Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guo-Chong Chen, Rhonda Arthur, Li-Qiang Qin, Li-Hua Chen, Zhendong Mei, Yan Zheng, Yang Li, Tao Wang, Thomas E. Rohan, Qibin Qi
Summary: The study found that consumption of oily fish, but not nonoily fish, was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in 392,287 middle-aged and older participants. Additionally, the use of fish oil supplements was also linked to a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes, especially with consistent use over time.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joanna Mitri, Shaheen Tomah, Jeremy Furtado, Mhd Wael Tasabehji, Osama Hamdy
Summary: The study found that dairy fatty acid biomarkers are associated with glycated hemoglobin and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucile Dollet, Michael Kuefner, Elena Caria, David Rizo-Roca, Logan Pendergrast, Ahmed M. Abdelmoez, Hakan K. R. Karlsson, Marie Bjornholm, Emilie Dalbram, Jonas T. Treebak, Jun Harada, Erik Naslund, Mikael Ryden, Juleen R. Zierath, Nicolas J. Pillon, Anna Krook
Summary: This study demonstrates that glutamine levels have a direct impact on skeletal muscle inflammation and insulin signaling. Increasing systemic glutamine levels improves insulin sensitivity and restores glucose homeostasis. Therefore, glutamine supplementation may be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent or delay the onset of insulin resistance in obesity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huijuan Wang, Changming Wang, Xiuping Xuan, Zhouni Xie, Yuanyuan Qiu, Huiping Qin, Zhong Xiaoning
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between baseline ratio of triglyceride to HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Japanese adults. The findings revealed a J-shaped relationship between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM risk, and a positive association between TG/HDL-C > 0.35 and the incidence of diabetes mellitus.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen J. Hierons, Jordan S. Marsh, Dongmei Wu, Claudia A. Blindauer, Alan J. Stewart
Summary: The disruption of HSA-Zn2+ binding by NEFA is a potential mechanism contributing to the prothrombotic milieu in obesity and T2DM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guoying Wang, Jessie P. Buckley, Tami R. Bartell, Xiumei Hong, Colleen Pearson, Xiaobin Wang
Summary: The study aimed to identify a lipidomic signature associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the postpartum period and investigate its role in the progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cohort of 1,409 women who delivered a singleton baby was followed up prospectively, and their lipidome was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. 33 postpartum lipid species were identified to be associated with GDM, and 4 of them were also associated with incident T2D, mediating the progression from GDM to T2D. Including these lipid species improved the prediction of T2D when considering the entire follow-up period.
Article
Surgery
Jiuhui Yang, Xiangming Ding, Ning Wang, Yujin Pan, Erwei Xiao, Senmao Mu, Liancai Wang, Dongxiao Li, Deyu Li
Summary: T2DM patients with low FFA levels are more suitable for receiving preoperative oral carbohydrates (POC), as they show better perioperative blood glucose control and a lower incidence of postoperative complications. When the FFA concentration exceeds 0.745 mmol/L, the risk of poor blood glucose control during the perioperative period increases.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia H. Goedecke, Amy E. Mendham
Summary: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest projected rates of increase in type 2 diabetes, with socioenvironmental and lifestyle factors possibly interacting with genetic factors to alter the pathophysiology. The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes in Black Africans is different from that in their European counterparts. However, current understanding of the disease is largely based on studies involving predominantly White European participants. This review summarizes existing knowledge and data on non-pharmacological interventions exploring the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa, while also highlighting factors that may influence its pathogenesis.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Phillip J. White, Robert W. McGarrah, Mark A. Herman, James R. Bain, Svati H. Shah, Christopher B. Newgard
Summary: The association of obesity and insulin resistance with increased levels of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids and decreased glycine levels is well-established. Human metabolomics and genetic studies have further confirmed these observations, with preclinical studies identifying mechanisms involved in amino acid homeostasis disruption and its connection to dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism, particularly in the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pradipta Paul, Ridhima Kaul, Manale Harfouche, Maryam Arabi, Yousef Al -Najjar, Aparajita Sarkar, Reya Saliba, Ali Chaari
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on glucose homeostasis in diabetic patients. The results showed that these microbiome-modulating nutraceuticals were associated with significant improvements in fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and QUICKI. However, they did not have a significant effect on C-peptide. The study also identified several factors that influenced the efficacy of these nutraceuticals, such as age, baseline BMI, and trial duration. The findings suggest that probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation can be used as adjunct therapy to improve glycemia and insulinemia in diabetic patients.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Oana P. Zaharia, Martin Schoen, Luca Loeffler, Klaus Strassburger, Clara Moeser, Iryna Yurchenko, Kalman Bodis, Sofia Antoniou, Yanislava Karusheva, Julia Szendroedi, Volker Burkart, Michael Roden
Summary: This study compared endothelial function during the early stage of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and found that endothelial function decreases in patients with type 2 diabetes, which is associated with baseline adipose tissue insulin resistance and indices of liver fibrosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sofiya Gancheva, Sabine Kahl, Dominik Pesta, Lucia Mastrototaro, Bedair Dewidar, Klaus Strassburger, Ehsan Sabah, Irene Esposito, Jurgen Weiss, Theresia Sarabhai, Martin Wolkersdorfer, Thomas Fleming, Peter Nawroth, Marcel Zimmermann, Andreas S. Reichert, Matthias Schlensak, Michael Roden
Summary: Individuals with type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of progressing from nonalcoholic fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The hepatic mitochondrial function in NASH patients with and without type 2 diabetes differs, impacting disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sofiya Gancheva, Sabine Kahl, Dominik Pesta, Lucia Mastrototaro, Bedair Dewidar, Klaus Strassburger, Ehsan Sabah, Irene Esposito, Juergen Weiss, Theresia Sarabhai, Martin Wolkersdorfer, Thomas Fleming, Peter Nawroth, Marcel Zimmermann, Andreas S. Reichert, Matthias Schlensak, Michael Roden
Summary: Loss of hepatic mitochondrial adaptation characterizes NASH and type 2 diabetes or hepatic fibrosis and may thereby favor accelerated disease progression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Wagner, Martin Heni, Adam G. Tabak, Juergen Machann, Fritz Schick, Elko Randrianarisoa, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Norbert Stefan, Andreas Peter, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Andreas Fritsche
Summary: Analysis of high-risk individuals revealed six distinct subphenotypes of type 2 diabetes, among which three had elevated glycemia levels, with clusters 3 and 5 having imminent diabetes risks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael D. Schaid, Yanlong Zhu, Nicole E. Richardson, Chinmai Patibandla, Irene M. Ong, Rachel J. Fenske, Joshua C. Neuman, Erin Guthery, Austin Reuter, Harpreet K. Sandhu, Miles H. Fuller, Elizabeth D. Cox, Dawn B. Davis, Brian T. Layden, Allan R. Brasier, Dudley W. Lamming, Ying Ge, Michelle E. Kimple
Summary: In the transition from beta-cell compensation to beta-cell failure in Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the role of Prostaglandin EP3 receptor (EP3) and its ligand prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) has been demonstrated. By studying a rare genetic model of T2D in mice, researchers found improvements in EP3-mediated beta-cell dysfunction correlated with changes in metabolic parameters and inflammation markers.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca L. Scalzo, Irene E. Schauer, Deirdre Rafferty, Leslie A. Knaub, Nina Kvaratskhelia, Taro Kaelix Johnson, Gregory B. Pott, Layla A. Abushamat, Mary O. Whipple, Amy G. Huebschmann, Melanie Cree-Green, Jane E. B. Reusch, Judith G. Regensteiner
Summary: The study showed that single-leg exercise training can improve impaired skeletal muscle oxidative flux in people with type 2 diabetes, leading to increased skeletal muscle vasculature and oxygen delivery efficiency. This type of training is effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
C. Torres-Zegarra, D. Sundararajan, J. Benson, H. Seagle, M. Witten, N. Walders-Abramson, S. L. Simon, P. Huguelet, N. J. Nokoff, M. Cree-Green
Summary: A multidisciplinary clinic was established to provide comprehensive care to adolescent girls with PCOS, revealing common co-morbidities in metabolic, dermatologic, and psychological aspects. Commonly prescribed therapies included topical acne preparations, estrogen-containing hormonal therapy, and metformin.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia Hudnut-Beumler, Jill L. Kaar, Anya Taylor, Megan M. Kelsey, Kristen J. Nadeau, Philip Zeitler, Janet Snell-Bergeon, Laura Pyle, Melanie Cree-Green
Summary: Adolescents with PCOS and obesity are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, especially Hispanic girls with elevated HbA1c and ALT at the time of PCOS diagnosis. Better screening and prevention approaches are needed for this population to reduce the morbidity associated with youth onset T2D.
PEDIATRIC DIABETES
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mary O. Whipple, Kevin S. Masters, Amy G. Huebschmann, Rebecca L. Scalzo, Jane E. B. Reusch, Audrey Bergouignan, Judith G. Regensteiner
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the acute effects of interrupting prolonged sedentary behavior on vascular health among individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes. The evidence suggests that light and moderate intensity activity breaks can acutely lower blood pressure, but further research is needed to understand the impact on other vascular outcomes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christine L. Chan, Laura Pyle, Tim Vigers, Philip S. Zeitler, Kristen J. Nadeau
Summary: This study found that greater glycemic variability on CGM was associated with reduced beta-cell function, but CGM performed poorly in discriminating individuals with and without OGTT-defined CFRD and prediabetes. Prospective studies are needed to determine how well the different tests predict clinically relevant nonglycemic outcomes in PwCF.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephanie Cung, Laura Pyle, Kristin Nadeau, Dana Dabelea, Melanie Cree-Green, Shanlee M. Davis
Summary: The study found no significant differences in muscle mitochondrial function between individuals with XXY and male controls, and testosterone treatment did not significantly affect this relationship.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Taylor M. Triolo, Laura Pyle, Hali Broncucia, Taylor Armstrong, Liping Yu, Peter A. Gottlieb, Andrea K. Steck
Summary: Objective Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays are high-affinity autoantibody tests used for risk screening and prediction of type 1 diabetes progression. This study analyzed the association of high-risk HLA haplotypes and genotypes with ECL positivity in relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes, showing that ECL-GADA and ECL-IAA positivity are associated with HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 haplotypes, respectively.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanlee M. Davis, Natalie J. Nokoff, Anna Furniss, Laura Pyle, Anna Valentine, Patricia Fechner, Chijioke Ikomi, Brianna Magnusen, Leena Nahata, Maria G. Vogiatzi, Amanda Dempsey
Summary: In a large population-based cohort, youth with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are more likely to have cardiometabolic-related diagnoses compared to matched controls, including overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, and liver dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meredith A. Ware, Jill L. Kaar, Cecilia Diniz Behn, Kai Bartlette, Anne-Marie Carreau, Dan Lopez-Paniagua, Ann Scherzinger, Danielle Xie, Haseeb Rahat, Yesenia Garcia-Reyes, Kristen J. Nadeau, Melanie Cree-Green
Summary: This study found that adolescent girls with PCOS had higher visceral fat and hepatic fat fraction compared to control individuals, but similar pancreatic fat fraction. Higher pancreatic fat fraction was associated with worse metabolic measures. However, pancreatic fat fraction was not related to PCOS status or serum androgens.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Victoria Elliott, Stephanie W. Waldrop, Pattara Wiromrat, Anne-Marie Carreau, Melanie Cree Green
Summary: Obesity is on the rise globally, especially in pediatrics, leading to disruptions in reproductive function. Certain diseases and endocrine disorders are linked to both weight gain and reproductive dysfunction, shedding light on potential future therapies targeting both conditions.
SEMINARS IN REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Valentine, Shanlee Davis, Anna Furniss, Nadia Dowshen, Anne E. Kazak, Christopher Lewis, Danielle F. Loeb, Leena Nahata, Laura Pyle, Lisa M. Schilling, Gina M. Sequeira, Natalie Nokoff
Summary: This study using a large database found that transgender and gender-diverse youth have an increased risk of overweight/obesity compared to matched controls. Screening and tailored weight management for TGDY are necessary.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea N. N. Lorenz, Laura Pyle, Joon Ha, Arthur Sherman, Melanie Cree-Green, Scott D. D. Sagel, Kristen J. J. Nadeau, Christine L. L. Chan
Summary: In cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) screening, the thresholds for prediabetes and diabetes in oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) are based on the 2-hour glucose (2 hG). Intermediate OGTT glucoses between 0 and 2 hours that are >= 200 mg/dL are considered indeterminate, although lower 1-hour glucose (1 hG) thresholds have been found to identify those at increased risk of type 2 diabetes in other populations. Limited studies have examined 1 hG thresholds <200 mg/dL in people with CF.
PEDIATRIC DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anya E. Taylor, Meredith A. Ware, Emily Breslow, Laura Pyle, Cameron Severn, Kristen J. Nadeau, Christine L. Chan, Megan M. Kelsey, Melanie Cree-Green
Summary: This study investigated the role of 11-oxyandrogens in the diagnosis and clinical comorbidities of PCOS, as well as their response to COCP or metformin therapy. The results showed that untreated PCOS patients had higher levels of 11-OHA4 and 11-OHT, and testosterone was a better predictor of PCOS than 11-oxyandrogens. Among untreated PCOS patients, all three 11-oxyandrogens were correlated with hirsutism severity. COCP treatment was associated with lower levels of 11-KT, while metformin treatment had no effect on 11-oxyandrogens. Further research is needed to determine the causal relationship, metabolic outcomes, and clinical utility of measuring these androgens in PCOS.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2022)