Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olesja Rogoza, Kaspars Megnis, Marija Kudrjavceva, Aija Gerina-Berzina, Vita Rovite
Summary: Somatostatin receptors play a crucial role in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, delaying tumor progression and regulating hormone overproduction. The expression level of SSTRs has predictive value in therapeutic response and patient survival rate. Future research will focus on other epigenetic regulators affecting somatostatin signaling and combination therapy strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Valentina Ambrosini, Lucia Zanoni, Angelina Filice, Giuseppe Lamberti, Giulia Argalia, Emilia Fortunati, Davide Campana, Annibale Versari, Stefano Fanti
Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare and heterogeneous tumors that require multidisciplinary discussion for optimal care. The theranostic approach plays a crucial role in the management of NENs, but further research is needed to verify its effectiveness.
Review
Oncology
Mintallah Haider, Satya Das, Taymeyah Al-Toubah, Eleonora Pelle, Ghassan El-Haddad, Jonathan Strosberg
Summary: This review summarizes the use of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs for treating advanced NETs and emphasizes the risks and key clinical trials. Ongoing preclinical and early-phase studies are focused on the development of novel therapies for NETs.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Abdulhameed Alfagih, Abdulaziz Aljassim, Nasser Alqahtani, Michael Vickers, Rachel Goodwin, Timothy Asmis
Summary: This study retrospectively reports the 10-year experience of SB-NET management at a regional cancer center in Canada. The results show that the prevalence and incidence of SB-NETs have significantly increased over the past two decades, but the survival rates of patients have improved in the last 10 years.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rosaria M. Ruggeri, Irene Aini, Stefano Gay, Erika Maria Grossrubatscher, Camilla Mancini, Maria Grazia Tarsitano, Virginia Zamponi, Andrea M. Isidori, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano
Summary: With the increasing incidence of neuroendocrine tumors, interest in gender-driven management has grown. However, current studies have not shown substantial differences between males and females in the efficacy and toxicity of SSTR-targeted therapies.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Reut Halperin, Damien Urban, Amit Tirosh
Summary: We present a case of a 74-year-old woman with germline BRCA2 mutation who was incidentally diagnosed with metastatic thymoma presenting as a mediastinal mass with cardiac muscle and lymph node involvement. Despite surgical and radiotherapy treatment, there was progression with new lung and liver metastases. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with Lu-177-DOTATATE resulted in significant reduction in the size of liver, cardiac, and pleural lesions, suggesting a potential treatment option for refractory and advancing metastatic thymoma.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuheng Hu, Zeng Ye, Fei Wang, Yi Qin, Xiaowu Xu, Xianjun Yu, Shunrong Ji
Summary: SSTRs have significant clinical significance in pNETs, serving as important targets for diagnosis and treatment, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Victor Rodriguez-Freixinos, Alia Thawer, Jaume Capdevila, Diego Ferone, Simron Singh
Summary: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms present challenges in treatment sequencing due to lack of clear guidelines, despite substantial advances made in therapeutic options over the past two decades. More research is needed to address optimal sequencing and timing of therapies for individualized care.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Rashmi G. Shah, Marine A. Merlin, Samuel Adant, Faycal Zine-Eddine, Jean-Mathieu Beauregard, Girish M. Shah
Summary: Combining Lu-177-DOTA-octreotate (LuTate) with chemotherapy enhances the objective response in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients by inducing an upregulation of SSTR2 receptors. The upregulation of SSTR2 receptors after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs can improve LuTate uptake and reduce cell proliferation, especially in low SSTR2 expressing cells, suggesting that a properly timed pre-treatment with low-dose chemotherapy could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of LuTate.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fiona Ohlendorf, Rudolf A. Werner, Christoph Henkenberens, Tobias L. Ross, Hans Christiansen, Frank M. Bengel, Thorsten Derlin
Summary: The study evaluated the early predictive and prognostic significance of systemic inflammation markers in patients receiving PRRT for GEP-NETs. Inflammatory biomarkers and indexes showed significant differences in non-responders, with CRP, ANC, and PCM being notably higher. Changes in tumor burden were associated with CRP and NLR, indicating potential predictive value for treatment response and prognosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephan Walrand, Francois Jamar
Summary: This review discusses the development of dosimetry and PRRT studies over the past two decades, focusing on differences in toxicity between Y-90, Lu-177, and EBRT, as well as evaluating the imaging modalities' ability to assess dosimetry to target tissues. The importance of individualized activity injection and challenging current marrow dosimetry methods are highlighted, with a proposed tandem therapy optimizing the toxicity-response pattern of Lu-177-DOTATATE and Y-90-DOTATOC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dimitrios Papantoniou, Malin Gronberg, Espen Thiis-Evensen, Halfdan Sorbye, Kalle Landerholm, Staffan Welin, Eva Tiensuu Janson
Summary: Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (Si-NET) were studied as a uniform group. Si-NET grade 2 (G2) tumours with higher Ki-67 levels showed reduced efficacy of somatostatin analogues (SSA) but not peptide receptor radionuclide treatment (PRRT). Sequential treatment with interferon-alpha (IFN alpha), everolimus, and chemotherapy had limited disease stabilization. Despite higher proliferation index, established treatments were effective in Si-NET G2.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yasushi Ichikawa, Noritoshi Kobayashi, Shoko Takano, Ikuma Kato, Keigo Endo, Tomio Inoue
Summary: Theranostics combines therapy and diagnosis in a single chemical entity, with somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy being effective methods for neuroendocrine tumors. In Japan, the regulation of radiopharmaceuticals under a complex law system has led to significant drug lag, raising public concerns.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Isabel del Olmo-Garcia, Stefan Prado-Wohlwend, Alexia Andres, Jose M. Soriano, Pilar Bello, Juan Francisco Merino-Torres
Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells, many of which overexpress somatostatin receptors (SSTR). As a result, somatostatin and SSTR are important subjects of research for potential biomarkers and treatment options, including the use of somatostatin antagonists in the future.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Evert-Jan P. A. Vonken, Rutger C. G. Bruijnen, Tom J. Snijders, Tatjana Seute, Marnix G. E. H. Lam, Bart de Keizer, Arthur J. A. T. Braat
Summary: Intraarterial administration of Lu-177-high-affinity (HA)-DOTATATE shows promising results for the treatment of meningiomas. It significantly increases tracer accumulation and is a safe improvement for salvage meningioma patients.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rachel M. Levine, Efrosini Kokkoli
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rachel M. Levine, Timothy R. Pearce, Maroof Adil, Efrosini Kokkoli
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maroof M. Adil, Rachel M. Levine, Efrosini Kokkoli
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2014)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Rachel M. Levine, Carolyn M. Scott, Efrosini Kokkoli
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mike Sherman, Rachel Levine
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Cell Biology
Kaitly J. Woodard, Phillip A. Doerfler, Kalin D. Mayberry, Akshay Sharma, Rachel Levine, Jonathan Yen, Virginia Valentine, Lance E. Palmer, Marc Valentine, Mitchell J. Weiss
Summary: This study characterized mouse models of sickle cell disease (SCD) and tested a gene editing strategy to induce fetal hemoglobin (HbF). The findings provide practical information on the genomic structures of these models and highlight the importance of distal DNA elements in human globin regulation.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Senthil Velan Bhoopalan, Jonathan S. Yen, Rachel M. Levine, Akshay Sharma
Summary: Genome editing technologies, specifically CRISPR-Cas9, have made significant progress in precise genome alterations for the treatment of inherited hematopoietic disorders. Despite ongoing clinical trials and promising pre-clinical models, challenges still remain in ensuring safety, accessibility, and improving the manufacturing processes of these therapies. This review highlights recent advances and ongoing challenges in genome editing of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Thiyagaraj Mayuranathan, Gregory A. Newby, Ruopeng Feng, Yu Yao, Kalin Mayberry, Guolian Kang, Cicera Lazzarotto, Yichao Li, Rachel Levine, Erin Dempsey, Shaina N. Porter, Phillip A. Doerfler, Jingjing Zhang, Yoonjeong Jang, Senthil Bhoopalan, Nikitha Nimmagadda, Akshay Sharma, John Tisdale, Shondra Miller, Yong Cheng, Shengdar Tsai, Mitchell J. Weiss, David R. Liu, Jonathan S. Yen
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Georgios E. Christakopoulos, Thiyagaraj Mayuranathan, Alfonso G. Fernandez, Kalin Mayberry, Yu Yao, Rahul Telange, Michael Dudley, Rachel Levine, Erin Dempsey, David R. Liu, Jonathan S. Yen, Mitchell J. Weiss
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kelcee A. Everette, Gregory A. Newby, Rachel M. Levine, Kalin Mayberry, Yoonjeong Jang, Thiyagaraj Mayuranathan, Nikitha Nimmagadda, Erin Dempsey, Yichao Li, Senthil Velan Bhoopalan, Xiong Liu, Jessie R. Davis, Andrew T. Nelson, Peter J. Chen, Alexander A. Sousa, Yong Cheng, John F. Tisdale, Mitchell J. Weiss, Jonathan S. Yen, David R. Liu
Summary: Prime editing efficiently corrects the sickle-cell allele in patient haematopoietic stem cells, resulting in erythrocytes resistant to hypoxia-induced sickling. This correction was achieved at frequencies of 15%-41% in patients with sickle-cell disease. After transplantation into mice, the prime-edited cells maintained normal gene expression and displayed similar differentiation and maturation as unedited stem cells from healthy donors.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thiyagaraj Mayuranathan, Gregory A. Newby, Ruopeng Feng, Yu Yao, Kalin D. Mayberry, Cicera R. Lazzarotto, Yichao Li, Rachel M. Levine, Nikitha Nimmagadda, Erin Dempsey, Guolian Kang, Shaina N. Porter, Phillip A. Doerfler, Jingjing Zhang, Yoonjeong Jang, Jingjing Chen, Henry W. Bell, Merlin Crossley, Senthil Velan Bhoopalan, Akshay Sharma, John F. Tisdale, Shondra M. Pruett-Miller, Yong Cheng, Shengdar Q. Tsai, David R. Liu, Mitchell J. Weiss, Jonathan S. Yen
Summary: A comparison of gene editing strategies using sickle cell disease cells and in vivo transplantation reveals that adenine base editing of the -175A>G site in the γ-globin gene promoters yields durable and potent expression. This approach provides insights into γ-globin gene regulation and offers a potential strategy for inducing HbF. The study also highlights the unexpected phenotypic variation caused by Cas9-generated diverse indels, which can be avoided by base editing.
Article
Biology
Eric T. Hall, Miriam E. Dillard, Daniel P. Stewart, Yan Zhang, Ben Wagner, Rachel M. Levine, Shondra M. Pruett-Miller, April Sykes, Jamshid Temirov, Richard E. Cheney, Motomi Mori, Camenzind G. Robinson, Stacey K. Ogden
Summary: Morphogens act in concentration-dependent ways to guide cell fate during tissue patterning, with cytoneme transport model suggesting the extension of specialized filopodia between sending and responding cells to ensure proper signaling thresholds. The actin motor Myosin 10 facilitates vesicular transport of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) morphogen in mouse cell cytonemes, and cytoneme-mediated deposition of SHH onto receiving cells induces a rapid, receptor-dependent signal response. The activity is dependent on a novel Dispatched (DISP)-BOC/CDON co-receptor complex in ligand-producing cells to promote cytoneme occurrence and facilitate signal activation.
Article
Physiology
Shaina N. Porter, Rachel M. Levine, Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
COMPREHENSIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rachel M. Levine, Christina V. Dinh, Michael A. Harris, Efrosini Kokkoli
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2016)