantity and period. The alkali activated mortar based on ultrafine GPOFA particles exhibited superior mechanical and physical properties compared to traditional materials.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ghochapon Mongkhonsiri, Nuttha Thongchul, Amornchai Arpornwichanop, Jay H. Lee, Rafiqul Gani, Suttichai Assabumrungrat
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis of synthesis and design of sustainable palm oil integrated biorefinery networks, highlighting the importance of material, energy, and facility integration to achieve a more sustainable solution. The analysis results show that the integrated biorefinery network alternatives can provide high economic potential and less environmental impacts compared to without any integration.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Azmirul Ashaari, Tahir Ahmad, Siti Rahmah Awang, Noorsufia Abd Shukor
Summary: Graph theory is used in the palm oil refining process by identifying system parameters and modeling them as vertices and edges of a graph. Dynamic modeling is simulated and analyzed using MATLAB, with the final products matching results from other methods, establishing the effectiveness and simplicity of the model.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Syaamil Saad, Mohd Dzul Hakim Wirzal, Zulfan Adi Putra
Summary: As the number of palm oil mills in Malaysia continues to rise, conventional methods of treating palm oil mill effluent are becoming outdated and less cost-effective. Integrated systems combining multiple treatments are being introduced as a more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Y. Aiman, S. Syahrullai, M. K. A. Hamid
Summary: This article explores the utilization of palm oil derivatives as bio-lubricants in closed forging tests, demonstrating their importance in materials and engineering studies.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yasmi Louhasakul, Laura Treu, Panagiotis G. Kougias, Stefano Campanaro, Benjamas Cheirsilp, Irini Angelidaki
Summary: This study presents an integrated biorefinery concept combining aerobic fermentation of palm oil mill effluents for lipid production and anaerobic digestion for biogas production. Pasteurization of the wastewater before fermentation is essential for efficient lipid production. The study also found dominant bacteria and archaea responsible for acetate, butyrate, hydrogen, and biomethane production in the biogas reactor.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Yuvarani Naidu, Yasmeen Siddiqui, Shamala Sundram, Mohd Hefni Rusli, Abu Seman Idris
Summary: Biological pretreatment has gained attention as a cleaner and greener approach to waste management. This study examined the chemical changes in oil palm lignocellulosic materials pretreated with three wood degraders and identified potential candidates for enzyme secretion. The findings provide a new overview of chemical changes during biological pretreatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mohammad Saiful Nidzam, Md. Sohrab Hossain, Norli Ismail, Razam Abdul Latip, Muhammad Khalish Mohammad Ilias, Md. Bazlul Mobin Siddique, Muzafar Zulkifli
Summary: This study investigated the formation of glyceryl esters and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters in palm oil, and determined the optimal degumming process conditions using central composite design experiments and Response Surface Methodology. The results showed that the acid degumming process effectively removed phosphorus and hydroperoxide content without compromising the quality of palm oil.
Article
Forestry
Yuvarani Naidu, S. A. Shariffah-Muzaimah, R. Nur-Rashyeda, Abu Seman Idris, Shamala Sundram, A. Khairulmazmi, Yasmeen Siddiqui
Summary: The oil palm industry in Malaysia, which is crucial to the country's economy, is facing threats from basal stem rot caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense. This study investigates the biochemical and anatomical changes during the degradation of oil palm wood by white-rot hymenomycetes and explores potential candidate species for stump degradation.
WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Norwahyuni Mohd Yusof, Lee Seng Hua, Paridah Md Tahir, Redzuan Mohammad Suffian James, Syeed Saifulazry Osman Al-Edrus, Rasdianah Dahali, Adlin Sabrina Muhammad Roseley, Widya Fatriasari, Lubos Kristak, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis, Roman Reh
Summary: The study investigated the effects of boric acid treatment on the physical, mechanical, adhesion, and morphological properties of bamboo strips. It found that the treatment had varying degrees of effect on different species of bamboo, but it provided several benefits including increased wettability, dimensional stability, and mechanical strength for bamboo strips intended for lamination.
Article
Forestry
Wan Nabilah Ahamad, Sabiha Salim, Seng Hua Lee, Muhammad Aizat Abdul Ghani, Rabiatol Adawiah Mohd Ali, Paridah Md Tahir, Widya Fatriasari, Petar Antov, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
Summary: In this study, oil palm wood from the inner layer of the trunk was treated with phenolic resin and laminated with other hardwoods, resulting in improved properties. Higher resin concentration (20%) and compression ratio (30%) led to the highest weight percent gain, polymer retention, and density. The laminated compreg hybrid panels with higher resin concentrations (20%) exhibited better physical and mechanical properties.
Article
Forestry
Norwahyuni Mohd Yusof, Paridah Md Tahir, Seng Hua Lee, Mohd Khairun Anwar Uyup, Redzuan Mohammad Suffian James, Syeed Saifulazry Osman Al-Edrus, Lubos Kristak, Roman Reh, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
Summary: This study investigated the influence of species, adhesive types, and lamination configurations on the shear performance of laminated bamboo boards. It was found that PRF-bonded boards exhibited higher shear strength and bamboo failure, while PUR-bonded boards showed better bond durability with low delamination. Parallel lamination outperformed perpendicular lamination, and PRF adhesive showed consistent performance across different structural configurations.
Article
Forestry
Ahmet Can, Ismail Ozlusoylu, Petar Antov, Seng Hua Lee
Summary: Due to their adaptability and low preparation costs, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been widely used in various applications. Developing new low-cost DESs is critical for potential industrial applications. In this study, DES solutions were made by mixing oxalic acid (OA), acetic acid (AA), urea (Ur), and glycerol (GL) in various molar ratios, with choline chloride (ChCL) as the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA). The chemical structures of wood samples were significantly changed after impregnation with DES solutions, and the decay resistance and decomposition temperature of the treated wood samples were also altered.
Article
Forestry
Ahmet Can, Seng Hua Lee, Petar Antov, Muhammad Aizat Abd Ghani
Summary: This study investigated the effects of three different commercial phase change materials on Oriental spruce wood, and found that the materials demonstrated low performance in terms of storing and releasing heat. Additionally, the phase change materials were resistant to wood-destroying fungi, but further large-scale pilot studies are needed.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seng Hua Lee, Petar Antov, Lubos Kristak, Roman Reh, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Valentina Lo Giudice, Petar Antov, Daniel Koynov, Lubos Kristak, Seng Hua Lee, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis, Marisabel Mecca, Nicola Moretti, Rupali Tiwari, Luigi Todaro
Summary: The primary aim of this research was to investigate and evaluate the effects of thermo-vacuum modification on the characteristics of Siberian larch wood. The results showed that the thermal modification process led to changes in chemical compounds in the wood samples, with some extractives disappearing and new ones being detected. The thermally-modified larch wood had lower volumetric swelling and moisture absorption compared to the untreated samples. The compression strength parallel to the grain was slightly higher in the thermally-treated wood, while the modulus of elasticity was reduced.
WOOD MATERIAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Muhammad Ghozali, Samsul Bakhri, Evi Triwulandari, Witta Kartika Restu, Yenny Meliana, Agus Haryono, Melati Septiyanti, Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat, Seng Hua Lee, Widya Fatriasari, Petar Antov
Summary: This research aimed to develop an environmentally friendly alternative method for manufacturing polyurethanes without the use of isocyanate compounds by synthesizing green urethane from oleic acid. Three stages were involved in the synthesis process, and the resulting product was characterized by various analyses. The successful synthesis of green urethane was confirmed.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Polymer Science
Apri Heri Iswanto, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis, Jajang Sutiawan, Syeed Saifulazry Osman Al-Edrus, Seng Hua Lee, Petar Antov, Lubos Kristak, Roman Reh, Efri Mardawati, Adi Santoso, Sukma Surya Kusumah
Summary: The depletion of natural resources and environmental concerns have led to the development of bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resins as sustainable substitutes for harmful isocyanates in the manufacturing of polyurethanes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the progress made in utilizing lignin and tannin to produce high-performance NIPU resins for wood adhesive applications. Studies have shown that NIPUs derived from lignin and tannin exhibit enhanced mechanical properties, decreased curing temperatures, and are devoid of isocyanates, making them promising alternatives for wood adhesives.
Article
Polymer Science
Amena Andok, Seng Hua Lee, Melissa Sharmah Gilbert Jesuet, Ismawati Palle
Summary: This study presents the preparation and characterization of nitrocellulose using recycled egg carton pulp. The effects of different nitration durations and KOH concentrations on the properties of nitrocellulose were investigated. It was found that nitrocellulose with a nitration time of 50 min had the highest nitrogen content and substitution value, making it suitable as an accelerant for rice husk charcoal briquettes.
Article
Polymer Science
Awanda Wira Anggini, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis, Rita Kartika Sari, Antonios N. Papadopoulos, Petar Antov, Apri Heri Iswanto, Seng Hua Lee, Efri Mardawati, Lubos Kristak, Ika Juliana
Summary: The use of alternative raw materials in particleboard production can meet the increasing global demand for sustainable wood-based materials. This study investigates the effect of different hardeners and adhesive formulations on the cohesion and adhesion performance of areca-based particleboards. The results show that the adhesive formulation with a tannin:glyoxal ratio of 1:2 and NH4Cl hardener has the best cohesion and adhesion properties.
Review
Polymer Science
M. S. A. Rani, M. N. F. Norrrahim, V. F. Knight, N. M. Nurazzi, K. Abdan, S. H. Lee
Summary: The ever-increasing global population necessitates a secure and ample energy supply, the majority of which is derived from fossil fuels. However, due to the immense energy demand, the exponential depletion of these non-renewable energy sources is both unavoidable and inevitable in the approaching century. Therefore, exploring the use of polymer electrolytes as alternatives in proton-conducting batteries opens an intriguing research field, as demonstrated by the growing number of publications on the subject. This paper provides a detailed overview of these characterizations, as well as recent advancements in characterization methods for proton-conducting polymer electrolytes in solid-state batteries. Each characterization is evaluated based on its objectives, experimental design, a summary of significant results, and a few noteworthy case studies. Finally, we discuss future characterizations and advances.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Adik Bahanawan, Yeyen Nurhamiyah, Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat, Widya Fatriasari, Petar Antov, Seng Hua Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the properties of three main fast-growing wood species in Indonesia and found that wood properties can be predicted based on its color appearance, which is of great importance for the rapid identification and utilization of wood in industrial applications.
WOOD MATERIAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aujchariya Chotikhun, Rattikal Laosena, Jitralada Kittijaruwattana, Seng Hua Lee, Kanokorn Sae-Ueng, Charoen Nakason, Yutthapong Pianroj, Emilia-Adela Salca
Summary: This research investigates the production and properties of wood plastic pellets made from rubberwood sawdust and refuse-derived fuel. The elemental compositions and physical properties of the pellets are analyzed, showing their potential as sustainable green energy fuels. Using refuse-derived fuel also contributes to global warming mitigation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Nurul Hazwani Abd Hilmi, Valeritta Lodin, Melissa Sharmah Gilbert Jesuet, Sabiha Salim, Seng Hua Lee, Naruhito Hori, Akio Takemura, Ismawati Palle
Summary: Depending on the reaction conditions, liquefaction of woody biomass produces a variety of polyol properties. This study investigated the liquefaction of Eucalyptus pellita wood powder and optimized the conditions for maximum yield. The resulting polyol was then used to prepare polyurethane films, and the performance of the films was evaluated. The study found that using glycerol as a co-solvent improved the liquefaction process, resulting in high wood conversion. The obtained films showed improved tensile strength and maximum elongation at higher NCO/OH ratios.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
