Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ryan J. McNally, Bushra Farukh, Philip J. Chowienczyk, Luca Faconti
Summary: The study found that diuretics increase plasma aldosterone in hypertensive patients, with all classes of diuretics having similar effects on PA. In individuals not treated with other antihypertensive medications, the change in plasma aldosterone is related to the change in systolic blood pressure but not to the change in potassium levels.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun Yang, Stella May Gwini, Lawrence J. Beilin, Markus Schlaich, Michael Stowasser, Morag J. Young, Peter J. Fuller, Trevor A. Mori
Summary: Oral contraception can increase the aldosterone to renin ratio, leading to false positive results in the screening for primary aldosteronism. Until more reliable criteria for primary aldosteronism screening in oral contraception users are established, alternative contraception methods should be considered.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joshua J. Joseph, Neal K. Pohlman, Songzhu Zhao, David Kline, Guy Brock, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Mario Sims, Valery S. Effoe, Wen-Chih Wu, Rita R. Kalyani, Gary S. Wand, Bjorn Kluwe, Willa A. Hsueh, Marwah Abdalla, Daichi Shimbo, Sherita H. Golden
Summary: The study revealed that suppressed renin activity and higher aldosterone:renin ratios were associated with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure in various settings. Higher aldosterone levels were linked to higher diastolic blood pressure but not systolic blood pressure in different monitoring periods.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tatsuya Haze, Nobuhito Hirawa, Yuichiro Yano, Kouichi Tamura, Isao Kurihara, Hiroki Kobayashi, Mika Tsuiki, Takamasa Ichijo, Norio Wada, Takuyuki Katabami, Koichi Yamamoto, Kenji Oki, Nobuya Inagaki, Shintaro Okamura, Tatsuya Kai, Shoichiro Izawa, Masanobu Yamada, Yoshiro Chiba, Akiyo Tanabe, Mitsuhide Naruse
Summary: The study utilized a dataset from a Japanese nationwide registry of patients with primary aldosteronism to determine prognostic factors for cardiovascular diseases. It found that higher aldosterone-to-renin ratio before treatments, higher pulse pressure after treatments, and longer duration of hypertension were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. Early intervention may be important for preventing cardiovascular disease among patients with primary aldosteronism.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Janis M. Nolde, Graham S. Hillis, Emily Atkins, Amy Von Huben, Simone Marschner, Justine Chan, Christopher M. Reid, Mark R. Nelson, Gemma Figtree, John Chalmers, Tim Usherwood, Anthony Rodgers, Clara K. Chow, Markus P. Schlaich
Summary: Different definitions of night-time blood pressure can lead to variations in calculation results, which may be clinically significant. Individual cases may show substantial differences, impacting clinical decision-making. Diaries should be used for adjustment in patients with significant differences in sleeping patterns.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ryutaro Morita, Kengo Azushima, Sumire Sunohara, Tatsuya Haze, Ryu Kobayashi, Sho Kinguchi, Tomohiko Kanaoka, Kazuo Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki Toya, Hiromichi Wakui, Kouichi Tamura
Summary: Patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and high plasma aldosterone concentrations (PACs) are associated with abnormal ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) profiles. This study investigated the association between PACs and ABPM profile in PA patients. The results showed that post-stimulation PAC was negatively correlated with nocturnal blood pressure dipping rates, and high PAC was an independent factor contributing to low dipping rates. This suggests that hyperaldosteronism in PA patients is associated with nocturnal hypertension, which is a significant risk factor for CVD.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Niels Graudal, Thorbjorn Hubeck-Graudal, Gesche Jurgens
Summary: This study analyzed the association between a wide range of sodium intake and plasma renin activity (PRA). The results showed a negative correlation between PRA and sodium intake in populations with low sodium intake, while there was no such association in populations with usual/high sodium intake.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomasz Pizon, Marek Rajzer, Wiktoria Wojciechowska, Tomasz Drozdz, Dorota Drozdz, Marta Rojek, Krystian Gruszka, Danuta Czarnecka
Summary: The study aimed to assess the relations between plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone concentration (ALDO), and selected asymptomatic organ damage (AOD) indices in mild primary arterial hypertension (AH). High PRA patients had higher ALDO levels, and those with simultaneously high PRA and ARR values showed more severe arterial stiffness and renal impairment. Assessment of the influence of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system on AOD should consider the relationship between renin and aldosterone.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Felix Mahfoud, Raymond R. Townsend, David E. Kandzari, Kazuomi Kario, Roland E. Schmieder, Konstantinos Tsiou, Stuart Pocock, Shukri David, Kiritkumar Patel, Anjani Rao, Antony Walton, Jason E. Bloom, Thomas Weber, Markus Suppan, Lucas Lauder, Sidney A. Cohen, Pamela McKenna, Martin Fahy, Michael Boehm, Michael A. Weber
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of renal denervation (RDN) on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in blood pressure regulation. Results showed that plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels significantly decreased compared to baseline in RDN patients at 3 months, with higher baseline PRA levels associated with a more significant reduction in blood pressure.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ryan J. McNally, Luca Faconti, Marina Cecelja, Bushra Farukh, Christopher N. Floyd, Philip J. Chowienczyk
Summary: This study investigated the effects of diuretic therapy on plasma renin activity (PRA) and found that diuretics lead to a sustained increase in PRA, with similar effects across different classes of diuretic, and that this increase is unrelated to the reduction in blood pressure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anna Deja, Piotr Skrzypczyk, Magdalena Nowak, Malgorzata Wronska, Michal Szyszka, Anna Ofiara, Justyna Lesiak-Kosmatka, Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel, Malgorzata Panczyk-Tomaszewska
Summary: This study aimed to assess active renin concentration in children with primary hypertension. The results showed that active renin concentration is positively associated with blood pressure and potassium in children, and diastolic blood pressure was the strongest predictor of renin level. Patients with isolated systolic hypertension may differ from patients with systolic-diastolic hypertension in less severe activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shawn Jing-Sheng Seah, Shi Ting Chiu, As Tar Thant, Siew Pang Chan, Yi-Hui Ou, Yao Hao Teo, Serene Wong, Chieh-Yang Koo, Ferran Barbe, Chi-Hang Lee
Summary: Traditionally, respiratory sleep indices have been reported based on average total sleep time. This study investigates the relationship between the hour-to-hour variability of these indices and blood pressure. The results show that the hour-to-hour variability of AHI and ODI is independently associated with 24-hour pulse pressure, indicating the potential clinical relevance of this new-found association.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer M. Crowther, Letitia H. Gilmour, Benjamin T. Porebski, Sarah G. Heath, Neil R. Pattinson, Maurice C. Owen, Rayleen Fredericks, Ashley M. Buckle, Conan J. Fee, Christoph Gobl, Renwick C. J. Dobson
Summary: Angiotensinogen fine-tunes the activity of the renin-angiotensin system by modulating the release of angiotensin peptides that control blood pressure. The redox switch mechanism of angiotensinogen shows subtle dynamic differences between reduced and oxidized forms, with different binding kinetics to antibodies. Mass spectrometry mapping demonstrates that the antibody binds to the N-terminal region of angiotensinogen, indicating that the different redox forms can be detected by an antibody-based method.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Naomi D. L. Fisher, Ajay J. Kirtane, Joost Daemen, Florian Rader, Melvin D. Lobo, Manish Saxena, Josephine Abraham, Roland E. Schmieder, Andrew S. P. Sharp, Philippe Gosse, Lisa Claude, Yang Song, Michel Azizi
Summary: This study investigated the association between plasma renin and aldosterone concentrations and the blood pressure response to renal denervation. The results showed that renal denervation reduced daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure, but renin and aldosterone concentrations did not predict the blood pressure response to renal denervation.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piotr Kmiec, Ewa Zalewska, Katarzyna Kunicka, Ewa Swierblewska, Krzysztof Sworczak
Summary: Recent research has highlighted the importance of mild clinical and biochemical presentations of primary aldosteronism (PA) that do not meet the diagnostic criteria of the syndrome. In this study, the prevalence of autonomous aldosterone secretion (AAS) was evaluated in patients with incidentally discovered adrenal adenomas (AI). Approximately 25% of the patients had AAS, while urinary aldosterone excretion did not exceed 10 ug/day.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Francesco Spannella, Andrea Filipponi, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Di Pentima, Valentina Bordoni, Riccardo Sarzani
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2020)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Riccardo Sarzani, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Di Pentima, Andrea Filipponi, Francesco Spannella
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Anesthesiology
Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Elisa Damiani, Lucia Faloia, Massimo Stronati, Alfredo Venezia, Paolo Vincenzi, Daniele Castellani, Gianfranco Boccoli, Marco Dellabella, Marina Giampieri, Riccardo Sarzani, Roberto Starnari
MINERVA ANESTESIOLOGICA
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Riccardo Sarzani, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Di Pentima, Piero Giordano, Francesco Spannella
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Physiology
Riccardo Sarzani, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Di Pentima, Piero Giordano, Francesco Spannella
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Casula, M. Gazzotti, F. Bonaiti, E. OImastroni, M. Arca, M. Averna, A. Zambon, A. L. Catapano
Summary: The PROSISA study found that 9.6% of dyslipidaemic patients reported statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS), with only one third of patients still reporting SAMS after dechallenge/rechallenge.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Riccardo Sarzani, Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Di Pentima, Piero Giordano, Andrea Giacometti
Summary: The use of glucocorticoid drugs like dexamethasone for severe COVID-19 patients, especially those requiring mechanical ventilation or supplemental oxygen therapy, has shown the largest benefit. However, there may be no benefit for patients without hypoxemia. Administering dexamethasone after several days of symptoms can lead to positive outcomes, but early administration may have potential harm, with the optimum time for glucocorticoid administration still being debated.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Riccardo Sarzani, Massimiliano Allevi, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Di Pentima, Serena Re, Piero Giordano, Francesco Spannella
Summary: Specific physiologic traits or health conditions like male sex, older age, overweight/obesity, arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus have been found to be highly prevalent and associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. These cardiovascular morbidities often coexist, leading to an imbalance in the RAS system and severe COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Roberta Galeazzi, Anna Passarelli, Serena Re, Chiara Di Pentima, Massimiliano Allevi, Paolo Magni, Riccardo Sarzani
Summary: This study found an inverse association between plasma PCSK9 and NT-proBNP levels in older patients, supporting the hypothesis that NPs may regulate cholesterol metabolism through inhibitory action on PCSK9 concentrations.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riccardo Sarzani, Massimiliano Allevi, Chiara Di Pentima, Paola Schiavi, Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti
Summary: Cardiac natriuretic peptides are true hormones produced by cardiomyocytes, exerting systemic effects and contributing to cardiovascular health. They also have paracrine and autocrine activities on the heart, preventing cardiac dysfunction and promoting heart protection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chiara Di Pentima, Sara Cecchini, Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Massimiliano Allevi, Paola Schiavi, Francesca Carnevali, Lorenzo Zoppi, Maria Carmela Ciociola, Fiammetta Ventura, Gina Dragano, Piero Giordano, Enrico Paci, Riccardo Sarzani
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the lung sequelae and clinical consequences in older patients 3 and 6 months after hospitalization for COVID-19 pneumonia. The study included 55 patients aged 65 years and older. CT scans and assessments of daily living activities and clinical frailty were performed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. The results showed that 22% of the subjects still had ground-glass opacities after 6 months, while consolidations were no longer visible. Fibrotic-like changes were found in 40% of the subjects, mainly males. Worsening daily living activities and clinical frailty were associated with comorbidities.
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Giorgia Laureti, Mirko Di Rosa, Chiara Di Pentima, Massimiliano Allevi, Caterina Garbuglia, Piero Giordano, Matteo Landolfo, Letizia Ferrara, Alessia Fumagalli, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Anna Rita Bonfigli, Riccardo Sarzani
Summary: This study aimed to identify clusters of hospitalized older COVID-19 patients and evaluate their association with in-hospital mortality. Three clusters were identified, with increasing mortality risk from cluster 1 to cluster 3. Patients in cluster 3 were older and had higher prevalence of comorbidities and inflammation markers. The addition of frailty assessment improved the predictive ability for in-hospital mortality.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Matteo Landolfo, Massimiliano Allevi, Francesco Spannella, Federico Giulietti, Alessandro Gezzi, Riccardo Sarzani
Summary: This study compared the CVR stratification and LDL-C control using different methods. The results showed that both SCORE2/SCORE2-OP and the 2021 ESC Guidelines led to significant reclassification of CVR and differences in LDL-C goals. The choice of LDL-C calculation method also had an impact on LDL-C control.
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE & CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION
(2023)