Article
Environmental Sciences
Chuanting Zhou, Ying An, Wei Zhang, Dianhai Yang, Jianguo Tang, Jianfeng Ye, Zhen Zhou
Summary: The study investigated the inhibitory effects of calcium ion on ammonium exchange by zeolite and developed a method to alleviate this inhibition effect. The results showed that increasing calcium ion concentration led to a decrease in NH4+ removal efficiency and affected the exchange kinetics and equilibrium isotherms. The periodic precipitation of calcium ion as calcium carbonate was found to be an effective way to maintain efficient NH4+ removal by zeolite.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. A. M. Abusultan, J. A. Wood, T. Sainio, A. J. B. Kemperman, W. G. J. van der Meer
Summary: Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology is widely used for producing high-quality drinking water. An ion exchange resin - bipolar membrane electrodialysis hybrid process was developed for sustainable RO permeate remineralization. The most suitable resin for the remineralization process should have high selectivity for calcium and magnesium and low selectivity for monovalent ions.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lukas Hackl, Shao-Wei Tsai, Bavisha Kalyan, Chia-Hung Hou, Ashok Gadgil
Summary: Capacitive deionization (CDI) technologies have the potential to replace reverse osmosis as cost-competitive alternatives for brackish water treatment. This study investigates the impact of co-ion sorption and faradaic side reactions on ion exchange resin functionalized desalination electrodes. The findings show that the electrically regenerated ion exchange (ERI) system effectively captures salt at low applied voltages, and Faradaic side reactions facilitate the functionality of ERI.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Zhu-Bao Shao, Jing Cui, Xiao-Lu Li, Jose Luis Diaz Palencia, De-Yi Wang
Summary: An eco-friendly and efficient flame retardant for epoxy resin, Fe@APP, was successfully prepared through a chemical modification process. The addition of 5 wt% Fe@APP effectively reduced heat and smoke release of EP composites. The catalytic properties of iron (III) in promoting char formation and fire safety of the EP composite were also demonstrated.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Luiza Bonin, Davy Deduytsche, Mariette Wolthers, Victoria Flexer, Korneel Rabaey
Summary: The removal of boron and magnesium from lithium-rich brines leads to the production of 95% pure magnesium hydroxide, leaving behind a brine suitable for high-purity lithium salt precipitation, thus offering a second attractive product from brine processing.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Humeyra B. Ulusoy Erol, Christa N. Hestekin, Jamie A. Hestekin
Summary: Wafer-enhanced electrodeionization (WE-EDI) is a separations technology driven by an electric field and reliant on ion exchange resin chemistry, offering selective removal of ions from high concentration systems. Strong cation exchange resins prefer to transport divalent ions, while weak cation exchange resins favor monovalent ions. In wafer form, strong cation exchange resins in powder form generally outperform those in bead form for the selective removal of divalent ions.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhipeng Fu, Xianfeng Wang, Qiao Song, Ting Jiang, Dawang Li, Feng Xing
Summary: A difunctional artificial aggregate (DAA) was developed to achieve repetitive self-healing of concrete cracks by combining with a tricomponent healing agent. The study showed an increase in self-healing efficiency with the regeneration of NH4HCO3.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tianguang Zhang, Roberto M. Narbaitz, Majid Sartaj, Jason Downey
Summary: Limited research has been conducted on ammonium removal by zeolites followed by chlorine regeneration, and most studies used batch tests and focused on single solute solutions instead of multi-component ones. This study used a continuous-flow ion exchange column system to assess the feasibility of chlorine regeneration of a zeolite column for ammonium removal from synthetic explosives impacted mining wastewater. The results showed that NaOCl and salt regeneration had similar performance, but NaOCl regeneration took longer. Additionally, the effluent pH, total chlorine level, and free chlorine level during chlorine regeneration were positively related to ammonium oxidation and hydrogen ion production.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sungwon Kang, Bongjae Lee, Kwang-Ho Ahn, Seongwon Im, Bokseong Kim, Tae-Hyun Kim, Yuhoon Hwang, Soryong Chae
Summary: A high-performance ammonium adsorbent was prepared by immobilizing copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) on a weakly acidic cation exchange resin (WAC) using a facile synthesis method. The synthesized CuHCF-based adsorbent exhibited good physicochemical properties and showed efficient adsorption of NH4+ ions. The adsorption process was found to be chemisorption and followed the Langmuir isotherm model. The WAC-CuHCF adsorbent also demonstrated regeneration capability and can be potentially used for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ramkrishna Singh, Bruce S. Dien, Vijay Singh
Summary: This study evaluated the removal of free fatty acids from oil using different resins, with Amberlite FPA 51 showing the highest adsorption capacity. Resin concentration above 3% enabled better adsorption of free fatty acids, fitting a pseudo-first-order kinetic model for the adsorption process.
BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Panpan Gao, Junkui Cui, Yang Deng
Summary: This study introduces a cyclic treatment approach for efficiently removing PFOA from water using ion exchange and heat activation of peroxodisulfate for resin regeneration and detoxification. The method shows linear increase in PFOA removal with cycle number, but caution is needed as excessive peroxodisulfate dosage may damage the resins.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dai Quyet Truong, Paripurnanda Loganathan, Le Minh Tran, Duc Loi Vu, Tien Vinh Nguyen, Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran, Gayathri Naidu
Summary: Ammonium removal from drinking water using Purolite C100E resin showed best results at pH 3-8, with maximum ion exchange capacities fitting Langmuir and Freundlich models. Co-ions in water slightly reduced ammonium removal efficiency, with ammonium having higher affinity due to lower hydrated ionic radius and H-bonding. The Purolite C100E resin displayed effective ammonium removal capabilities in fluidized bed and household filter systems.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hang Dong, Chloe Marie Laguna, Matthew J. Liu, Jinyu Guo, William A. Tarpeh
Summary: Ion exchange is a promising technology for selective nitrogen recovery from urine, but traditional methods require chemical-intensive regeneration. To overcome this issue, researchers have developed a novel electrified ion exchange stripping process that enables electrochemical in situ regeneration and ammonia stripping. The process has been proven to efficiently recover nitrogen and control electrolyte composition, improving energy efficiency.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yanying Hou, Lujie Liu, Qiaole He, Di Zhang, Jiayang Jin, Banghe Jiang, Liming Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides on ion-exchange resin and found that the adsorption equilibrium followed the Langmuir model, with adsorption capacity decreasing with increasing degree of polymerization. The adsorption kinetics were well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Liquid-film diffusion and intra-particle diffusion were identified as the rate-limiting steps for adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption of chitooligosaccharides on HX-7 resin was spontaneous and feasible, with higher polymerization degrees leading to stronger interaction forces and more favorable adsorption.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kevin Chang, Hongxi Luo, Sean M. Bannon, Sin Yan Lin, Wendy-Angela Saringi Agata, Geoffrey M. Geise
Summary: Sulfonated polysulfone membrane material was modified by adding methoxy groups to increase water permeability and decrease salt permeability, resulting in improved selectivity for desalination applications. The study suggests that Donnan exclusion may have a greater influence on salt sorption properties than electrostatic or dielectric exclusion forces for charged polymers.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Arvin Sohrabi, Mousa Meratizaman, Shuli Liu
Summary: This paper simulates and discusses possible solutions to improve the economic and technical performances of a battery-less renewable energy-powered BWRO system under real climate conditions. The study finds that the photovoltaic-based system performs better in terms of specific energy consumption and unused energy ratio.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlan Pan, Xiaoyin Hu, Vishal Goyal, Theyab R. Alsenani, Salem Alkhalaf, Tamim Alkhalifah, Fahad Alturise, Hamad Almujibah, H. Elhosiny Ali
Summary: This paper introduces a novel waste heat recovery method using the hot flue gas from a ship's engine to produce liquefied hydrogen while meeting the ship's air-conditioning requirement. A comprehensive feasibility assessment is conducted and an artificial neural network with a multiobjective grey wolf optimization method is used for optimization. The findings indicate the highest mean sensitivity index of the flash temperature and the best optimization scenario for exergy efficiency, CO2 emission reduction, and liquefied hydrogen cost.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Chinello, Jan Post, Louis C. P. M. de Smet
Summary: In this study, PVDF-based anion-exchange membranes were designed to selectively separate nitrate from chloride. Experimental data showed that increasing the concentration of PVDF enhanced nitrate transport but also increased the membrane electrical resistance. The selectivity of nitrate was found to be independent of the membrane thickness and mainly driven by the increased affinity between the anion and the membrane.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Umar Noor, Muhammad Fayyaz Farid, Ammara Sharif, Amna Saleem, Zubair Nabi, Muhammad Furqan Mughal, Kiran Abbas, Toheed Ahmed
Summary: Global water scarcity is increasing, and water desalination is an important solution. Multifunctional advanced materials, such as membrane materials and solar-driven desalination, play a crucial role in water desalination. Additionally, these materials can be used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and pollutant elimination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emrah Gumus
Summary: With growing global concerns about climate change and environmental impacts, the use of nuclear energy in naval vessels offers a cleaner and more efficient solution to reduce emissions and address water and energy supply challenges. This study explores a novel system that combines a nuclear-driven supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with reverse osmosis cogeneration to meet the water and electricity demands in maritime operations, enhancing the sustainability, efficiency, and self-sufficiency of naval vessels. The results indicate that the system has the potential to be a viable and effective solution for naval operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dao Thi Thanh Huyen, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young -Nam Kwon
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of a commercially available polyamide thin-film composite membrane with a zwitterionic material to enhance its fouling resistance. The modified membrane shows improved salt rejection and reduced permeability compared to the pristine membrane. Fouling tests demonstrate that the modified membrane has a lower fouling ratio and higher recovery ratio. The enhanced antifouling characteristics are attributed to the improved hydrophilicity resulting from the zwitterionic brushes and the salting-in effect.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Niklas Koeller, Lukas Mankertz, Selina Finger, Christian J. Linnartz, Matthias Wessling
Summary: This study presents a methodology to scale up Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) technology from lab-scale to pilot-scale systems. By increasing membrane area and using a stacking approach, the FCDI modules were successfully scaled up and achieved a salt transfer rate comparable to lab-scale systems. This provides a foundation for future assessments of energy demand and economics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mona Gulied, Sifani Zavahir, Tasneem Elmakki, Hyunwoong Park, Guillermo Hijos Gago, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid system that combines direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) to facilitate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine enrichment and selective lithium recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ruifeng Deng, Jiao Zhang, Lu She, Guangfeng Wei, Renyong Jia, Pengyu Xiang, Siqing Xia
Summary: A transmembrane electro-chemisorption system with authigenic acid and base was developed for enhancing ammonia recovery from strong ammonia wastewater. The system efficiently transformed ammonium into free ammonia, which was then adsorbed and recovered through transmembrane chemisorption. This system yielded pure (NH4)2SO4 product and produced valuable byproducts of pure hydrogen and oxygen. Higher applied voltage resulted in better ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alena Popova, Sandrine Boivin, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Fujioka
Summary: This study aimed to produce a high-integrity RO membrane by forming a polyamide skin layer on a TE support layer, in order to enhance the integrity of the membrane and improve the microbiological safety of potable water reuse.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sanjana Yagnambhatt, Saber Khanmohammadi, Jonathan Maisonneuve
Summary: This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The effect of temperature on water permeate flux, specific energy, permeate quality, and applied operating pressures is evaluated using an analytical model. The results suggest that under specific conditions, the tradeoff between savings in mechanical pump work and thermal energy input in thermally-enhanced RO can be favorable, leading to overall energy savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangju Si, Chenrui Xue, Shun Li, Linchao Yang, Weiwei Li, Jie Yang, Jihong Lan, Ningbo Sun
Summary: To meet the huge demand for lithium resources, there is an urgent need to develop a new efficient technology for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. In this study, a selective membrane capacitive deionization system is reported, which achieves high lithium recovery capacity and rate through the use of materials with efficient intercalated pseudo-capacitance and a high specific area porous carbon. The use of a modified thin-coated membrane allows for selective Li+ recovery, and adjusting the concentrations of Li+ and Mg2+ in the feed solution enables higher Li+/Mg2+ selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohamed R. Salem, R. Y. Sakr, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Omar A. Aly
Summary: This research proposes a new method of using wasted thermal energies as an additional heating source for solar still distillation units (SSDUs) to increase productivity and reduce pollution and global warming. By testing two SSDUs, the study shows that heating airflow can raise temperatures, enhance freshwater production, and improve system thermal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qimeng Sun, Miao Sun, Linyan Yang, Yuan Gao, Xinghai Zhou, Lihua Lyu, Chunyan Wei
Summary: This study presents an innovative design and fabrication of a fabric-based conical roll (FCR) evaporator, which enables low-temperature evaporation and achieves high evaporation efficiency with excellent thermal management ability. The evaporator has demonstrated advanced light-harvesting capability and can produce freshwater that meets drinking water standards, showing great potential for applications in desalination and sewage treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yidong Zhang, Wangfang Deng, Meiyan Wu, Chao Liu, Guang Yu, Qiu Cui, Pedram Fatehi, Chunlin Xu, Bin Li
Summary: In this study, a novel polydopamine-functionalized lignin-containing pulp foam evaporator with high-efficiency desalination and multi-contaminant adsorption capabilities was designed. The foam evaporator showed excellent light absorption, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and chelation abilities, allowing for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption synergistically. It also exhibited potential applications in metal ion concentration and contaminated seawater treatments, and demonstrated superior biodegradability compared to poly-styrene foam. This foam material holds promise for developing multifunctional photo-thermal systems for solar-driven water purification.