Article
Cell Biology
Kyong-Oh Shin, Hisashi Mihara, Kenya Ishida, Yoshikazu Uchida, Kyungho Park
Summary: This study investigates the biological effects of exogenous NP and NDS, widely used as topical ceramide agents, on cultured human keratinocytes. NDS serves as a precursor for diverse ceramide species required for the permeability barrier and enhances differentiation and innate immunity, while NP does not have the same effects.
Article
Cell Biology
Jung Hwa Lim, Dae Hun Kim, Kyung Hee Noh, Cho-Rok Jung, Hyun Mi Kang
Summary: This study identified epidermal progenitor cells that possess unlimited proliferation and multipotent differentiation capacity. These cells can form organotypic skin models and mimic the morphologic and biochemical processes of human epidermis. The proliferation and differentiation of these cells rely on the expression of Integrin beta 1 (ITGB1). Furthermore, the in vitro and in vivo wound healing capacity of these cells was examined.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Long You, Ting Shen, Weicheng Hu, Jae Youl Cho
Summary: By activating growth factor receptors such as EGFR and HER2, protopanaxatriol (PPT) can regulate skin moisturizing factors and multiple signaling pathways, thereby protecting and moisturizing the skin.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ge Peng, Saya Tsukamoto, Yoshie Umehara, Ryoma Kishi, Mitsutoshi Tominaga, Kenji Takamori, Ko Okumura, Hideoki Ogawa, Shigaku Ikeda, Francois Niyonsaba
Summary: Betacellulin (BTC) gene expression is downregulated in skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), but recovers after treatment. BTC addition enhances the levels of skin-derived antimicrobial peptides and skin barrier-related genes in human keratinocytes. BTC can improve Th2 cytokine-mediated impairment of skin barrier function through the EGFR/PKC axis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Corinne Urwyler-Rosselet, Giel Tanghe, Michael Devos, Paco Hulpiau, Yvan Saeys, Wim Declercq
Summary: Receptor interacting protein kinases (RIPKs) are a family of enzymes that play important roles in integrating stress signals in the skin homeostasis. By activating various signaling pathways, RIPKs regulate the activation of NF-& kappa;B and mitogen-activated protein kinases, influencing processes such as cell death, inflammation, differentiation, and Wnt signaling.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kyohei Furukawa, Masaya Kono, Tetsuro Kataoka, Yukio Hasebe, Huijuan Jia, Hisanori Kato
Summary: The study found that nutritional supplementation of eggshell membrane (ESM) can have a beneficial effect on maintaining skin health and improving the skin aging process, possibly through upregulating calcium signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giorgia Cardinali, Enrica Flori, Arianna Mastrofrancesco, Sarah Mosca, Monica Ottaviani, Maria Lucia Dell'Anna, Mauro Truglio, Antonella Vento, Marco Zaccarini, Christos C. Zouboulis, Mauro Picardo
Summary: Studies have found that the synthetic AhR ligands NPD-0614-13 and NPD-0614-24 show potential in inhibiting inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, with beneficial effects observed in human skin models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed T. El-Serafi, Ibrahim El-Serafi, Ingrid Steinvall, Folke Sjoberg, Moustafa Elmasry
Summary: Cell regenerative therapy is a modern solution for difficult-to-heal wounds, and the secretions of keratinocytes play an important role in the differentiation of stem cells into keratinocytes. This systematic review found that keratinocyte secretions mainly include cytokines, growth factors, and antimicrobial peptides. Among them, growth factors, especially epidermal growth factor and members of the transforming growth factor family, have a significant impact on the differentiation process. However, most studies focused on the interaction between keratinocytes and inflammation, indicating the need for further research on the nature and regenerative capacities of keratinocyte secretions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Dermatology
Mao-Qiang Man, Joan S. Wakefield, Theodora M. Mauro, Peter M. Elias
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a regulatory role in epidermal permeability barrier functions, affecting processes such as barrier homeostasis and wound healing. While insufficient NO can lead to disorders like diabetes and hypertension, excessive levels can induce cellular oxidative stress. iNOS remains essential for epidermal permeability barrier homeostasis.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xuan Wang, Shuyong Wang, Baolin Guo, Yuxin Su, Zuolong Tan, Mingyang Chang, Jinmei Diao, Yi Zhao, Yunfang Wang
Summary: The study presents a method for establishing and expanding human primary epidermal organoids under a chemically defined condition, which show tolerance to dermatophyte infections caused by Trichophyton Rubrum. This experimental model provides new insights into the pathogenesis of T. rubrum infections and serves as a potential tool for studying and testing antifungal drugs.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Na Wang, Marta Vuerich, Ahmadreza Kalbasi, Jonathon J. Graham, Eva Csizmadia, Zachary James Manickas-Hill, Ann Woolley, Clement David, Eric M. Miller, Kara Gorman, Jonathan L. Hecht, Shahzad Shaefi, Simon C. Robson, Maria Serena Longhi
Summary: The text discusses T cell exhaustion and gene alterations observed in severe COVID-19 patients, especially in the lungs. The study also found an upregulation of ENTPD1/CD39 in affected organs and a reduced TCR repertoire, which may play permissive roles in the progression of COVID-19.
Review
Biology
Marie-Claire Mechin, Michel Simon
Summary: This article discusses the role of peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) in physiological processes and their involvement in human diseases. PAD1 and PAD3 are important for keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier function, while mutations in the PADI3 gene are associated with hair disorders and alopecia. The study highlights the significance of PADs in skin health and disease.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nan-Hyung Kim, Ai-Young Lee
Summary: There is evidence that oxidative stress disrupts the formation of primary cilia and plays a role in melasma. This study found decreased levels of NRF2, IFT88, and GLIs in skin samples from melasma patients. Knockdown of NRF2, IFT88, and GLI1 led to increased expressions in proteins related to pigmentation. These findings suggest that oxidative stress inhibits ciliogenesis and stimulates melanin synthesis, leading to skin hyperpigmentation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zengjin Wang, Congcong Zhang, Fengyan Huang, Xiaojing Liu, Zhiping Wang, Bing Yan
Summary: Ingestion of nanoparticles during pregnancy can be dangerous to fetal brain development, especially in early pregnancy. Experimental results show that nanoparticles can cross multiple biological barriers, and the toxicity to the fetus depends on the stages of pregnancy and fetal development.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Hanna Niehues, Gijs Rikken, Ferry F. J. Kersten, Jorine M. Eeftens, Ivonne M. J. J. Van Vlijmen-Willems, Diana Rodijk-Olthuis, Patrick A. M. Jansen, Wiljan J. A. J. Hendriks, Thomas H. A. Ederveen, Joost Schalkwijk, Ellen H. Van den Bogaard, Patrick L. J. M. Zeeuwen
Summary: Late cornified envelope (LCE) proteins are small cationic epidermal proteins with antimicrobial properties. We identified CYSRT1 as an interacting partner of LCE proteins, which is specifically expressed in cutaneous and oral epithelia and colocalizes with LCE proteins in the upper layers of the suprabasal epidermis. CYSRT1 has antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and contributes to the constitutive epidermal antimicrobial host defense repertoire.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulina Piller, Heimo Wolinski, Robert A. Cordfunke, Jan Wouter Drijfhout, Sandro Keller, Karl Lohner, Nermina Malanovic
Summary: The development of antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria is crucial in the medical field. This study found that SAAP-148, an antimicrobial peptide, showed higher efficiency in killing bacteria and had stronger effects on membranes at both cellular and molecular levels compared to OP-145.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anna Pukaluk, Heimo Wolinski, Christian Viertler, Peter Regitnig, Gerhard A. Holzapfel, Gerhard Sommer
Summary: Understanding the correlation between tissue architecture, health status, and mechanical properties is crucial for improving material models and tissue engineering. This study obtained experimentally validated structural parameters of human abdominal aortas using multi-photon microscopy and equibiaxial loading. The alterations in fiber structure were quantified, and the results provided explanations for the observed mechanical behavior. The waviness parameters of collagen and elastin fibers showed potential as indicators of tissue strength. This research addresses deficiencies in current material models and bridges multiscale mechanisms in the aortic media.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ivan Bradic, Katharina B. Kuentzel, Sophie Honeder, Gernot F. Grabner, Nemanja Vujic, Robert Zimmermann, Ruth Birner-Gruenberger, Dagmar Kratky
Summary: Our findings demonstrate that Lalistat-1 and Lalistat-2 not only inhibit the action of LAL, but also suppress the activity of cytosolic lipid hydrolases responsible for lysosomal function. This has critical implications for understanding the role of LAL in lysosomal function, signaling pathways, and autophagy.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Letter
Dermatology
Jason M. Meyer, Katerina Vavrova, Franz P. W. Radner, Holm Schneider, Angela Dick, Theodora M. Mauro, Peter M. Elias
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Isabella Pototschnig, Ursula Feiler, Clemens Diwoky, Paul W. Vesely, Thomas Rauchenwald, Margret Paar, Latifa Bakiri, Laura Pajed, Peter Hofer, Karl Kashofer, Nyamdelger Sukhbaatar, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Thomas Weichhart, Gerald Hoefler, Christoph Bock, Martin Pichler, Erwin F. Wagner, Rudolf Zechner, Martina Schweiger
Summary: In this study, CHX207 fibrosarcoma cells were used as a novel tool to study the mediators and metabolic consequences of CAC in C57BL/6 mice compared to non-cachectic MCA207-tumour-bearing mice. The results showed that IL-6 plays a crucial role in the development of CAC caused by CHX207 tumors.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miriam de J. Velasquez-Hernandez, Mercedes Linares-Moreau, Lea A. A. Brandner, Benedetta Marmiroli, Mariano Barella, Guillermo P. P. Acuna, Simone Dal Zilio, Margot F. K. Verstreken, Dmitry E. E. Kravchenko, Oliver M. M. Linder-Patton, Jack D. D. Evans, Helmar Wiltsche, Francesco Carraro, Heimo Wolinski, Rob Ameloot, Christian Doonan, Paolo Falcaro
Summary: A patternable oriented MOF film is designed by using X-ray exposure to decompose the MOF film in the irradiated areas and remain intact in the unexposed regions. This MOF patterning protocol can be used for the microfabrication of optical components for photonic devices.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Franziska Poeschl, Theresa Hoeher, Sarah Pirklbauer, Heimo Wolinski, Lisa Lienhart, Miriam Ressler, Monika Riederer
Summary: This study demonstrates the effects of DON in a gut-on-a-chip model, which incorporates the effects of intestinal flow. DON causes dysfunction of intestinal barrier, with lower concentrations inducing TEER increase and higher concentrations leading to barrier disruption and IL-8 secretion.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriel Chalhoub, Alina Jamnik, Laura Pajed, Stephanie Kolleritsch, Victoria Hois, Antonia Bagaric, Dominik Prem, Anna Tilp, Dagmar Kolb, Heimo Wolinski, Ulrike Taschler, Thomas Zuellig, Gerald N. Rechberger, Claudia Fuchs, Michael Trauner, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Guenter Haemmerle
Summary: The abnormal generation of lipid metabolites and signaling molecules, including DAG and lysoPC, play a critical role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Ces2a and CES2 are key players in lipid metabolism, regulating the hydrolysis of DAG and lysoPC.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yihe Wang, Astrid Hammer, Gerald Hoefler, Ernst Malle, Clare L. Hawkins, Christine Y. Chuang, Michael J. Davies
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque formation in arterial walls. The study found that hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chloramines can specifically modify aggrecan, a proteoglycan involved in atherogenesis. These modifications, different from those induced by ADAMTS1, can lead to irreversible protein cross-links. The findings also showed colocalization of aggrecan and HOCl-generated epitopes in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques.
Article
Microbiology
Himadri B. B. Thapa, Paul Kohl, Franz G. G. Zingl, Dominik Fleischhacker, Heimo Wolinski, Thomas A. A. Kufer, Stefan Schild
Summary: The release of membrane vesicles from bacteria plays an important role in intra- and interspecies communication. Although the immunomodulatory properties of bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have been recognized, their interactions with host cells and underlying signaling pathways are not well understood. This study provides a comparative analysis of the proinflammatory cytokine response of human intestinal epithelial cells to MVs derived from different gut bacteria. The results show that outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria induce a stronger proinflammatory response than MVs from Gram-positive bacteria, and the immunomodulatory activities vary between different species.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Georg Richtig, Melanie Kienzl, Sonja Rittchen, David Roula, Juergen Eberle, Zina Sarif, Martin Pichler, Gerald Hoefler, Akos Heinemann
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the pro-apoptotic effects of cannabinoids in metastatic melanoma and their value besides conventional targeted therapy. The results showed that cannabinoids can induce apoptosis through the mitochondrial cytochrome c release and caspase activation pathway, and do not interfere with commonly used targeted therapy.
Article
Neurosciences
Joshua Adekunle Babalola, Magdalena Lang, Meekha George, Anika Stracke, Carmen Tam-Amersdorfer, Izaskun Itxaso, Domjan Lucija, Jelena Tadic, Irene Schilcher, Tina Loeffler, Stefanie Flunkert, Manuela Prokesch, Gerd Leitinger, Achim Lass, Birgit Hutter-Paier, Ute Panzenboeck, Gerald Hoefler
Summary: In this study, astaxanthin was found to enhance the clearance of misfolded proteins in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients, reduce inflammation, and alter the expression levels of transport proteins.
Article
Biology
Jan Elias, Klemens Fellner, Peter Hofer, Monika Oberer, Renate Schreiber, Rudolf Zechner
Summary: Fatty acids play crucial roles as energy metabolites, signalling molecules, and membrane building blocks. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the key regulator of releasing fatty acids from cytosolic lipid droplets. Besides hydrolysing triglycerides into diacylglycerols for FA release, ATGL also promotes transacylation reactions. It is unclear whether transacylation is a byproduct or has physiological relevance. Experimental evidence is scarce due to the simultaneous occurrence of hydrolysis and transacylation at the active site of ATGL.
BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Tommaso Sconocchia, Johannes Fosselteder, Lisa Auinger, Erdem Oezkaya, Theresa Benezeder, Magdalena Lang, Christine Beham-Schmid, Gerald Hoefler, Armin Zebisch, Albert Woelfler, Heinz Sill, Peter Wolf, Herbert Strobl, Andreas Reinisch
Article
Microbiology
Henrique Machado, Peter Hofer, Rudolf Zechner, Terry K. Smith, Luisa M. Figueiredo
Summary: In African trypanosomiasis, lipolysis of adipose tissue is activated early in infection, which limits parasite growth and affects the loss of fat mass.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)