Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marilia Freire, Antonio Bollig, Markus Knaden
Summary: The elements in the drawings are recyclable and reusable materials, which can be used by artificial intelligence to generate new drawing designs.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Luca Reggi, Luca Palmerini, Lorenzo Chiari, Sabato Mellone
Summary: Walking speed is a crucial clinical parameter that reflects mobility and predicts negative outcomes. This study demonstrates the feasibility and validity of a real-time kinematic receiver (RTK) in measuring real-world walking speed, even in challenging environments.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Feng, Wang Lu, Fenglin Wang, Fan Zhang, Qiangui Sun
Summary: Based on a modified proportional navigation guidance interceptor, this paper establishes a three-dimensional mathematical model for the attack-defense confrontation between high-speed vehicles and the interceptor. The model incorporates the modified proportional navigation guidance law of the interceptor, as well as control constraints, pitch angle velocity constraints, and dynamic delay. Analytical solutions for the optimal speed roll angle and the optimal overload of the high-speed vehicles are obtained under the condition of considering 180-degree BTT control. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed optimal penetration guidance law can achieve a miss distance of more than 5 m when the overload capacity ratio is 0.33.
Article
Neurosciences
Nicola Camp, Roberto Vagnetti, Maria Bisele, Paul Felton, Kirsty Hunter, Daniele Magistro
Summary: Dual-task activities are essential in everyday life, requiring visual-spatial memory (VSM) and mobility skills. The Walking Corsi Test (WalCT) allows both VSM and navigational memory to be tested together, as well as allowing measures of gait to be collected, thus providing a more complete understanding of dual-task function.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Santhosh K. Ramakrishnan, Dinesh Jayaraman, Kristen Grauman
Summary: Embodied computer vision focuses on perception for robots in novel, unstructured environments, with particular emphasis on embodied visual exploration. The study provides insights into existing exploration algorithms and creates a standard benchmarking framework for future research in visual exploration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Antonio Miguel Batista Dourado, Emerson Carlos Pedrino
Summary: This article presents a research effort towards the development of customizable navigation systems for visually impaired individuals, aiming to improve their quality of life. By introducing an abstract model and developing an embedded customizable navigation system, validated through testing with a non-governmental organization, it demonstrates that the system can meet different needs and preferences, enhancing the daily lives of visually impaired individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Seokwon Lee, Mingu Kim
Summary: This study analyzes rendezvous guidance schemes for UAVs refueling and investigates a necessary condition for the UAV to approach the rendezvous point in the case of a non-maneuvering target with identical speed. Three types of guidance laws are considered to analyze their performance. The reachable region is obtained analytically using the closed-form solution of the deviated pursuit and pure proportional navigation, and the results are demonstrated through numerical simulations of the rendezvous mission.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Lidi Huang, Kaizhou Luo, Jiejing Xu, Xinxin Xu, Zhilong Dong
Summary: The study indicates that visual acuity plays a significant role in the walking speed of the elderly in smoke-filled environment, while other factors have more influence in smoke-free environment. A calculation model is proposed to predict elderly walking speed based on visual acuity and smoke density, which can help to enhance evacuation process in fire emergencies and provide valuable insights for building design.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xinxiao Wu, Tong Li
Summary: We propose a new task named sentimental visual captioning, which generates captions reflecting the inherent sentiment of the input image or video. Our multimodal Transformer model, Senti-Transformer, integrates both content and sentiment information and incorporates prior sentimental knowledge to generate sentimental sentences. We also propose a two-stage training strategy that includes regularization and reinforcement learning with a sentimental reward to effectively train the model. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our Senti-Transformer on sentimental visual captioning.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Amit Benady, Sean Zadik, Oran Ben-Gal, Desiderio Cano Porras, Atalia Wenkert, Sharon Gilaie-Dotan, Meir Plotnik
Summary: The study found that visual cues influence gait speed after transitioning to virtually inclined surface walking, but do not affect the temporal patterns of muscle activation.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Wei Dong, Fang Deng, Chunyan Wang, Jianan Wang, Ming Xin
Summary: This paper investigates the problem of three-dimensional spatial-temporal cooperative guidance for multiple missiles with time-varying speeds. A progressive design strategy is used to address this problem. The proposed method accurately and efficiently predicts the time-to-go and achieves zero miss distance and desired impact directions. It also introduces an implicit trajectory-to-go function that reveals the time-to-go control mechanism under missile speed variation. The proposed cooperative guidance law satisfies multiple complex spatial-temporal constraints without active speed control, demonstrating significant practical significance.
JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yadong Chen, Jianan Wang, Jiayuan Shan, Ming Xin
Summary: This paper proposes a cooperative guidance law for missiles with thrust control to achieve impact angle constrained salvo attack while considering missile speed limit. Guiding a powered missile is divided into independent flight direction control and cooperative flight speed control, which together realize impact angle control and salvo attack. The proposed cooperative guidance law is demonstrated to be effective through numerical simulations.
JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Tianyao Zhang, Xiaoguang Hu, Jin Xiao, Guofeng Zhang
Summary: This paper emphasizes the importance of information extraction and understanding of unknown environments for mobile robots in navigation. It addresses the problem of traditional visual navigation methods and surveys more than 100 recent papers. Based on a thorough comparison, it categorizes visual navigation methods into two styles and provides mathematical formulations. The paper also discusses various issues and summarizes challenges and future trends.
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Article
Robotics
Antonio Loquercio, Elia Kaufmann, Rene Ranftl, Matthias Mueller, Vladlen Koltun, Davide Scaramuzza
Summary: Quadrotors are agile machines that can navigate complex environments at high speeds, but traditional methods of navigation may lead to increased latency and error accumulation. A new end-to-end approach is proposed to autonomously fly quadrotors through challenging environments with purely onboard sensing and computation, outperforming traditional obstacle avoidance pipelines.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lars Haalck, Michael Mangan, Antoine Wystrach, Leo Clement, Barbara Webb, Benjamin Risse
Summary: Tracking the behavior of small animals in complex environments is challenging for computer vision. The CATER methodology combines unsupervised probabilistic detection with global environment reconstruction, allowing for precise quantification of animal behavior in natural settings. Through experiments with desert ants, this method provides insights into navigation and behavior in realistic conditions, bridging the gap between lab and field experiments.
Article
Biology
Cornelia Buehlmann, Alexia Aussel, Paul Graham
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Cornelia Buehlmann, Michael Mangan, Paul Graham
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antoine Wystrach, Cornelia Buehlmann, Sebastian Schwarz, Ken Cheng, Paul Graham
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cornelia Buehlmann, Beata Wozniak, Roman Goulard, Barbara Webb, Paul Graham, Jeremy E. Niven
Article
Biology
Roman Goulard, Cornelia Buehlmann, Jeremy E. Niven, Paul Graham, Barbara Webb
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Phil Husbands, Yoonsik Shim, Michael Garvie, Alex Dewar, Norbert Domcsek, Paul Graham, James Knight, Thomas Nowotny, Andrew Philippides
Summary: This paper explores the current developments in evolutionary and bio-inspired approaches to autonomous robotics, with a focus on research conducted at the University of Sussex. It discusses how embodied dynamics can be exploited to create behaviors in robotic systems. Case studies include evolving electronic circuits for robot controllers, navigation methods inspired by insects, neuromechanical chaos for motor behaviors, and brain-body-environment interactions for efficient flapping winged flight.
APPLIED INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Roman Goulard, Cornelia Buehlmann, Jeremy E. Niven, Paul Graham, Barbara Webb
Summary: This study presents a neural pathway model for how insects perform landmark guided behaviors using their internal compass, and discusses the mechanisms of flexible guidance behaviors and how these mechanisms convert reward signals to steering signals. Through simulations, the consistency of the model with biological observations is highlighted.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
C. Buehlmann, P. Graham
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different motivational states on the innate visual response of wood ant foragers. The results showed that regardless of the motivational state, wood ant foragers orient towards prominent visual cues, indicating a hardwired behavior that exists across different motivational and ecological contexts.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Fabian Steinbeck, Thomas Nowotny, Andy Philippides, Paul Graham
Summary: Effective motor behaviors are crucial for navigation in ever-changing environments. Insects have developed adaptive movement patterns to increase their success in achieving navigational goals. A conserved brain area in the insect brain, known as the Lateral Accessory Lobe, is involved in generating small scale search movements to enhance sensory sampling. Spiking Neural Network models inspired by insects can generate a variety of adaptive movement patterns, such as zig-zagging, and are robust to noise.
FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sudhakar Deeti, Ken Cheng, Paul Graham, Antoine Wystrach
Summary: Ants engage in scanning bouts to gather visual information for navigation. The start of these scanning bouts and the dynamics of body turns and fixations were examined in Australian desert ants. The findings suggest a random-rate or Poisson process in the timing of these behaviors.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cornelia Buehlmann, Scarlett Dell-Cronin, Angela Diyalagoda Pathirannahelage, Roman Goulard, Barbara Webb, Jeremy E. Niven, Paul Graham
Summary: Wood ants use a combination of innate and learnt navigational strategies to travel between their nest and feeding sites. Mechanical lesions in the central complex of wood ants affect their learned visual guidance and turning control.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Franziska Feist, Kiera Smith, Paul Graham
Summary: Herring gulls, one of few species thriving in human-dominated landscapes, were found to pay attention to and make foraging decisions based on human cues in a food-related context. When a demonstrator was seen eating from a specific food item, gulls were significantly more likely to peck on the presented items, particularly the one matching the demonstrator's food. This cross-species social information transfer could be a result of the cognitive flexibility in kleptoparasitic species like herring gulls.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Robert Barrie, Lars Haalck, Benjamin Risse, Thomas Nowotny, Paul Graham, Cornelia Buehlmann
Summary: Research shows that ants rely on individual memory for habitual route guidance even in complex environments, using visual cues as the dominant sensory modality. These findings shed new light on how ants, or insects in general, navigate through complex multimodal environments.
LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
