Article
Microbiology
Consuelo Olivares-Yanez, Maria P. Alessandri, Loreto Salas, Luis F. Larrondo
Summary: In Neurospora crassa, caffeine and other methylxanthines inhibit phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity, leading to increased cAMP levels and longer circadian period. However, these substances still exert their effects in adenylate cyclase and protein kinase A mutants, suggesting a different mechanism from the canonical PDE-cAMP-PKA signaling axis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yue Hu, Xiaolan Liu, Qiaojia Lu, Yulin Yang, Qun He, Yi Liu, Xiao Liu
Summary: Temperature compensation in circadian clocks involves a stable interaction between clock proteins and CK1, leading to regulated phosphorylation rather than protein stability. In Neurospora, the loss of temperature compensation or overcompensation phenotypes is due to temperature-dependent alterations in the FRQ-CK1 interaction, revealing a key biochemical process underlying circadian temperature compensation. Understanding this mechanism provides insight into period length determination in Neurospora and potentially in other eukaryotic clocks.
Article
Cell Biology
Sabrina Klemz, Thomas Wallach, Sandra Korge, Mechthild Rosing, Roman Klemz, Bert Maier, Nicholas C. Fiorenza, Irem Kaymak, Anna K. Fritzsche, Erik D. Herzog, Ralf Stanewsky, Achim Kramer
Summary: In organisms with circadian clocks, the post-translational modifications of clock proteins, particularly phosphorylation, play a crucial role in controlling circadian rhythms. Protein phosphatase 4 (PPP4) and its regulatory subunit PPP4R2 have been identified as critical components in mammals and Drosophila, affecting the circadian system by regulating phosphorylation and transactivation activity of CLOCK/BMAL1.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ueli Schibler
Summary: Mammalian body cells have cell-autonomous and self-sustained circadian oscillators relying on delayed negative feedback loops in gene expression. Transcriptional activation and repression, as well as post-translational mechanisms like phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, play crucial roles in setting the pace of these timekeepers. The study by Klemz and colleagues in Genes & Development demonstrates how dephosphorylation of BMAL1 by protein phosphatase 4 (PPP4) participates in the modulation of circadian timing.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sambit Roy, Aierken Abudu, Irving Salinas, Niharika Sinha, Holly Cline-Fedewa, Alexandra M. Yaw, Wenjie Qi, Todd A. Lydic, Diana L. Takahashi, Jon D. Hennebold, Hanne M. Hoffmann, Jianrong Wang, Aritro Sen
Summary: This study shows that chronic high androgen levels cause hepatic steatosis in a PCOS mouse model, and this phenotype can be rescued through hepatocyte-specific androgen receptor (AR)-knockout. The study also reveals that androgens can disrupt the hepatic timing system and affect the expression of metabolic genes and circadian genes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Ashton, Russell G. Foster, Aarti Jagannath
Summary: Circadian rhythms are essential for survival, allowing organisms to predict environmental changes and time behavior. The circadian clock is a self-sustaining molecular oscillator that needs to be continually adjusted to stay in alignment with the external world. Light is the primary time cue in mammals and plays a complex role in entraining the circadian clock in the SCN.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Bernadetta Bilska, Aneta Zegar, Andrzej T. Slominski, Konrad Kleszczynski, Joanna Cichy, Elzbieta Pyza
Summary: The gene expression of Rarres2, Camp, and Defb1 in mouse skin was highest during high activity periods, but this rhythm was masked under constant darkness, while the gene expression of Defb3 and Defb14 showed the highest levels during sleep and were maintained under constant darkness. This indicates a correlation between specific antimicrobial peptides and different physiological states, with some being influenced by light-dark cycles and others being regulated by a circadian clock.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shir Confino, Talya Dor, Adi Tovin, Yair Wexler, Zohar Ben-Moshe Livne, Michaela Kolker, Odelia Pisanty, Sohyun Kathy Park, Nathalie Geyer, Joel Reiter, Shimon Edvardson, Hagar Mor-Shaked, Orly Elpeleg, Daniela Vallone, Lior Appelbaum, Nicholas S. Foulkes, Yoav Gothilf
Summary: The circadian clock is a mechanism that regulates various physiological rhythms with a period of approximately 24 hours. A mutation in FBXL3 has been found in patients with syndromic developmental delay, morphological abnormalities, and intellectual disability. Using zebrafish as a model, it was discovered that loss of fbxl3a function disrupts the circadian rhythms, locomotor activity, and sleep-wake cycles, but does not cause morphological effects. These findings suggest a conserved role for FBXL3 in the circadian clock system across vertebrates and its acquisition of developmental roles in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nisha Misra, Manohar Damara, Tao Ye, Pierre Chambon
Summary: This study reveals a tight functional relationship between the circadian clock and DNA demethylation-methylation of deoxyCpG islands. It is discovered that circadian clock-controlled output genes contain a specific intronic deoxyCpG island, whose demethylation-methylation is controlled by the circadian clock. These intronic islands undergo demethylation during transcriptional activation and store activating components for the initiation of transcription of their cognate pre-mRNAs. The study demonstrates how intronic deoxyCpG islands cooperate with cognate enhancers to boost circadian gene transcription and expression.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sebastian Larion, Caleb A. Padgett, Joshua T. Butcher, James D. Mintz, David J. Fulton, David W. Stepp
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to the disruption of the liver's biological clock, and nobiletin can improve NAFLD by restoring the biological clock. The study suggests that nobiletin reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and alleviates steatosis in obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jia Luo, Zheng Yan, Manyun Dai, Liping Xu, Haoyue Zhang, Yang Xi, Julin Yang, Aiming Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of PPAR alpha in modifying the circadian clock and its relevance to NAFLD. The authors used a mouse model and hepatocyte experiments to verify the effects of PPAR alpha on CLOCK regulation and lipid accumulation. They found that high-fat diet led to the down-regulation of CLOCK in the liver, and this down-regulation was dependent on PPAR alpha activity. Furthermore, they observed that down-regulation of hepatic CLOCK by basal PPAR alpha contributed to the inhibition of NAFLD development, while inhibition of CLOCK by activated PPAR alpha was involved in the inhibition of NAFLD by PPAR alpha agonists.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Si-Ke He, Jia-Hao Wang, Tao Li, Shan Yin, Jian-Wei Cui, Yun-Fei Xiao, Yin Tang, Jia Wang, Yun-Jin Bai
Summary: This article reviews the relationship between circadian rhythm disturbance and kidney stone disease (KSD), summarizing the risk factors and treatment methods. The results indicate that KSD is associated with systemic disorders such as metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and microbiome dysbiosis, and some chronotherapies have been proven effective.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Francesca Manocchio, Jorge R. Soliz-Rueda, Aleix Ribas-Latre, Francisca Isabel Bravo, Anna Arola-Arnal, Manuel Suarez, Begona Muguerza
Summary: This study investigates the modulation of hepatic clock genes by grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) through miRNAs. The results demonstrate that GSPE regulates the expression of Bmal1 and miR-27b-3p in the liver, and the modulation of peripheral clocks by GSPE via miRNA may involve a complex mechanism that interacts with the central system.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luba Sominsky, Tamara Dangel, Sajida Malik, Simone N. De Luca, Nicolas Singewald, Sarah J. Spencer
Summary: Microglia play essential roles not only in immune defense but also in regulating satiety, memory, and pain responses. These functions are significantly influenced by circadian rhythmicity, impacting various physiological processes throughout the day.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amandine Verlande, Sung Kook Chun, Maggie O. Goodson, Bridget M. Fortin, Hosung Bae, Cholsoon Jang, Selma Masri
Summary: The study revealed that lung adenocarcinoma patients may experience cachexia due to inflammatory responses, and the activation of PKA by elevated glucagon levels destabilizes REV-ERB alpha, leading to increased hepatic glucose production.
Review
Biology
Ayelen Melisa Blanco, Jessica Calo, Jose Luis Soengas
Summary: The gut and brain communicate and influence each other through the gut-brain axis, regulating food intake and physiological processes. Studies on this axis in non-mammalian vertebrates are limited, and gaps in knowledge need to be filled to better understand its function and significance.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica Calo, Ayelen M. Blanco, Sara Comesana, Marta Conde-Sieira, Sofia Morais, Jose L. Soengas
Summary: This study identified and characterized amino acid sensing systems in the gastrointestinal tract of rainbow trout, showing differences in the expression and response of amino acid receptors compared to mammals. The study also demonstrated the involvement of specific signaling pathways in mediating these responses and highlighted significant changes in gut hormone levels in response to luminal amino acids.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ayelen Melisa Blanco, Jose Luis Soengas
Summary: Leptin, encoded by the obese gene, functions differently in fish compared to mammals. In mammals, it is mainly produced by adipose tissue in response to fat depots, while in fish, various tissues, especially the liver, are the main sources of leptin, with unclear determining factors of production.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Laura Gabriela Nisembaum, Guillaume Loentgen, Thibaut L'Honore, Patrick Martin, Charles-Hubert Paulin, Michael Fuentes, Karine Escoubeyrou, Maria Jesus Delgado, Laurence Besseau, Jack Falcon
Summary: Fish rely on external temperature and photoperiod to regulate their metabolism, physiology, and behavior. Recent studies have found that TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels play a role in regulating melatonin production in Atlantic salmon, possibly in response to temperature changes.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nuria Saiz, Lisbeth Herrera-Castillo, Esther Isorna, Maria Jesus Delgado, Marta Conde-Sieira, Jose Luis Soengas, Nuria de Pedro
Summary: This study demonstrates, for the first time in fish, the effects of REV-ERB alpha activation via SR9009, promoting a negative energy balance by reducing energetic inputs and regulating lipid and glucose metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Ignacio Bertucci, Ayelen Melisa Blanco, Juan Carlos Navarro, Suraj Unniappan, Luis Fabian Canosa
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different protein:lipid ratios on the growth and gene expression of Pejerrey. The results show that diets with LL promote the growth rate of fry and are associated with gene expression in the GH-IGF axis.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Miguel Gomez-Boronat, Nuria De Pedro, angel L. Alonso-Gomez, Maria J. Delgado, Esther Isorna
Summary: The circadian system, composed of oscillators in central and peripheral tissues, regulates rhythmic processes in vertebrates. Nuclear receptors PPARs, REV-ERBs, and RORs have been proposed as key genes linking metabolism and temporal homeostasis. This study investigated the effects of light-dark cycle and feeding time on the synchronization of central and peripheral clocks and nuclear receptors in goldfish. The results showed that the hypothalamus is mainly light-entrained, while the liver is food-entrained. Nuclear receptors are identified as key elements in the timekeeping of temporal homeostasis, particularly in the liver.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Sara Comesana, Mauro Chivite, Ayelen M. Blanco, Maria Alborja-Valado, Jessica Calo, Marta Conde-Sieira, Jose L. Soengas
Summary: This study clarifies the importance of mTOR in the central orexigenic effect of valine in fish. The activation of mTOR is associated with increased feed intake levels, but the precise mechanisms are still unclear.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jessica Calo, Marta Conde-Sieira, Sara Comesana, Jose L. Soengas, Ayelen M. Blanco
Summary: This study demonstrates the presence of a gut-brain axis in fish, as different types and lengths of fatty acids impact feed intake and appetite-regulatory centers in rainbow trout. The findings have important implications for aquaculture due to variations in fatty acid composition in aquafeeds.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ignacio Ruiz-Jarabo, Blanca Partida, Maria Page, Diego Madera, Nuria Saiz, Aitana Alonso-Gomez, Lisbeth Herrera-Castillo, Esther Isorna, Angel L. Alonso-Gomez, Ana I. Valenciano, Nuria de Pedro, Jorge Saez, Maria J. Delgado
Summary: Artisanal fishing is prevalent worldwide, but changes in fishing legislation can have detrimental effects if not adapted to quickly. This study proposes potential improvements for the sector through a pilot study, evaluating the survival and possible recapture of discarded fish. The findings provide a foundation for regulating artisanal fisheries by offering scientific data on discard survival rates and sale prices.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Aitana Alonso-Gomez, Diego Madera, Angel Luis Alonso-Gomez, Ana Isabel Valenciano, Maria Jesus Delgado
Summary: This study investigates the daily variations in the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) system components in the liver of goldfish and the influence of environmental cues and feeding time on this rhythmicity. The results show that both environmental cues and feeding time synchronize the daily rhythms of the components of the IGF-1 system in the liver. This highlights the importance of IGF-1 and its binding proteins as potential rhythmic outputs of the liver clock in fish.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Calo, Sara Comesana, Angel L. Alonso-Gomez, Jose L. Soengas, Ayelen M. Blanco
Summary: This study provides the first evidence of fatty acid sensing mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of fish and identifies differences in these mechanisms between rainbow trout and mammals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
