Quantitative changes of extravillous trophoblast cells in placentas of systemic lupus erythematosus patients

In the present study, quantitative changes of extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) in the placentas of SLE patients were investigated compared to healthy controls using stereological methods. Volumetric parameters and number of EVTs per unit volume of the placenta were estimated respectively, using Cavalieri's principle and Physical Disector stereological methods. Placental volume in the SLE group was increased compared to the control group, but this increase was not statistically significant (p>.05). Placental weight in the patient group showed a significant decrease compared to controls (p<.05). Total volume of EVTs, diameter and volume of the nucleus and cytoplasm and the N/C ratio of EVTs in the SLE group showed a significant increase compared to the controls (p<.05). In SLE placentas the total number of EVTs per unit volume of the placenta was increased significantly compared to the control group (p<.05).Impact statementIn the present study, there is a new insight to placenta structure that may be useful in understanding possible mechanisms of pregnancy complications and the achievement of new therapeutic strategies. In the present study, for the first time quantitative changes of extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) in the placental bed of SLE patients were investigated compared to healthy controls using stereological methods. Results showed that volumetric parameters and number of EVTs were significantly altered in SLE placentas. These changes can be associated with disturbances in trophoblastic invasion in SLE pregnancies and may affect the development and survival of the embryo. Further investigation on the molecular biology of these cells in pregnancy complications will be needed to clarify this hypothesis.