Article
Plant Sciences
Lei Yu, Zongdi Huang, Shuanglei Tang, Helena Korpelainen, Chunyang Li
Summary: This study investigated the sexual dimorphism in Populus euphratica under drought, salinity, and combined stress. The results showed that male P. euphratica seedlings exhibited stronger resistance to stress and had protective structures, higher biomass, and enhanced physiological responses compared to females. The significant sex x drought x salinity interactions suggested that the sexual dimorphism depends on the severity of stress. These findings imply that future climate change with increased aridity and soil salinity may lead to more severe shifts in the sex ratio of P. euphratica forests.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shaowei Ma, Guohou Liu, Lei Wang, Guanzhi Liu, Xiao Xu
Summary: This study investigates the sexual differences in response to wind erosion in Salix gordejevii saplings and finds that females have a greater resistance to wind erosion than males, with better photosynthetic capacity, stronger water retention capacity, and more efficient antioxidant system.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amin Joukar, Ali Kiapour, Anoli Shah, Ardalan Seyed Vosoughi, Vijay K. Goel
Summary: This study aimed to assess biomechanical parameters in fused and contralateral sacroiliac joints (SIJs) and implants during spinal motions for males and females. Results showed that females had lower stresses and greater reductions in motion at the contralateral SIJ compared to males. Implants in females had higher stresses than in males, but the risk of implant failure in females was still minimal. Surgical approaches were effective in both sexes, with the lateral approach potentially providing a better biomechanical response, especially in females. Design characteristics of the implants did not have a significant impact on biomechanical performance.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naim Abu-Freha, Bracha Cohen, Sarah Weissmann, Reut Hizkiya, Reem Abu-Hammad, Gadeer Taha, Michal Gordon
Summary: Sex-based differences in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) were investigated, revealing that female patients had older age at diagnosis, higher rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cirrhosis, and a lower age-adjusted all-cause mortality rate compared to males.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ram B. Jain, Alan Ducatman
Summary: This study used nationally representative data for US from 2003 to 2018 to analyze the gender-based differences in serum concentrations of PFAS. The results showed that females had lower serum PFAS levels than males at certain age ranges, and the differences were maximized at different ages for different compounds. The findings suggest the importance of separate analyses of male and female data, as well as stratified analysis for different time periods in females. The study also provides support for further research on the influences of gender differences in serum PFAS.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lan Chen, Yan Zhang, Karin Pacheco, Shaodong Dai
Summary: Nickel is a common allergen that can lead to joint implant failure. This study used single-cell sequencing techniques to analyze Ni2+ -reactive T cells from patients' peripheral blood. The results showed differences in T cell sensitivity to nickel among different patients, while some common TCR beta chains may play similar roles in allergic reactions in the skin and joints.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michelle H. H. Lee, Eveline Febriana, Maybritte Lim, Sonia Baig, Jeffrey B. B. Halter, Faidon Magkos, Sue-Anne Toh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of sex on obesity-driven changes in the mechanisms regulating glucose metabolism. The results showed that the adverse effects of obesity on insulin action and secretion were more pronounced in males than females, and females had greater insulin sensitivity and lower insulin secretion compared to males among participants with obesity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Osama Chaudry, Kelechi Ndukwe, Lei Xie, Maria Figueiredo-Pereira, Peter Serrano, Patricia Rockwell
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with higher prevalence in females. Sex differences in the development of the disease are not fully understood, and comparing pathology between sexes may help identify more effective therapeutic targets. In a study using an AD rat model, female rats performed better in spatial learning and memory tests, but showed cognitive deficits compared to control rats. Male rats, on the other hand, experienced more hippocampal neuronal loss and lower GluA2 subunit levels. Interestingly, female rats in the AD model had higher levels of hippocampal amyloid plaques.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Bailey J. Ross, Christina A. Hermanns, Shin Xu, Jordan Baker, Bryan Vopat, Cadence Miskimin, Mary K. Mulcahey
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the impact of patient sex on outcomes after treatment of knee OCD lesions. The results showed that there were mostly no significant differences between males and females in functional and clinical outcomes. The study suggested that sex cannot independently predict treatment outcomes.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Kevin C. Mertz, JaeWon Yang, Brian C. Chung, Xiao Chen, Cory K. Mayfield, Nathanael D. Heckmann
Summary: This study compared the linear wear rates of CoCr and fourth-generation ceramic femoral heads on XLPE liners. The meta-analysis showed that fourth-generation ceramic femoral heads had significantly lower wear rates than CoCr heads.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jennifer L. Kruse, Richard Olmstead, Gerhard Hellemann, Elizabeth C. Breen, Susannah J. Tye, John O. Brooks, Benjamin Wade, Eliza Congdon, Randall Espinoza, Katherine L. Narr, Michael R. Irwin
Summary: In depressed patients, IL-8 levels may have sex-specific relationships with depressive symptoms, with potential association with anxiety symptoms across sexes. Further research on sex-specific relationships between IL-8 and depression symptom profiles could provide insights into depression pathophysiology and precision medicine strategies.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Ava Brozovich, Terry Clyburn, Kevin Park, Katharine D. Harper, Thomas Sullivan, Stephen Incavo, Francesca Taraballi
Summary: Implant-related hypersensitivity, mediated by Th2 cells and M1 macrophages, may be a potential cause of failure in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Current screening methods for metal hypersensitivity in TKA patients are not accurate enough, highlighting the need for a more sensitive test to identify patients with allergic reactions.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Alex J. Reiter, Hayden R. Schott, Ryan M. Castile, Paul C. Cannon, Necat Havlioglu, Aaron M. Chamberlain, Spencer P. Lake
Summary: This study found that there were few differences between male and female animals in functional, mechanical, and morphological outcomes in a rat model of elbow PTJC. Traumatic injury produced similar deficits in grip strength, gait, and joint range of motion in both sexes, with presence of ectopic calcification (EC) regardless of sex. Histological analysis showed minor differences between sexes in inflammation and thickness of the anterior capsule.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Christopher Seifen, Johannes Pordzik, Katharina Bahr, Lisa Grosse-Brueggemann, Katharina Ludwig, Berit Hackenberg, Christoph Matthias, Perikles Simon, Haralampos Gouveris
Summary: Evidence suggests that the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) increases with aging, especially in males. However, the impact of aging on sleep-related metrics, specifically AHI, has been less studied in different gender-specific subpopulations while considering confounding factors such as obstructive sleep apnea-related comorbidities and body mass index (BMI). A retrospective analysis of 186 first-time polysomnographic recordings and medical files was conducted, forming six groups based on age and gender. The older mixed-gender and female cohorts showed significantly higher AHI, apnea-index, and hypopnea-index values. Within the older male cohort, AHI and apnea-index were also significantly higher. No significant differences in BMI were found. The older male cohort had significantly more patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic mental health disorders. Conversely, the female subpopulation showed no significant differences in these comorbidities. In conclusion, sleep PSG-parameters increased in older subpopulations, possibly due to the accumulation of comorbidities in older males but not in females.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yanwei Zhang, Zhenxian Chen, Hongmou Zhao, Dahang Zhao, Xuan Zhang, Xin Ma, Zhongmin Jin
Summary: This study evaluated the differences in ankle force, motion, contact stress, and bone-implant interface micromotion among different ankle implant designs during physiological walking gait. The anatomical ankle implant design showed superior performance in recovering ankle joint motion, reducing contact stress, and minimizing bone-implant interface micromotion compared to other designs. Additionally, the fixation design of INFINITY resulted in lower bone-implant interface micromotion than INBONE II.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)