Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Volume 249, Issue -, Pages 367-378Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.06.024
Keywords
Aluminium alloys; Grain refinement; Ultrasonic treatment; Solute; Eutectic
Funding
- Australian Research Council (ARC) [ARC DP140100702]
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A systematic experimental study has been made of the combined influence of solute content (1%, 2%, 3%, 5%) and ultrasonic intensity (0, 88, 350, 790, 1400 W/cm(2)) on grain refinement of Al-Si, Al-Cu and Al-Ni binary alloys. The grain refining efficiency was analyzed using the growth-restriction-factor (GRF) model. Ultrasonication resulted in more activated nucleants in Al-Cu alloys than in Al-Si and Al-Ni alloys by the model. The combination of high solute content and high ultrasonic intensity produced significant grain refinement, including significant refinement of eutectic structures that formed in the Al-5%Si, Al-5%Cu and Al-5%Ni alloys. In particular, high solute content ensured achievement of homogeneous and consistent grain morphology in ultrasonic grain refinement. In addition, excellent grain refinement was achieved in both the Al-5%Cu alloy, which has an equilibrium freezing range of 100 degrees C, and the Al-5%Ni alloy, which has an equilibrium freezing range of just 5 degrees C, under the same applied ultrasonic intensity (1400 W/cm(2)) conditions. The mechanisms for ultrasonic grain refinement of Al alloys are discussed based on experimental findings.
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